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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2882 COCA: 3857

pit

Word family 
Related topics: Industry, Motor vehicles, Plants, Food, Human
pit1 /pɪt/ ●●○ noun [countableC]  
1  hole 洞
a) HOLEa hole in the ground, especially one made by digging 〔尤指在地上挖出的〕坑
 The female digs a pit in which to lay the eggs.
雌性挖坑产卵。
 a five-foot deep pit
五英尺深的坑
→ sandpit
b) HOLEa large hole in the ground from which stones or minerals are obtained by digging 采石坑；矿坑
gravel/sand/chalk pit 沙砾坑/沙坑/白垩坑
2  mine 矿井TI especially British EnglishBrE a coal mine 煤矿井
 Dad first went down the pit (=worked in a coal mine) when he was 15 years old.
爸爸第一次下煤矿井时才15岁。
 a national strike against pit closures
抗议关闭煤矿井的全国性罢工
3  mark 痕迹 a small hollow mark in the surface of something, especially on your skin as the result of a disease 〔某物表面的〕微小凹痕；〔尤因疾病而在皮肤上产生的〕麻点，痘痕
 the deep pits left by smallpox
天花遗留下的深深的痘痕
4. untidy place 不洁的地方 [usually singular] informalUNTIDY a house or room that is dirty, untidy, or in bad condition 肮脏的房屋[房间]；条件很差的房屋[房间]
5  be the pits informalBAD to be extremely bad 极差，极糟糕
 The company refused to pay – I think it’s the pits.
那家公司拒绝付款，我认为这太恶劣了。
Examples from the Corpus
be the pits• In other words Gideon was the pits in his own eyes - a coward and an unimportant member of an unimpressive family!• Wouldn't it be the pits if your flight got canceled?• Which Minister is the pits with the miners whose livelihoods now hang in the balance?• I have heard of some stupid fashion details in my time, but this is the pits.
6  in/at the pit of your stomach EMOTIONALif you have a feeling in the pit of your stomach, you have a sick or tight feeling in your stomach, usually because you are nervous or afraid 在你的心底[心窝]
 I had a feeling in the pit of my stomach that something terrible was going to happen.
我内心深处觉得有什么可怕的事就要发生了。
Examples from the Corpus
in/at the pit of your stomach• He was developing a peculiar feeling in the pit of his stomach; a feeling beyond sickness, beyond shock.• She watched as he crossed the meadow and felt the familiar jolt in the pit of her stomach as he came near.• When that first cup of coffee was finished, a ball of fear nestled in the pit of my stomach.• She closed her eyes for a moment, fighting the tremor that began somewhere in the pit of her stomach.• Now suddenly she could feel the pleasure such imaginings had aroused uncurling in a warm spiral in the pit of her stomach.• I felt a twinge in the pit of my stomach.
7. CAR RACING 赛车the pits DSOthe place beside the track in a car race where cars can come in for petrol, new tyres etc 〔赛车时设在赛道边的〕维修站 → pit stop
Examples from the Corpus
the pits• The market says close the pits.• Does he expect us to be convinced by his words about the prevalence of cholera in the pits?• Real-estate prices were in the pits.• In the pits they didn't shut down they put their own breed of managers, under-managers and deputies ...• So it is with the young prospects we throw into the pits of the courtroom.• There are a lot of interesting birds on the pits.• And this time I got in-well, to Loyola, which everybody thought was really the pits.
8. in a theatre 在剧院里 an orchestra pit 乐池
9  in a garage 在汽车修理厂TTC a hole in the floor of a garage that lets you get under a car to repair it 检修坑
 an inspection pit
汽车检修坑
10  a/the pit of something literarySITUATION a situation which makes you feel very bad 某事糟糕的状态
 Just thinking about the future plunged her into a pit of despair.
一想到将来，她就陷入了极其绝望的境地。
Examples from the Corpus
a/the pit of something• Again the howl, as if one of Satan's demons was rising from the pit of Hell.• And in a pit of mud, what bubbles?• He was developing a peculiar feeling in the pit of his stomach; a feeling beyond sickness, beyond shock.• When that first cup of coffee was finished, a ball of fear nestled in the pit of my stomach.• The only real life, curiously enough, was underground, in the pit of hell itself.• So it is with the young prospects we throw into the pits of the courtroom.• This person accepted that life was a pit of evil, and they were fine about it.
11  in fruit 水果中 especially American EnglishAmEHBPDF the single large hard seed in some fruits 〔某些水果的〕核 SYN British English stone
 a peach pit
桃核
→5 see picture at 见图 fruit1
12. body part 身体部位 informalHBH an armpit 腋窝
13. business 交易 American EnglishAmEBFS the area of a stock exchange where people buy and sell shares 〔证券交易所的〕交易区 SYN British English floor
Examples from the Corpus
pit• We dug a pit a yard deep in the soil.• Every military camp has a pit, where prisoners are held.• There are tiny scratches and pits on the windshield.• But somebody ought to tell the filmmakers, who are churning out movies as if demand were a bottomless pit.• The dis-used brick pit has been a tip for 10 years and will continue as one for 30 more.• It was another plastic bag of clothes from the clunch pit murder.• a gravel pit• S., methods by which operas hire pit orchestras vary.• The opera needs the players for its pit orchestra.• They found a large pit where all the dead bodies had been thrown.• Many of the victims were buried in large pits.• Eric's house is a total pit.
gravel/sand/chalk pit• Around Chichester there is an area of gravel and gravel pits of considerable economic importance.• Not simply on Tring Reservoirs or the home counties gravel pits do men now sit for a ten pounder anymore.• Many schools are fortunate to have an outside sand pit as well.• Some men pinched all the wages at the gravel pit.• Hand carts and horsedrawn carts wait to carry away building supplies brought from the gravel pits of Middlesex.• The money he had stolen from the gravel pits reposed under his bunk in the houseboat.• Now suppose we ask Professor Summerlee, after a particular landing in the sand pit, what he has just experienced.• The chalk pit itself is potentially a valuable habitat and adds yet one more facet to this lovely stretch of land.
pit closures• Occupancy at Pontins dropped 13% and bookings dipped after pit closures were announced.• The dockside coal depot will be the focal point of a demonstration against imports and pit closures tomorrow.• K Thousands of coal miners marched through central London to protest at the Government's bungled pit closures.• Further contraction, pit closures, and industrial erosion would certainly follow.• He promised a moratorium on pit closures if Labour won.• These ravenous companies claim to provide jobs to communities starved of employment following the pit closures.• But he pulled out because of the expected Government statement on the pit closures programme this afternoon.
inspection pit• Below: The interior of the depot, with its five inspection pits and single-span roof.• The remains of the old Motherwell car are lying in the inspection pit underneath! 3.• The inspection pit and work bench.
Related topics: Cooking
pit2 verb (pitted, pitting)  
1  [transitiveT]HOLE to put small marks or holes in the surface of something 使留下疤痕；使有凹陷
be pitted with something
 The whole street was pitted with potholes.
整条街道都坑坑洼洼的。
n Grammar
Pit is usually passive in this meaning.
2  [transitiveT] especially American EnglishAmEDFC to take out the single hard seed inside some fruits 除去…的核 SYN stone
 Peel and pit two avocados.
把两个鳄梨削皮去核。
3. [intransitiveI] American EnglishAmE to stop in a car race to get petrol or have your car repaired 〔赛车中途〕停车加油，停车检修
4 pit somebody/something against somebody/something phrasal verbphr v COMPETE WITH/TRY TO BEATto test someone’s strength, ability, power etc in a competition or fight against someone or something else 使与…竞争，使相斗
 We’ll be pitting our team against the champions.
我们队将和冠军队一争高下。
pit your wits against somebody (=compete against someone using your intelligence or knowledge) 和某人斗智
 Pit your wits against family or friends!
和家人或朋友斗智去吧！
pit yourself against something/somebody
 The men had to pit themselves against the forces of nature.
那些男人不得不对抗大自然的力量。
Examples from the Corpus
pit against • Surely he must have realised that he was pitting himself against a concern of considerable strength.• Jill and Oz will pit their wits against each other, as they try to identify mystery wines.• Why do they pit themselves against each other?• One hopes we will find a better way than pitting outsiders against outsiders.• The other women's quarters pitted Martina Hingis against Serena Williams, and Venus Williams against Amanda Coetzer.• Republicans had second thoughts about pitting him against the amiable Clinton, but it was too late in the primary game.• Like his father, when he pitted himself against the physical world, he could almost feel who he was.• The consolation Stableford event pits fathers against their offspring and who can blame the organisers for combining the Sparrows and the Larks.
pit your wits against somebody• Jill and Oz will pit their wits against each other, as they try to identify mystery wines.
5.pit out phrasal verbphr v American EnglishAmE informal HBHto sweat so much that your clothes become wet under your arms 汗水浸湿〔腋下的衣服〕
→ pitted
Examples from the Corpus
pit• Never in this century has the fight for the presidency pitted a congressional monarch against an incumbent president.• She was still quite ready for anything the Union chose to pit a gains her.• Leaders and managers who are trying to speed up the pace of change in their organizations will find themselves pitted against job-mindedness.• Colors of the rainbow sparkled in the spray, the ground was less pitted and dusty.• You could also add drained, pitted canned cherries.• Stainless steel cutlery Can discolour and pit if left coated with food, so use the pre-wash cycle.• CO2 pellets do not pit or cut the surface they are cleaning.• Andretti pitted with 16 laps left.• The street was pitted with potholes.
From Longman Business Dictionary
pitpit /pɪt/ noun [countableC] American EnglishAmE
1FINANCE an area of the floor of a financial market where buying and selling takes place and dealers speak directly to each otherSYN FLOOR, TRADING FLOOR
the currency pit of the Chicago Commodity Exchange
the most active trader in the world’s most active futures-trading pit
2a mine, especially a coal mine
We have no choice but to close unprofitable pits.
Origin pit1
1. Old English pytt
2. (1800-1900) Dutch
pit1 nounpit2 verb →n GRAMMAR1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2882 COCA: 3857
pit

noun¹

 1hole洞ADJECTIVE | VERB + PIT ADJECTIVE➤deep, shallow深坑；淺坑▸➤bottomless無底洞▸➤black, dark黑洞洞的坑▸➤chalk, gravel, tar白堊礦場；沙礫場；（天然）瀝青坑◇a disused gravel pit廢棄的採石坑VERB + PIT➤dig挖坑
pit

noun²

 2coal mine煤礦ADJECTIVE | VERB + PIT | PIT + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤open露天礦◇They extract the mineral from open pits.他們在露天礦裏開採礦物。VERB + PIT➤go down (BrE) 下礦井◇He went down the pit at the age of fifteen.他 15 歲就下礦井了。PIT + NOUN➤village (BrE) 礦井村◇There's no more work in these pit villages.這些礦井村裏再沒有活兒幹了。➤closure礦井關閉PREPOSITION➤in a/the pit在礦井裏◇Most boys in the town worked in the pits.鎮上的大多數男孩在礦井裏工作。
pit

noun³

 3 (especially NAmE) of fruit水果ADJECTIVE | VERB + PIT ADJECTIVE➤apricot, peach, etc.杏核、桃核等VERB + PIT➤remove去掉核
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2882 COCA: 3857
pit noun
⇨ grain (cherry/peach pits) ⇨ hole 2 (dig a pit)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2882 COCA: 3857

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