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BNC: 79 COCA: 86
first det., adj.
⇨ first (first impressions) ⇨ top (first prize) first

determiner

,

adjective

first ♦︎ initial ♦︎ original ♦︎ preliminary ♦︎ opening ♦︎ earliest ♦︎ primary ♦︎ introductory ♦︎ preparatoryThese words all describe sth that happens or exists at the beginning. 這些詞均表示最初的、開始的、最早的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆preliminary / preparatory to sth◆the first / initial / preliminary / opening / earliest / primary / introductory / preparatory stage◆first / initial / original / preliminary / opening / introductory remarks◆a first / an initial / an original / a preliminary estimate / draft / version◆the first / initial / preliminary / introductory / preparatory meeting◆a first / an initial / a preliminary step / appointment / visit◆the first / opening / introductory chapter / paragraph◆the initial / the original / a preliminary / a preparatory study◆the initial / original / preliminary findings■ first

determiner

(of a person or thing) happening or coming before all other similar things or people; 1st 第一◆his first wife他的第一任妻子◆King Richard I (= said as 'King Richard the First') 英王理查一世◆It was the first time they had ever met.這是他們初次見面。◆She resolved to do it at the first opportunity.她決定一有機會就去做。◆First impressions can be misleading.最初的印象有時會誤導人。◆You can have first choice of all the rooms.所有房間由你優先挑選。◆We're having chicken for the first course.我們的第一道菜是雞肉。OPP last ⇨ last 1 , last ⇨ last 2 ▸ first

adverb

◆First I had to decide what to wear.首先我得決定穿什麽。◆Who came first in the race (= who won)?賽跑誰得第一？▸ at first

idiom

◆At first I thought she was joking but then I realized she meant it.起先我以爲她在開玩笑，但随後意識到她是認真的。◆I didn't like the job much at first.起初我並不太喜歡這個工作。■ initial ɪˈnɪʃl [only before noun] happening at the beginning; first 最初的；開始的；第一的◆My initial reaction was to decline the offer.我最初的反應是想要謝絕這個提議。◆It is the initial preparation that takes the time.花時間的是最初的準備工作。◆There is an initial payment of £60 followed by ten instalments of £25.首期付款60英鎊，接下來還有十次25英鎊的分期付款。ⓘ Initial is used especially to talk about a reaction or feeling that does not last very long * initial尤用以描述持續時間不太長的反應或感覺◆By 1960 the initial optimism had evaporated.到1960年時，最初的樂觀主義已經消失了。◆sb's initial response / impression / instinct / shock / surprise / enthusiasm / euphoria / excitement / scepticism / reluctance某人最初的反應／印象／本能／震驚／驚詫／熱情／興奮／激動／懷疑／不情願; about a stage in a process 還可形容過程中的一個階段◆the initial stage / phase / step / planning / preparation初始階段／時期；第一步；最初的計劃／準備; or about paying or spending money. 亦可描述付款或花費◆the initial investment / payment / outlay首期投資／付款；初期項目經費 OPP final ⇨ last 1 ▸ initially

adverb

◆My contract is initially for three years.我的合同最初訂了三年。◆Initially, the system worked well.開始時系統運轉良好。■ original [only before noun] existing at the beginning of a particular period, process or activity, especially before being changed into sth else 原來的，起初的，原本的（尤指後來發生了變化）◆The room still has many of its original features.房間還保留着當初的許多特點。◆I think you should go back to your original plan.我認爲你應該回頭執行你原來的計劃。▸ originally

adverb

◆The school was originally very small.這所學校一開始很小。◆He comes originally from Peru.他原本來自秘魯。■ preliminary prɪˈlɪmɪnəri; NAmE prɪˈlɪmɪnerihappening before a more important action or event, especially by introducing or preparing for it 預備性的；初步的；前期的◆After a few preliminary remarks he announced the winners.說了幾句開場白後，他即宣布優勝者名單。◆This is just a pilot study preliminary to a full-scale study.這只是進行全面研究之前的試驗性研究。■ opening [only before noun](especially of sth that sb says or writes, or a piece of music, etc.) happening at the beginning （尤指講話或文字作品、樂曲等）開始的，開篇的◆She was humming the opening bars of a song she had heard on the radio.她正哼着在收音機裏聽過的一首歌的開頭幾句。◆United scored in the opening minutes of the game.比賽一開場沒幾分鐘聯隊就得分了。OPP closing ⇨ last 1   see also opening ⇨ start noun , open ⇨ begin verb ■ earliest the nearest to the beginning of an event or period of time 最早的◆The earliest description of this species dates from 1816.對這一物種最早的描述可以追溯到1816年。◆The earliest possible date I can make is the third.我能定下來的最早的日期是3號。■ primary ˈpraɪməri; NAmE ˈpraɪmeri [usually before noun] (formal or technical 術語) developing or happening first; earliest 最初的；最早的◆The disease is still in its primary stage.這病尚處於初始階段。◆It is not self-evident what the primary causes of this phenomenon are.這種現象最初的原因是什麽，並非顯而易見。  see also primary ⇨ main ■ introductory ˌɪntrəˈdʌktəri written or said at the beginning of sth as an introduction to what follows; intended as an introduction to a subject or activity for people who have never done it before 引導的；介紹的；入門的◆The booklist at the end of the chapter contains some introductory reading on the subject.章節末尾的書單列出了一些有關該主題的導讀材料。◆I took an introductory class in psychology during my first year at college.我大學一年級時修了一門心理學基礎課程。   see also introduction ⇨ basics , introduction ⇨ introduction 2 ■ preparatory prɪˈpærətri; NAmE prɪˈpærətɔːri [only before noun] (especially BrE, formal) done in order to prepare for sth 預備的；作準備的◆After a few preparatory drawings, she completed the portrait in one session.試畫了幾幅之後，她一氣呵成地完成了這幅肖像。◆Security checks had been carried out preparatory to (= to prepare for) the President's visit.爲迎接總統來訪，已預先進行了安全檢查。   see also preparation ⇨ planning , prepare ⇨ prepare 1 , prepare ⇨ prepare 2

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