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IELTS BNC: 1894 COCA: 1791

soil

Word family 
Related topics: Soil, Gardening
soil1 /sɔɪl/ ●●● W2 noun  
1  [countableC, uncountableU]TASDLG the top layer of the earth in which plants grow 土壤，土地，泥土 SYN earth
n fertile soil (=good for growing crops)
 The soil here is very poor (=not good for growing crops).
这里的土壤很贫瘠。
 Roses grow well in a clay soil.
蔷薇适宜在黏质土中生长。
► see thesaurus at ground →5 see picture at 见图 tree
2  on British/French/foreign etc soil formalSAN in Britain, France etc 在英国/法国/外国等的土地上
 The crime was committed on American soil.
这桩罪案发生在美国。
Examples from the Corpus
on British/French/foreign etc soil• He was not a man to show public affection on foreign soil.• Will your grandchildren forgive us, Erich, if we surrender our armies on foreign soil without a fight?
3  [uncountableU] a place or situation where something can develop 〔可供某物发展的〕土壤，温床
 Eastern Europe provided fertile soil for political activists.
东欧为政治活跃分子提供了肥沃的土壤。
4. somebody’s native soil literarySAN your own country 某人的故土[祖国]
5  the soil literaryTAAL farming as a job or way of life 务 农，种地为生
 They make their living from the soil.
他们以务农为生。
Examples from the Corpus
the soil• Medieval peasants were bound to the soil.
n COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + soil
good/rich/fertile (=good for growing plants)
The fertile soil produces delicious wines.
poor (=not good for growing plants)
If the soil is poor, add manure or compost.
deep
The soil near the river is rich and deep.
thin (=not deep)
The thin soil is easily washed away.
moist/dry
Keep the soil moist.
The soil was dry after three weeks without rain.
light/sandy (=containing a lot of sand)
Some plants prefer sandy soils.
heavy/clay (=containing a lot of clay)
The soil was too heavy to grow decent carrots.
well-drained (=letting water pass through easily)
Plant the seedlings out in a warm, sunny position in well-drained soil.
acid/alkaline
Blueberries need acid soil.
garden soil
Try planting them in compost rather than garden soil.
verbs
work the soil (=prepare the soil to grow plants)
They worked the soil with hoes and forks.
till the soil (=prepare the soil to grow crops)
Their time is spent in constantly tilling the soil.
n THESAURUS
soil the top layer of the earth that plants grow in
Roses do best in well-drained, slightly acid soil.
earth the brown substance that the ground is made up of
Thousands of tons of earth were moved to build the dam.
dirt American EnglishAmE loose dry earth
a pile of loose dirt in the wheelbarrow
dust a dry powder made up of extremely small bits of earth or sand
A cloud of dust billowed out behind the tractor.
mud wet soil that has become soft and sticky
The dog came back covered in mud.
Examples from the Corpus
soil• soil and water pollution• Star fruit trees like well-draining, moist and slightly acid soil.• Roses do best in well-drained, slightly acid soil.• Other considerations for siting Neolithic settlements included good water and soil, and convenient pasture land for newly domesticated animals.• This was the first time that the Pope had set foot on Cuban soil.• Most herbs grow well in dry soil.• Right-wing activists found fertile soil for their anti-immigrant ideas in southeastern regions.• Parsley should have a deep, moist, fertile soil for ideal growth.• The island was a jungle of palm trees in a sandy soil.• A stable soil soaks up water, and allows acid to break up bedrock and create more soil.• This can be promoted by burning which removes woody tissue and locally enriches the soil.• A few infections arise from inanimate sources: for example, pathogens that cause tetanus are harboured in the soil.• The treaty will be signed on US soil.• The limiting factor for early planting is more often waterlogged soil than cold temperatures.
fertile soil• Once you get a fertile soil, the bully boys tend to take over and only about half a dozen plants flourish.• It appreciates an acidic, fertile soil that drains well.• These tender plants like a moist, well-draining and fertile soil.• This new and fertile soil rapidly developed her character and painting style.• They do best in a deep, fertile soil that is well drained, but does not seriously dry out.• And it is fertile soil for a severe economic downturn in the post-cold war world economy.• Quince C Semi-dwarfing, used for strong-growing types, needs fertile soil.• Agriculture flourished on the fertile soils of Kosovo and Metohija.
soil2 verb [transitiveT]  
1. formalDIRTY to make something dirty, especially with waste from your body 〔尤指用人的排泄物〕弄脏，弄污
2  not soil your hands BAD BEHAVIOUR OR ACTIONSto not do something because you consider it too unpleasant or dishonest 不玷污双手〔指不做令人不快或不诚实的事〕
 Keep your money – I wouldn’t soil my hands with it.
把你的钱留着吧，我可不愿意被它玷污了双手。
Examples from the Corpus
not soil your hands• Keep your drug money - I wouldn't want to soil my hands with it.
—soiled adjectiveadj
 soiled diapers
脏尿布
Examples from the Corpus
soil• Many of the pages had been soiled by the old man's dirty fingers.• soiled diapers• The baby had soiled her diaper again.• The man then soiled his bed. and Butler cleaned and changed him again.• He sometimes gets his shoes soiled in trying to stay out of the muck.• Is the bark naturally as black as it is now, or has the dirt from the air soiled it?• This would be soiled over to give a better finish than presently shown.• Fremont Elementary was old and soiled, waiting for terminal erosion like the bits of tire debris that trucks leave on freeways.• His shirtfront was soiled with blood and his hair was wild.• What good is there in preventing it, in soiling your daughter's reputation when it could remain clear?
Origin soil1
(1200-1300) Anglo-French “piece of ground”, from Latin solium “seat”; influenced by Latin solum “ground, soil”
 soil2
(1200-1300) Old French soiller, from soil “pigsty”, probably from Latin suile, from sus “pig”
soil1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1 →n THESAURUS1soil2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 1894 COCA: 1791
soil

noun¹

 1earth泥土ADJECTIVE | VERB + SOIL | SOIL + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤deep厚土▸➤shallow, thin淺土；薄土▸➤fertile, good, rich肥土；肥沃的土壤▸➤infertile, poor瘠土；貧瘠的土地▸➤light輕質土壤▸➤heavy黏重土壤▸➤loose鬆散的土壤➤compacted夯實的土▸➤dry乾土▸➤damp, moist, waterlogged, wet濕土；漬水土壤◇Keep the soil moist and fertilize weekly.保持土壤濕潤，並且每週施一次肥。➤well-drained排水良好的土壤▸➤acid, acidic酸性土（壤）▸➤alkaline鹼性土（壤）▸➤contaminated污染的土壤▸➤top (usually topsoil) 表土➤potting (NAmE) 盆栽土◇She bought a bag of potting soil.她買了一袋盆栽土。➤chalky, clay, clayey, loam, loamy, peaty白堊質土壤；黏土；黏質土；壤土；泥炭土◇Rich loamy soils produce the largest leeks.肥沃的壤土上長出的韭葱最大。➤rocky, sandy, stony石質土；沙質土▸➤alluvial, desert, forest, garden, volcanic沖積土；荒漠土；森林土壤；園林土壤；火山土壤VERB + SOIL➤cultivate, enrich, improve耕作土地；使土壤肥沃；改善土壤▸➤dig, dig in, dig up, till, turn, work挖土；犁地；翻土；耕地◇fields of newly turned soil剛翻過的土地◇The clay soils of the region are difficult to work.這個地區的黏土很難耕種。➤fertilize為土壤施肥▸➤drain為土壤排水▸➤loosen鬆土SOIL + NOUN➤conservation土壤保護▸➤degradation, erosion土壤退化／侵蝕▸➤conditions, fertility, quality土壤狀況／肥力／質量◇declining soil fertility衰退的土壤肥力➤moisture土壤濕度➤temperature土壤溫度▸➤type土壤類型▸➤surface土壤表層➤sample土壤樣本◇Soil samples taken from the site revealed massive amounts of radiation.此處得到的土壤樣本顯示有大量輻射。➤science, scientist土壤科學／科學家PREPOSITION➤in (the) soil在土壤中◇The flowers do well in sandy soil.這些花在沙土中長得好。
soil

noun²

 2part of a country國土ADJECTIVE | VERB + SOIL | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤native故土▸➤foreign異國➤American, British, etc.美國、英國等國土VERB + SOIL➤set foot on踏上國土◇the place where she first set foot on Canadian soil她第一次踏上加拿大國土的地方PREPOSITION➤on...soil在⋯的領土上◇protests over the siting of nuclear weapons on British soil針對在英國領土部署核武器的抗議PHRASES➤on home soil (sport體育, especially BrE) 在國土上◇England's first defeat on home soil against Australia英格蘭隊在主場對陣澳大利亞隊的首次失利
IELTS BNC: 1894 COCA: 1791
soil noun
⇨ soil (plant in damp soil) ⇨ floor 1 (on Canadian soil) soil

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for land 2 另见land条第2义soil ♦︎ mud ♦︎ dust ♦︎ clay ♦︎ land ♦︎ earth ♦︎ dirt ♦︎ ground ♦︎ peatThese are all words for the top layer of the earth in which plants grow. 这些词均表示土壤、泥土、土地。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆dry soil / mud / dust / clay / land / earth / dirt / ground / peat◆wet / soft soil / mud / clay / earth / dirt / ground / peat◆damp / moist soil / clay / earth / dirt / ground / peat◆heavy soil / mud / clay / land / dirt / ground◆marshy soil / land / ground◆sandy soil / earth / dirt / ground◆good / rich soil / land / earth / peat◆fertile / infertile / poor soil / land / ground◆to dig the soil / mud / clay / land / earth / ground / peat◆to cultivate / till / fertilize / drain the soil / land / ground■ soil [uncountable, countable] the top layer of the earth in which plants grow 泥土；土壤◆Plant the seedlings in damp soil.把秧苗种在潮湿的土壤里。◆Cutting down forest trees can lead to serious soil erosion.砍伐森林会导致严重的水土流失。◆the study of rocks and soils对岩石和土壤的研究  see also soil ⇨ floor 1 ■ mud [uncountable] wet soil that is soft and sticky 泥；淤泥；泥浆◆The car wheels got stuck in the mud.汽车轮子陷在淤泥里了。◆Your boots are covered in mud.你的靴子上都是泥。◆They live in mud huts with grass roofs.他们住的是茅草铺顶的土坯屋。  see also muddy ⇨ dirty ■ dust [uncountable] a fine powder that consists of very small pieces of rock, earth, etc. 沙土；尘土◆A cloud of dust rose as the truck set off.卡车开走时扬起一片沙尘。◆They rolled in the dust, fighting.他们在沙土里翻滚打架。◆The workers wear masks to stop them from inhaling the dust.工人戴着面罩以免吸入尘土。▸ dusty

adjective

◆They plodded along the dusty road.他们拖着沉重的脚步走在尘土飞扬的路上。■ clay [uncountable] a type of heavy sticky soil that becomes hard when it is baked and is used to make things such as pots and bricks 黏土；陶土◆Not much can grow in the wet clay here.在这里的湿黏土里种庄稼收成不多。◆She moulded the clay into the shape of a head.她把陶土做成一个人头的形状。■ land [uncountable] an area of ground, especially of a particular type （尤指某类型的）地带，土地◆an area of rich, fertile land一片丰腴的土地◆His family had worked the land for generations (= grown crops or raised animals on it).他家祖祖辈辈在这块土地上耕种。◆They own a small plot of land.他们拥有一小块土地。  see also land ⇨ floor 1 , land ⇨ land noun 1 2 ■ earth [uncountable] the substance that plants grow in 土；泥；泥土◆She put a couple of handfuls of earth into the pot.她将几把泥土装到花盆里。◆In the air was the smell of freshly dug earth.空气中弥漫着刚刚翻松过的泥土的气味。ⓘ Earth is often used to talk about the soil found in gardens or used for gardening. * earth常指花园里的土壤或园艺用土。   see also earth ⇨ floor 1 ▸ earthy

adjective

◆earthy colours / smells泥土的颜色／气味■ dirt [uncountable] (especially NAmE) soil, especially loose soil 泥土；（尤指）松土，散土◆He picked up a handful of dry dirt.他抓起一把干土。◆Pack the dirt firmly around the plants.把植物周围的土培实。◆They lived in a shack with a dirt floor.他们住在一间土地面的棚屋里。■ ground [uncountable] an area of soil 土地◆Dig a hole in the ground about ten inches across.在地上挖一个宽约10英寸的坑。◆There was a small patch of ground at the side of the cottage.村舍旁边有一小片土地。ⓘ Ground is not used to talk about loose soil. * ground不指松土◆a handful of dry ground   see also ground ⇨ floor 1 ■ peat [uncountable] a soft black or brown substance formed from decaying plants just under the surface of the ground, especially in cool wet areas. It can be used to improve garden soil or burned as a fuel. 泥煤；泥炭◆Dig some peat into the soil before planting.种植前把一些泥炭掺到土壤里。◆a peat bog (= the place where peat is naturally formed) 泥炭沼▸ peaty

adjective

◆peaty soils泥炭土
IELTS BNC: 1894 COCA: 1791
soil
Soil and earth: alluvium, clay, clod...
General words for farming, and types of farming: agrarian, agribusiness, agricultural...
To make things dirty: dirty, pollute, smear...
Dirty: dirty, filthy, messy...

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