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BNC: 3005 COCA: 3083

nerve

Word family 
Related topics: Biology, Psychology, psychiatry
nerve1 /nɜːv $ nɜːrv/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun  
1  WORRIED FEELINGS 担心的情绪nerves [plural]NERVOUS
a) used to talk about someone being worried or frightened 焦虑；恐惧
somebody’s nerves are on edge/in tatters/frayed (=someone feels very worried or frightened) 某人非常焦虑[恐惧]
calm/steady your nerves (=stop yourself feeling worried or frightened) 定神/稳住情绪
 Sean drank a large glass of brandy to calm his nerves.
肖恩喝了一大杯白兰地，好让自己定定神。
be a bundle/bag of nerves (=be extremely worried or frightened) 极度焦虑[恐惧]
 I remember you were a bundle of nerves on your wedding day.
我记得你在婚礼那天紧张极了。
b) the feeling of being worried or a little frightened 紧张[担心]的情绪
 A lot of people suffer from nerves before they go on stage.
很多人登台之前都觉得紧张。
 ‘What’s wrong with Rachel?’ ‘It’s just nerves. She’s got her driving test tomorrow.’
“蕾切尔怎么啦？”“只是紧张，她明天要参加驾驶考试。
exam/first-night etc nerves 考试/首场演出等的紧张
Examples from the Corpus
nerves• "What's wrong with Troy?" "It's just nerves. His driving test is tomorrow."
2  body part 身体部分 [countableC]HBMP nerves are parts inside your body which look like threads and carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body 神经
 a condition which affects the nerves in the back
影响背部神经的疾病
trapped nerve British EnglishBrE, pinched nerve American EnglishAmE (=a nerve that has been crushed between two muscles etc, causing pain) 被压迫的神经
3  courage 勇气 [uncountableU]BRAVE courage and confidence in a dangerous, difficult, or frightening situation 镇定；勇气；意志力
the nerve to do something
 Not many people have the nerve to stand up and speak in front of a large audience.
不是很多人都有勇气站在一大群人面前讲话。
 She finally found the nerve to tell him she wanted a divorce.
她终于鼓起勇气告诉他自己想离婚。
 It takes a lot of nerve to report a colleague for sexual harassment.
要举报同事的性骚扰行为需要很大的勇气。
lose your nerve (=suddenly become very nervous so that you cannot do what you intended to do) 失去勇气
 Jensen would’ve won if he hadn’t lost his nerve.
詹森要不是气馁，就能赢了。
hold/keep your nerve (=remain calm in a difficult situation) 保持镇静
 It’s hard to keep your nerve when people keep interrupting you.
不断被人干扰时你很难保持镇静。
4  get on somebody’s nerves informalANNOY if someone gets on your nerves, they annoy you, especially by doing something all the time 烦扰某人；使某人心神不定
 She’s always moaning. It really gets on my nerves.
她老是在哼哼唧唧的，真令我心烦。
Examples from the Corpus
get on somebody’s nerves• Angry Dear Angry: We can understand how these kids can get on your nerves.• I hope Emma isn't going to be there - she really gets on my nerves.• They really get on my nerves.• But things now were really getting on his nerves.• His son got on his nerves all the time.• As much as they got on her nerves, still she could not bring herself to talk behind their backs.• The noise from the apartment upstairs was beginning to get on my nerves.• This is really starting to get on my nerves.• Nick's whining is really starting to get on my nerves.• Everyone was getting on each other's nerves, and there was tension all the time.• The noise and the smell were getting on his nerves.
5  lack of respect 缺乏尊敬 [singular] spoken if you say someone has a nerve, you mean that they have done something unsuitable or impolite, without seeming to be embarrassed about behaving in this way 厚颜；鲁莽；冒失 SYN cheek
 He’s got a nerve asking for more money.
他居然有脸要更多的钱。
 ‘She didn’t say sorry or anything.’ ‘What a nerve!’
她没有说任何道歉的话。”“真不要脸！”
have the nerve to do something
 She lets me do all the work, and then she has the nerve to criticize my cooking.
所有的活儿她都让我来干，然后竟还有脸挑剔我的厨艺。
6  touch/hit a (raw) nerve to mention something that makes someone upset, angry, or embarrassed, especially accidentally 〔尤指无心地〕触到敏感话题；触到痛处
 Without realizing, he had touched a raw nerve.
无意间他触到了别人的痛处。
Examples from the Corpus
touch/hit a (raw) nerve• They also touched a nerve of public anxiety.• Our article touched a raw nerve.• Q: Why has that era hit a nerve with people now?• The theatrical farce touches a nerve.• I had finally touched a nerve.• The subject of hawkers had touched a raw nerve.• The charge has hit a nerve, persuading the company to earmark 265 Levantine buildings for special restoration.• The wide current appeal of such music seems to touch a nerve of communal masochism.
7  nerves of steel the ability to be brave and calm in a dangerous or difficult situation 坚强的意志；沉着冷静
 The job requires nerves of steel.
做这份工作需要有坚强的意志。
Examples from the Corpus
nerves of steel• It calls for consummate timing and nerves of steel.• He had either nerves of steel or brains of custard, because he had fallen asleep during the last flight.• The man had nerves of steel and didn't need anyone's good wishes.• Raccoons these days, they have nerves of steel.• You need nerves of steel to be a race-car driver.
→ strain every nerve at strain2(6)
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1:
verbs
calm/steady somebody's nerves (=make someone feel less worried or nervous)
She took a few deep breaths, trying to calm her nerves.
settle/soothe somebody's nerves (=make someone feel less worried or nervous)
She hoped that a cup of tea would soothe her nerves.
suffer from nerves (=often feel worried or nervous)
He suffered from nerves and could no longer perform on stage.
your nerves jangle (=you feel extremely nervous or worried)
Suddenly she was wide awake, her nerves jangling.
NOUN + nerves
exam nerves
Quite a few of the students suffered from exam nerves.
first-night nerves (=before the first night of a performance)
She always suffered from first-night nerves.
phrases
somebody's nerves are on edge (=they feel nervous or worried about what might happen)
His nerves were on edge as he entered the dark room.
somebody's nerves are tattered/frayed/shattered (=they feel very nervous or worried)
Everyone's nerves were frayed by the end of the week.
somebody's nerves are stretched (to breaking point) (=they feel very nervous or worried)
Her nerves were stretched almost to breaking point as she waited.
be a bag/bundle of nerves (=to feel extremely nervous or worried)
I was a bag of nerves during the interview.
be shaking with nerves (=to be extremely nervous)
Just before the audition he was shaking with nerves.
be in a state of nerves (=to be in a nervous condition)
She was in such a state of nerves that she jumped at every noise.
an attack of nerves (=a time when you feel very nervous)
Harrison had an attack of nerves before the match.
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 3: courage and confidence in a dangerous, difficult, or frightening situation
verbs
have the nerve to do something
I just didn't have the nerve to tell them the truth.
find the nerve to do something
He couldn't find the nerve to ask her out.
hold/keep your nerve (=remain calm and confident in a difficult situation)
The team held their nerve and went on to win.
lose your nerve (=suddenly lose the courage or confidence to do something)
I wanted to ask him the question, but I lost my nerve.
test somebody's nerve (=test whether someone will have the courage to do something difficult)
The next few days would test their nerve to the limit.
somebody's nerve fails (him/her) (=someone suddenly loses the courage or confidence to do something)
At the last moment, her nerve failed her.
somebody's nerve breaks (=someone loses the courage to do something or continue something)
The police hoped his nerve would break and he'd give himself away.
phrases
it takes nerve to do something (=something requires a lot of courage or confidence)
It takes nerve to stand up for what you believe.
a failure/loss of nerve (=a situation in which someone lacks the courage to do something)
They accused the government of a loss of nerve.
Examples from the Corpus
nerve• I injured a nerve in my foot playing volleyball.• All nerve fibres and terminals present seemed normal in number and morphology.• Hypothyroidism may affect equilibrium by its effect on the eighth cranial nerve and on the peripheral nerves.• You got a lot of nerve.• It takes a lot of nerve to report a colleague for sexual harassment.• In a scary situation like that you need someone with plenty of nerve.• This is not only simplistic but it is even ignorant of pain-provoking peripheral nerve fibres now known to exist in man.• After a three day siege the kidnapper's nerve failed and he gave himself up to the police.• Chiropractic Practitioners deal with the structural relationships between the nerve tissues and the spinal column.• The Sporting News recently had the nerve to name Woods the most powerful man in all of sports.• But too much plaid gets on the nerves.• Finally I got up the nerve to check him into the state treatment center up north.
trapped nerve• The strong-running Kiwi has been out for around five weeks after a trapped nerve in his back.• But I've now got a trapped nerve in my neck.• The plaintiff suffered a trapped nerve after a hernia operation.• She consulted the defendant specialist who performed an operation to free the trapped nerve.
the nerve to do something• Besides, Meriwether was probably the only trader with both the cash and the nerve to play.• Only one investor found the nerve to find fault with what the vast majority considered to be an excellent performance in 1991.• All that property he own and had the nerve to get mad when I bought this.• Back in 1988 he had the nerve to raise interest rates on the eve of the Republican convention.• Now he had the nerve to go back on his word.• This party had the nerve to announce his shameful embarrassments to all the world!• The Sporting News recently had the nerve to name Woods the most powerful man in all of sports.• Yet, even knowing this, it was a strain on the nerves to watch that giant globe ballooning minute by minute.
got a nerve• The hon. Gentleman has got a nerve.• He's got a nerve to make such comments, Lucy told herself crossly.• She's got a nerve, banging on at me about not caring.
nerve2 verb  
nerve yourself to do something/for something BRAVEto force yourself to be brave enough to do something 鼓起勇气做某事
 The parachutist nerved himself for the jump.
跳伞者鼓足勇气准备往下跳。
Examples from the Corpus
nerve yourself to do something/for something• Finally she nerved herself to go and have a drink.• Ruth clenched her hands inside her cloak, nerving herself to follow him; but it was Fand who didn't move.
Examples from the Corpus
nerve• All the way home, pedalling furiously, she had been nerving herself for this confrontation.• Ruth clenched her hands inside her cloak, nerving herself to follow him; but it was Fand who didn't move.
Origin nerve1
(1300-1400) Latin nervus
nerve1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1 →n COLLOCATIONS2nerve2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
BNC: 3005 COCA: 3083
nerve

noun¹

 1in the body身體ADJECTIVE | VERB + NERVE | NERVE + VERB | NERVE + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤pinched, trapped (BrE) 受壓迫的神經➤sensitive敏感的神經➤damaged受損的神經➤facial, optic, sciatic, spinal, etc.面神經、視神經、坐骨神經、脊神經等➤peripheral外周神經➤sensory感覺神經VERB + NERVE➤damage, pinch, strain, trap (BrE) 損壞／擠壓／損傷／壓迫神經◇He damaged a nerve in his spine.他脊柱內有一根神經損傷了。➤sever切斷神經➤stimulate刺激神經NERVE + VERB➤go, lead, run神經通向；神經連接到◇The nerve runs from the eye to the brain.這一神經連接眼睛和大腦。➤transmit sth神經傳導⋯◇The nerves transmit pain.這些神經傳導痛覺。➤supply sth神經提供⋯➤control sth神經控制⋯◇The vagus nerve controls heart rate and breathing.迷走神經控制着心率和呼吸。NERVE + NOUN➤bundle, cell, ending, fibre/fiber, sheath, tissue神經束；神經細胞；神經末梢；神經纖維；神經鞘；神經組織➤pathway神經通路➤activity, function神經活動／機能➤impulse, signal神經衝動／信號➤stimulation神經刺激➤damage, injury神經損傷／受損➤disease, dysfunction, paralysis神經疾病／功能障礙／麻痹➤pain神經疼痛➤gas神經性毒氣PREPOSITION➤along a/the nerve沿着神經◇The message travels along the nerve to the brain.信號沿神經傳入大腦。➤nerve in在⋯的神經◇He's been off work with a trapped nerve in his back.他因背部神經受到壓迫而不再工作。➤nerve to通向⋯的神經◇Cutting the nerves to the stomach does not affect hunger.切斷通向胃部的神經不會影響飢餓感。PHRASES➤every nerve in sb's body全身的每一根神經◇Intense pain shot through every nerve in his body.一陣劇痛襲向他全身的每一根神經。➤hit a nerve, strike a (raw) nerve, touch a (raw) nerve (all figurative) 觸動神經；觸及要害；戳到痛處◇My remarks about divorce had unwittingly touched a raw nerve.我關於離婚的言論無意間觸到了別人的痛處。
nerve

noun²

 2nerves mental state精神狀態ADJECTIVE | VERB + NERVES | NERVES + VERB | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤steady穩定的精神狀態➤bad, frayed, frazzled, jangled, shattered, taut精神不佳；疲倦的精神狀態；煩躁不安的精神狀態；精疲力竭的狀態；繃緊的神經◇At the end of a day's teaching, her nerves were absolutely shattered.教了一天課，她精疲力竭。VERB + NERVES➤fray, stretch使精神疲憊；繃緊神經◇Her nerves were stretched to breaking point.她的神經高度緊張，到了崩潰的邊緣。NERVES + VERB➤be on edge緊張不安◇After the bomb, my nerves were on edge.轟炸過後，我緊張不安。➤be shot (informal) 神經崩潰◇Her nerves were shot from all the things happening around her.周遭發生的所有事情使得她的神經崩潰了。➤jangle神經受刺激◇His nerves jangled every time the phone rang.電話每次一響，他的神經都要緊張一次。➤get the better of sb某人感到緊張◇He uncharacteristically allowed nerves to get the better of him in yesterday's game.他在昨天的比賽中一反常態，顯得很緊張。PHRASES➤a battle of nerves, a war of nerves心理戰◇The union has been fighting a war of nerves with the management over pay.工會一直在為薪酬的事與資方進行心理戰。➤get on sb's nerves使某人心神不定◇His endless whining really gets on my nerves.他無休止的抱怨使我心情很煩躁。➤nerves of steel沉得住氣◇You need nerves of steel to be a good poker player.要想成為優秀的紙牌選手，你就得沉着應戰。➤a strain on sb's nerves使某人心力交瘁◇Caring for him while he was so ill has been a great strain on her nerves.照顧重病的他使她心力交瘁。
nerve

noun³

 3nerves nervous state緊張ADJECTIVE | VERB + NERVES | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤exam, first-night (BrE) 考試引起的緊張；初次登場的緊張◇I've never suffered from first-night nerves.我從未有過初次登場的緊張。➤jittery (NAmE) 緊張不安◇It gave me time to calm my jittery nerves before meeting her.這讓我在見她之前有時間穩定我緊張不安的神經。VERB + NERVES➤calm, control, ease, settle, soothe, steady克服／控制／減輕／鎮定／緩和／穩定緊張情緒◇She took a few deep breaths to calm her nerves.她做了幾個深呼吸來穩定緊張情緒。➤suffer from精神緊張PHRASES➤an attack of nerves精神緊張◇I had an attack of nerves just before I went on stage.登台前那一刻我感到非常緊張。➤a bag of nerves, a bundle of nerves十分緊張；極度焦慮◇By the time of the interview, I was a bundle of nerves.到面試時我十分緊張。
nerve

noun⁴

 4courage勇氣VERB + NERVE | NERVE + VERB | PHRASES VERB + NERVE➤have有勇氣◇I didn't have the nerve to ask.我沒有勇氣問。➤lack缺乏勇氣➤lose失去勇氣◇At the last minute she almost lost her nerve.在最後一刻她差點兒失去勇氣。➤keep保持勇氣◇He kept his nerve to win a thrilling game.他一直保持着勇氣，在這場扣人心弦的比賽中取得了勝利。➤find鼓足勇氣◇You must find the nerve to ask for more money.你必須鼓足勇氣要求加薪。➤gather, steel鼓起／增強勇氣◇Steeling my nerve, I jumped the first bar.我鼓起勇氣跳過了第一道橫杆。➤take需要勇氣◇It took a lot of nerve to stand up and speak.站出來說話是很需要勇氣的。NERVE + VERB➤break, fail (sb)勇氣喪失；（某人）沒有勇氣◇At the last moment her nerve failed her.最後一刻她喪失了勇氣。PHRASES➤a failure of nerve, a loss of nerve喪失勇氣▸➤a test of nerve對勇氣的考驗◇Singing in front of so many people was a real test of nerve.在這麼多人面前唱歌真是對一個人勇氣的考驗。
BNC: 3005 COCA: 3083
BNC: 3005 COCA: 3083
nerve
The brain and nervous system: amygdala, brain, brain cell...
Feelings of worry and nervousness: worry, concern, stress...
Bravery and brave behaviour: bravery, courage, daring...
Determination and ambition: determination, ambition, will...
Impolite and rude behaviour: discourtesy, insolence, presumption...
To make someone less nervous or upset: soothe, comfort, reassure...

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