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BNC: 523 COCA: 660

increase

Word family 
in·crease1 /ɪnˈkriːs/ ●●● S2 W1 verb  
[intransitiveI, transitiveT]INCREASE IN NUMBER OR AMOUNT if you increase something, or if it increases, it becomes bigger in amount, number, or degree 增加；增大；提高 OPP decrease, reduce
 The population increased dramatically in the first half of the century.
该世纪上半叶，人口大幅度增加。
 political tensions that might increase the likelihood of war
或许会增加战争爆发可能性的紧张政治局面
 Visits to the site have increased threefold since May.
来这里的参观者自5月起已增至原来的三倍。
increase in value/price/importance etc
 Investments are certain to increase in value.
投资一定会升值。
increase (something) by something
 Food prices increased by 10% in less than a year.
不到一年，食品价格就上涨了10%。
increase (something) from/to something
 The salary is £18,600 a year, increasing to £23,000.
薪水由每年18,600英镑增加到23,000英镑。
n Register
In everyday English, people usually say that an amount or level goes up rather than increases:
The population has gone up a lot.
Her investments all went up in value.
—increasing adjectiveadj
 the increasing difficulty of finding trained staff
寻找熟练工越来越难
 European leaders watched events unfold with increasing alarm.
眼看着事态一步步发展，欧洲领导人越来越恐慌。
—increased adjectiveadj
 an increased incidence of childhood leukaemia
儿童白血病的发病率越来越高
n Grammar
Increase belongs to a group of verbs where the same noun can be the subject of the verb or its object.
You can say:
They increased the price of gas.
In this sentence, ‘the price of gas’ is the object of increase.
You can say:
The price of gas increased.
In this sentence, ‘the price of gas’ is the subject of increase.
 THESAURUS
to increase 增加
increase to become larger in number, amount, or degree 增加，提高
Sales increased by 25%.
销售额增加了25%。
The level of violence has increased.
暴力升级。
go up to increase. Go up is less formal than increase, and is the usual verb to use in everyday English 上涨，增加〔常用于日常英语中，不如 increase 正式〕
The price of coffee has gone up.
咖啡价格上涨了。
rise to increase. Rise sounds a little formal and is often used when talking about the level of something increasing 提高，上升，增加〔稍正式，常用于指某事物水准上升〕
The demand for oil has been rising steadily.
对石油的需求持续增加。
Living standards have risen dramatically.
生活水准上升得极快。
grow to increase, especially gradually over a period of time – used about numbers or amounts 增长，提高〔尤指在一段时间内逐渐增长，用于指数字或数量〕
Since 1990, US imports of foreign goods have grown at a rate of 7.7% per year.
自1990年以来，美国的外国商品进口量以每年7.7%的速度增加。
nThe number of people working from home has grown substantially.
escalate to increase to a high level – used about things that you do not want to increase such as costs, crimes, or violence 增加，升高〔指达到很高的水平，用于费用、犯罪或暴力等不希望增加的事物〕
Fuel prices are escalating.
燃料价格不断上涨。
The fighting has escalated.
战斗升级了。
double/triple to become twice as much or three times as much 翻一番/增加两倍
Since 1950, the number of people dying from cancer has almost doubled.
自1950年以来，癌症死亡人数几乎增加了一倍。
nThe company’s profits tripled last quarter.
expand to become larger in size, or to include a wider range of activities 〔规模或范围〕扩大，增加
The business has expanded at a rate of 15% per year.
公司规模以每年15%的速度在扩大。
We are hoping to expand into mobile phone services.
我们希望能扩大到移动电话服务行业。
soar to increase and reach a very high level – used about numbers and amounts, or about feelings 〔尤指数字、数量或情绪〕猛增，骤增〔指达到很高水平〕
The temperature soared to 36.6 degrees Centigrade.
气温急升至36.6摄氏度。
His confidence soared.
他的自信骤增。
nThe singer’s popularity has soared.
shoot up to increase very quickly and suddenly – used about prices, numbers, or temperatures 〔价格、数字或温度〕猛增，骤增
Share prices shot up 30% over the last week.
上周股价暴涨了30%。
to make something increase 使某物增加
increase to make something larger in number, amount, or degree 增加，提高
Being overweight increases the risk of having a heart attack.
体重超标会增加患心脏病的危险。
We need to increase the number of police officers on the streets.
我们需要增加街头巡警的人数。
put something up to increase prices, taxes etc. Put something up is less formal than increase, and is the usual verb to use in everyday English 提高，增加〔不如 increase 正式，常用于日常英语〕
The landlord has put the rent up again.
房东再次提高了租金。
They’re always putting up gas prices.
他们老是涨煤气费。
raise to increase something such as prices or taxes, or levels or standards 提高，增加
The bank has raised interest rates for the third time this year.
银行今年已经是第三次提高利率了。
The school aims to raise students’ levels of achievement.
这所学校力求提高学生的成绩。
double/triple to increase the amount of something so that it is twice or three times as large 增加一倍/增加两倍
The airline plans to double the number of passengers it carries by 2015.
这家航空公司计划到2015年时使乘客人数翻一番。
High blood pressure triples the risk of strokes.
高血压使中风的危险增加了两倍。
boost to increase sales, profits, production etc, especially when they have been lower than you want them to be 促进，推动
Growing affluence has boosted sales.
生活日益富足促进了销售。
Oil exports boosted the economy.
石油出口推动了经济发展。
expand to increase something so that it contains a wider range of things, or to increase the size of a business 扩大，扩展，增加
The company plans to expand its retail operations.
公司计划扩展零售业务。
Supermarkets have expanded their ranges to include non-food items.
超市已把其商品范围扩大到非食品类。
extend to increase something such as your power or influence, or the number of things you are involved in 扩大，延伸
We are hoping to extend the range of services that we offer.
我们希望扩大我们的服务范围。
The company plans to extend its dominance of the world car market.
公司计划进一步提升其在世界汽车市场上的优势地位。
step up something to increase your efforts or activities, especially to change a situation 加强[提高]某事物
Security has been stepped up following the bombing.
炸弹袭击发生后安全措施升级。
nLocal people have stepped up their campaign to prevent a prison being built in their neighbourhood.
heighten to increase a feeling or effect 加重，提高
The attack has heightened concerns about racism in schools.
此次袭击加重了人们对校园内种族歧视的担忧。
nHunger can heighten the effect that alcohol has on you.
maximize to increase something as much as possible 使最大化
Businesses try to maximize efficiency and cut costs.
企业试图最大限度地提高效率并降低成本。
nTo maximize the chances of a successful pregnancy, you should make sure that you eat well.
Examples from the Corpus
increase• Gradually the noise and traffic increased as they approached the city.• Trade credit properly controlled can increase both your sales and your profits.• The price of cigarettes has increased by 30% in the last two years.• The cut in interest rates will help to increase confidence in the housing market.• Revenue and profits have increased dramatically this year.• Gate income won't exactly increase either over the remainder of what appears to be a relegation season.• The President's popularity has increased enormously in recent months.• Some analysts say the new law could increase expectations of an economic recovery.• Health care costs increased from £1.9 billion in 2000 to £4 billion in 2001.• Major league clubs have increased in number from 26 to 28.• The excitement is increasing inside the stadium as we wait for the teams to come out onto the field.• But there is no evidence, so far, that it plans to increase its total number of warheads.• The telephone company has had to increase its workforce by 10 percent.• The company has increased its workforce to 1,500 employees• a program to increase output by 14%• The government is increasing pressure on drug-traffickers.• Breeders can increase production by taking an egg away and putting it in an incubator to hatch.• Others, including Stead, attacked the bill for increasing the arbitrary power of the police on the streets.• The Clean Air Act would increase the cost of electric power in the Midwest.• The city plans to increase the number of public housing units.• The party aims to increase the number of women elected to Congress.• High alcohol consumption increases the risk of liver disease.• Women can not increase their fecundity by taking more mates; men can.• Hormone levels increase throughout pregnancy.• The number of high school students using LSD has increased to its highest level since 1986.• The imposition of martial law will only increase violence and repression.• The melting point increases with depth in the Earth because of the increasing pressure.
increased dramatically• However, during the same time, expenses increased dramatically.• Two years ago, once-stagnant rents started to skyrocket, and the value of his duplex increased dramatically.• As they started to walk on that first day the temperature increased dramatically and continued to do so.• Revenues and profits increased dramatically, and Mega achieved its 1984 plan.• Fuel costs increased dramatically during the mid-1970s and have remained high ever since, and this adversely affects many old people.• But police activity has increased dramatically in the last week.• The numbers have increased dramatically recently: until 1977 fewer than 10 a year died but by 1988 it was 130.• Immigration increased dramatically, though to the countries they tried to immigrate, the wolf-men were as welcome as wolves usually are.
in·crease2 /ˈɪnkriːs/ ●●● S2 W1 noun [countableC, uncountableU]  
INCREASE IN ACTIVITY, FEELINGS ETCa rise in amount, number, or degree 增加，增多；增长 OPP decrease
increase in
 an increase in the crime rate
犯罪率的上升
 Recent tax increases have affected the poor more than the rich.
新近的增税对穷人的影响比对富人的大。
 the dramatic increase in the population aged over 65
65岁以上人口的急剧增加
 There has been a marked increase in the use of firearms.
使用枪支的人数显著增加了。
 Cases of tuberculosis are on the increase.
结核病病例越来越多。
n COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
big/large
The company has announced a big increase in its profits for last year.
slight/small
Doctors have reported a slight increase in the number of deaths caused by the disease.
The temperature increase was quite small.
great (=big)
There has been a great increase in air traffic in the last twenty years.
huge/massive (=very big)
There was a huge increase in emigration after the war.
substantial/considerable formal (=quite big)
He negotiated a substantial increase in pay for the workers.
significant/marked (=definite and noticeable)
Over the last few years, there has been a marked increase in tourism to developing countries.
dramatic/sharp (=large and sudden)
What has led to this dramatic increase in prices?
rapid (=happening quickly)
Recently there has been a rapid increase in fish farming.
modest (=small)
The figures reveal a modest increase in the birth rate.
gradual (=happening slowly)
Her temperature chart showed a gradual increase over the preceding six hours.
steady (=happening slowly but continuously)
The university has benefited from a steady increase in student numbers.
a threefold/fourfold/fivefold etc increase (=an increase by three, four etc times)
The figures show a threefold increase in incidents of car theft.
a 10%/50% etc increase
A 5% increase in petrol prices is predicted.
an annual increase
The company reported a 10% increase in pre-tax profits.
verbs
lead to an increase
They argue that the abolition of the death penalty has led to an increase in the number of murders.
cause/bring about an increase
The heat wave brought about a massive increase in water consumption.
NOUN + increase
a price increase
We expect a price increase of 1.4% this year.
a fare increase
The airline instituted a 10% fare increase.
a wage/pay/salary increase
Canadian workers received a 5.4% wage increase.
a tax increase
The government had no choice but to impose a tax increase.
phrases
be on the increase (=be increasing)
Knife attacks are on the increase.
the rate of increase
The rate of increase in the number of violent crimes is much higher than under the previous government.
n THESAURUS
increase noun [countableC, uncountableU] an occasion when the amount or number of something becomes bigger
There has been a significant increase in violent crime over the past year.
price increases
growth noun [singular, uncountableU] an increase in the number, size, or importance of something. Growth is also used when saying that a company or a country’s economy becomes more successful
The astonishing growth of the Internet has had a dramatic effect on people’s lives.
Japan experienced a period of rapid economic growth.
Many people are concerned about the enormous growth in the world’s population.
rise noun [countableC] an increase in the amount of something, or in the standard or level of something
The latest figures show a sharp rise (=a sudden big rise) in unemployment in the region.
There was a 34 percent rise in the number of armed robberies.
The majority of families experienced a rise in living standards.
surge noun [countableC usually singular] a sudden increase in something such as profits, demand, or interest
There has been a big surge in demand for organically grown food.
We have seen a tremendous surge of interest in Chinese medicine.
gain noun [countableC, uncountableU] an increase in the amount or level of something – used especially in business or political contexts, or when talking about an increase in someone’s weight
sales gains
The December job figures show a net gain of 81,000 jobs.
The party has experienced a gain in popularity.
The amount of weight gain during pregnancy varies.
hike noun [countableC] informal especially American EnglishAmE a large or sudden increase in prices or taxes – often used in newspaper reports
Despite a 25% hike in fuel costs, the airline made a profit last year.
tax hikes
wage hikes
a very big increase
explosion noun [countableC] a sudden very large increase in the amount or number of something
There has been an explosion in the number of fast food restaurants.
The country experienced a population explosion.
The book caused an explosion of interest in Renaissance Italy.
boom noun [singular] a sudden large increase in trade, profits or sales, with the result that a country, company, or industry becomes very successful. Boom is also used about a sudden increase in interest in something, with the result that it becomes very popular
the German economic boom of the 1960s
the Internet boom
There has been a boom in sales of diet books and videos.
Examples from the Corpus
increase• a 12% increase in phone charges• a 50% increase in the city's health budget• Improved airline service led to an 18.7% increase in tourists to Africa last year.• There was an increase of about 17% in the urban population between 1910 and 1920.• An increase in the traffic marked the end of a timetable period.• an increase in consumer spending• A spokesman for the airline said that much of the cost increase was caused by tightening of security.• There could be fare increases of up to 10%.• There has been a marked increase in opposition to military action.• Not all data on hip fractures show marked increases in winter.• There will be no increase in student enrolments this year.• Sure, there has been grumbling over the price increases, but more for sport than out of real pain.• Wilson had avoided nearly all tax increases since a record $ 7 billion hike to balance the budget in 1991.• Much of that increase was in the fee portion of student bills, which are set and retained by the individual colleges.• What is the reason for the increase in gang hostility in small towns?• The Government is also understood to be divided over whether the increase in base rates will provoke a recession.• Clearly Oswiu experienced a tremendous increase in personal power and prestige following his victory at the Winwaed.• Recent wage increases have boosted morale in the company.
increase in• Investments in real estate are certain to increase in value.
From Longman Business Dictionary
increasein·crease1 /ɪnˈkriːs/ verb
1[intransitiveI] to become larger in amount, number, or degree
Manufacturing output increased 0.6% in July.
Sales increased to 11.5 million tons from 11 million tons.
increase in
The yen is forecast to increase in value over the next year.
The oil that it uses has increased in price to $13 a barrel.
2[transitiveT] to make something larger in amount, number, or degree
The rail company increased the number of passengers it carried last year by 14%.
He has increased the number of his licensing agreements.
—increasing adjectiveadj [only before a noun]
There is increasing difficulty in finding trained staff.
increasein·crease2 /ˈɪŋkriːs/ noun [countableC, uncountableU]
1a rise in amount, number, or degree
increase in
There was an increase in delays of deliveries of supplies.
be on the increase
Demand for low-cost housing is on the increase (=is increasing).
2pay/price/tax etc increase when an amount is increased by a company or government
Tobacco use in the state fell mostly because of the rise in the cost of cigarettes as a result of the tax increase.
Origin increase1
(1300-1400) Old French encreistre, from Latin increscere, from crescere “to grow”
in·crease1 verb →n GRAMMAR1 →n REGISTER1
→THESAURUS1in·crease2 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1 →n THESAURUS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
BNC: 523 COCA: 660
increase

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + INCREASE | INCREASE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤big, considerable, dramatic, drastic, enormous, exponential, huge, large, major, marked, massive, significant, substantial, vast巨大的增長；可觀的增長；大幅增長；指數級增長；顯著的增加▸➤moderate, modest, slight, small適度的增加；略微的增加；小幅增長▸➤apparent明顯的增加▸➤rapid, sharp, steep, sudden迅速的／急劇的／陡然的／突然的增加▸➤gradual, incremental, progressive, steady逐步增多；穩步增長▸➤fivefold, tenfold, etc. * 5 倍、10 倍等的增長▸➤10%, etc. * 10% 等的增長➤double-digit (especially NAmE) 兩位數的增長◇Sales of beef have experienced double-digit increases.牛肉銷量經歷了兩位數的增長。➤concomitant (formal) , corresponding, proportional, resulting伴隨的／相應的／相稱的／隨之而來的增長◇Their reputation has improved, bringing a corresponding increase in revenues.他們的信譽有了改善，收益也相應增長。➤average, mean平均增長◇The average increase in value last year was 4.3%.去年價值平均增長達 4.3%。➤net, overall, total淨增長；總額的增加；增長總量▸➤across-the-board全面增加◇The pay rise represented an across-the-board increase of between 9% for the highest paid and 32% for the lowest paid worker.這次工資是全面上調，工資最高的工人上調 9%，工資最低的工人上調 32%。➤annual, monthly, etc.年度、月度等增長➤projected, proposed預計的／提議的增長◇Retirement planning often starts with projected cost-of-living increases.退休規劃常常從生活費用上漲的估算開始。➤pay, salary, wage薪金上調；工資的上漲➤budget, dividend, fare, price, rent, spending, tax, tuition (NAmE) 預算增加；紅利的增多；交通費的增加；價格上漲；租金上漲；花費增加；稅額的增加；學費上漲➤population, productivity, temperature人口增長；生產率提高；溫度升高VERB + INCREASE➤demonstrate, experience, see, show呈現出增長；有增長◇Many parts of the country have experienced an increase in unemployment.該國許多地區失業率都有所上升。◇This year saw an increase in the number of job applicants.今年求職者有所增加。◇Profits show a steady increase.利潤穩步增長。➤enjoy享有增長◇The country is enjoying the biggest increase in business confidence for years.該國目前的商業信心指數上升幅度是數年來最大的。➤achieve實現增長◇We achieved a small increase in profits of £3 257.我們盈利 3,257 英鎊，實現了小幅增長。➤bring, bring about, cause, lead to, produce, result in帶來增長；引起增長；導致增多◇Intensive farming has brought about an increase in outbreaks of food poisoning.集約農業導致食物中毒事件有所增加。◇The war resulted in a massive increase in government spending.戰爭使政府開支大大增加。➤observe觀察到增加◇You would expect to observe an increase in births during peacetime.你會看到和平時期出生率有所上升。➤predict預言增長◇Some companies are predicting price increases of 30% or more.有些公司預言價格會上升 30%，甚至更多。➤propose, suggest提議／建議增加◇He proposed a large tax increase.他提議大幅度增稅。➤indicate, reflect, represent表現／反映出／體現增長◇Improved profitability may indicate an increase in competitiveness.利潤率的提高或許說明競爭力有所加強。➤be accompanied by, involve, mean伴隨着增長；意味着增長◇The measures to improve the health service will involve an increase in government spending.旨在改善公共醫療服務的各項措施會使政府開支有所增加。➤announce, post, report宣佈／公佈／報告增長◇The company reported a 9.5% increase in third quarter losses.這家公司報告第三季度的虧損增加了 9.5%。INCREASE + VERB➤occur增長出現PREPOSITION➤on the increase正在增長◇Burglaries in the area are on the increase.該地區入室盜竊案件正在增加。➤increase in在⋯方面的增長◇There has been an increase in demand for two-bedroom houses.對兩居室房屋的需求有所增長。➤increase on, increase over與⋯相比有增長◇The figures show a sharp increase on last year's turnover.數據顯示營業額與去年相比有大幅增長。➤increase to增加到⋯◇a dividend increase to 11.4 pence股息漲到 11.4 便士PHRASES➤a rate of increase增長率
increase

verb

ADVERB | VERB + INCREASE | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤considerably, dramatically, drastically, enormously, exponentially, greatly, markedly, significantly, substantially, tremendously, vastly大幅增長；急劇增長；增長巨大；呈指數級增長；顯著增加▸➤slightly略有增長▸➤gradually, progressively逐漸增長；遞增◇Progressively increase the intensity of the exercise over three weeks.在 3 個星期裏逐步增加練習強度。➤rapidly, sharply, steeply迅速增長；激增▸➤steadily穩步增長➤slowly緩慢增長▸➤twofold, threefold, etc.增加一倍／兩倍等◇Sales increased almost fourfold in this period.這一時期銷售額幾乎增長了三倍。VERB + INCREASE➤be expected to, be likely to預期增長；很可能增加◇Demand is expected to increase over the next decade.預計在今後的 10 年中需求將會增長。PREPOSITION➤by增長⋯◇The budget has increased by more than a third in the last year.去年預算增加了三分之一強。➤from以⋯為起點增長▸➤in在⋯方面增長◇to increase in amount / number / price / size在數額／數量／價格／規模上增長➤to增加到◇Last month the reward was increased from $20 000 to $40 000.上個月獎金從 2 萬美元增加到了 4 萬美元。➤with隨着⋯增長◇Disability increases with age.年齡越大，身體越不靈活。
BNC: 523 COCA: 660
increase verb
⇨ increase (increase prices) ⇨ rise (a rate increases)increase

noun

increase ♦︎ growth ♦︎ inflation ♦︎ rise ♦︎ gain ♦︎ surge ♦︎ hike ♦︎ spiral ♦︎ raise ♦︎ upturnThese words all refer to a situation when the amount, level or number of sth goes up. 这些词均表示数量的增加、增长或水平的提高。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge / a hike / a spiral / an upturn in sth◆an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge / a hike of 20%◆(a) significant / sharp increase / growth / inflation / rise / gain / surge / hike / upturn◆(a) large / considerable / huge / massive increase / growth / inflation / rise / gain / surge / hike◆(a) sudden increase / growth / inflation / rise / gain / surge / hike / upturn◆(a) moderate increase / growth / inflation / rise / hike◆(a) slow / gradual / steady increase / growth / inflation / rise / spiral◆(a) tax / price / wage increase / growth / inflation / rise / hike / raise◆to see an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge / a hike / an upturn◆to lead to / mean / report an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge / a hike◆to cause / represent an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge◆to show an increase / growth / a rise / a gain / a surge■ increase [countable, uncountable] a rise in the amount, number or level of sth 增长；增多；增加◆There has been a steady increase in demand for the service.对这种服务的需求稳步增长。◆This year saw an increase of nearly 20% in the number of visitors.今年游客人数增加了近20%。◆The figures show a significant increase on last year's turnover.数据显示营业额比去年有了显著增长。◆Homelessness is on the increase (= increasing).无家可归者越来越多。OPP cut , decrease , reduction ⇨ reduction   see also increase in sth ⇨ gain verb 2 , increase ⇨ rise verb ■ growth [uncountable, singular] an increase in the size, amount or degree of sth 增加；增长；增强◆The report links population growth with rural poverty.该报告把人口增长与农村的贫困联系起来。◆The growth in average earnings has remained constant.平均收入保持了连续增长。◆Recent years have seen a huge growth of interest in alternative medicine.近年来人们对替代疗法的兴趣愈加浓厚了。  see also grow ⇨ rise verb ■ inflation ɪnˈfleɪʃn [uncountable] a rise in the prices of services and goods in a country, resulting in a fall in the value of money; the rate at which this happens 通货膨胀；通胀率◆The bank is introducing new measures to curb inflation.银行正采取抑制通货膨胀的新措施。◆Wage increases must be in line with inflation.工资的增长必须与通货膨胀一致。◆Inflation is currently running at 3%.当前的通胀率为3%。■ rise [countable] an increase in the number, amount or level of sth 增长；增多；增加◆The industry is feeling the effects of recent price rises.该行业已感觉到最近价格上涨的影响。◆There has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work.失业人数急剧增长。OPP fall , decline , drop ⇨ reduction   see also rise ⇨ rise verb NOTE 辨析 Increase, growth or rise?In many cases you can use any of these words. 在许多情况下这三个词可以通用◆a rapid increase / growth / rise in the number of private cars私家车数量的迅速增加 Growth is often uncountable and is used especially to talk about size: population growth is much more typical than 'population increase/rise'. It is also more often used to talk about sth positive. * growth常作不可数名词，尤指规模的增长；population growth比population increase/rise更常用。growth更多指好的增长◆the growth in earnings / employment / demand收入／就业／需求的增长 Increase and rise are often used to talk about more negative things. * increase和rise常指较负面的增长◆an alarming increase / rise in violent crime暴力犯罪惊人的增加 Increase is more general than rise, used for things that increase by themselves or that are increased deliberately by sb. Rise is used more for things that happen to rise, rather than for deliberate increases. Price rises are seen from the point of view of the people buying things, not selling them. Businesses announce price increases; customers feel the effects of price increases/rises. 与rise相比，increase的意思更宽泛，指自身或人为的增长。rise较多指偶然发生的而非人为的增长。price rises表示从买者而非卖者的角度看到的价格上涨。商家宣布提价用 announce price increases表示；消费者感觉到提价的影响用feel the effects of price increases/rises表示。 ■ gain [countable, uncountable] an increase in the amount of sth, especially in wealth or weight （尤指财富或重量的）增值，增加◆a £3 000 gain from our investment从我们的投资中获取的3 000英镑的收益◆Regular exercise is the best way of preventing weight gain.经常锻炼是防止体重增加的最佳方法。 OPP loss ⓘ Loss [uncountable, countable] is the state of no longer having sth or as much of sth, or the process that leads to this. * loss指丧失、损失、丢失◆weight loss体重减轻◆loss of blood失血◆The closure of the factory will lead to a number of job losses.工厂倒闭会使许多人失业。   see also loss ⇨ debt , gain ⇨ gain verb 2 ■ surge sɜːdʒ; NAmE sɜːrdʒ [countable] a sudden increase that happens in the amount or number of sth; a large amount of sth （数量的）急剧上升，激增；大量；一大批◆Economists have reported a surge in consumer spending.经济学家通报了消费开支的激增。◆After an initial surge of interest, there has been little call for our services.开始时的一阵新鲜劲过后，对我们服务的需求变得很小。   see also surge ⇨ soar verb , surge ⇨ wave noun 2 ■ hike [countable] (informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) a large or sudden increase that sb makes in prices or taxes （价格或税额的）大幅度提高，猛增◆Higher crude oil prices mean price hikes for consumers too.原油价格的上涨对消费者来说意味着物价也会大幅度提高。◆Borrowers will be hit hard by the latest hike in interest rates.新近利率的大幅上扬将使借款人遭受沉重打击。■ spiral ˈspaɪrəl [uncountable] a continuous harmful increase in sth, that gradually gets faster and faster 螺旋式上升（指有害的持续加速增长）◆How can we halt the destructive spiral of violence in the inner cities?我们怎样才能遏止内城区日益严重的破坏性暴力行为？◆The country is caught in a vicious spiral of rising wages and prices.该国陷入了工资和物价持续上涨的恶性循环之中。ⓘ Spiral can also be used to talk about a similar harmful decrease in sth. * spiral亦可指类似的有害的下降◆The book gives a harrowing account of a downward spiral of drink, drugs and despair.这本书对从酗酒、吸毒再到绝望的沉沦之路作了令人心痛的描述。 ■ raise [countable] (NAmE) an increase in the money you are paid for the work you do 加薪；工资增长◆If I asked my boss for a raise he'd fire me.我要是要求老板加薪，他会解雇我。ⓘ In British English this is called a rise. 在英式英语中表达此义用rise。■ upturn ˈʌptɜːn; NAmE >ˈʌptɜːrn [countable, usually singular] an increase in the amount of business that is done; a time when the economy becomes stronger （营业额的）增加，提高；（经济的）回升，好转◆The restaurant trade is on the upturn.餐饮业正在复苏。◆an upturn in the economy经济好转 OPP downturn ⇨ reduction increase

verb

increase ♦︎ raise ♦︎ boost ♦︎ intensify ♦︎ maximize ♦︎ heighten ♦︎ inflate ♦︎ step sth up ♦︎ turn sth upThese words all mean to make the amount, number or level of sth bigger or greater. 这些词均表示增加、提高、加强。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to increase / raise / boost / inflate / step up sth by 15%, 250, £100, a third, etc.◆to increase / raise / boost / inflate / step up sth from 150, $500, etc.◆to increase / raise / boost / inflate / step up sth to 150, $500, etc.◆to increase / raise / boost / maximize / inflate prices◆to increase / raise / boost / maximize your income◆to increase / raise / boost / heighten awareness / interest◆to increase / raise / boost / maximize support◆to increase / raise / boost confidence◆to increase / raise / intensify / step up the pressure◆to increase / intensify / maximize / heighten / step up security◆to increase / raise / boost / intensify / heighten / inflate sth greatly / further■ increase [transitive] to make sth greater in amount, number, level, degree or value 使增长；增加；提高◆We need to increase productivity.我们需要提高生产力。◆They've increased the price by 50%.他们已经加价五成。◆Last month the reward was increased from £20 000 to £40 000.上个月报酬从2万英镑增加到了4万英镑。 OPP decrease , reduce ⇨ reduce   see also increase ⇨ rise verb ▸ increased

adjective

 [only before noun] ◆increased demand / pressure / spending上升的需求／压力／开支■ raise [transitive] to increase the amount or level of sth 增加，提高（数量或水平）◆The government has promised not to raise taxes.政府已承诺不加税。◆They raised their offer to $500.他们将出价抬高到500元。◆How can we raise standards in schools?我们怎样才能提高学校的水准？◆Don't tell her about the job until you know for sure－we don't want to raise her hopes (= make her hope too much).没确定之前别告诉她工作的事，我们不想让她期望过高。◆I've never heard him even raise his voice (= speak louder because he was angry).我甚至从没听到他提高过嗓门儿。OPP lower ⇨ reduce NOTE 辨析 Increase or raise?In many cases you can use either word. Increase is slightly more frequent when talking about numbers, prices and figures; raise is more useful for abstract nouns such as feelings and qualities. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用。表示数额、价格和数字时用increase略多；raise较常跟表示感情与品质等的抽象名词搭配◆to raise interest / awareness提高兴趣／意识 Raise is also used in idiomatic expressions such as raise sb's hopes and raise your voice. * raise亦用在raise sb's hopes和raise one's voice等惯用语中。 ■ boost buːst [transitive] (often approving, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) to make sth increase, or become better or more successful 使增长；使兴旺◆The new service helped to boost pre-tax profits by 10%.这项新服务使税前利润增长了10%。◆A last-minute rush by Christmas shoppers boosted sales.圣诞前最后一波购物热潮使商店营业额大增。◆Getting that job did a lot to boost his ego (= make him feel more confident).得到那份工作使他信心倍增。ⓘ Boost is always used to talk about a positive increase. * boost总是表示往好的方面增长◆to boost productivity / sales / spending提高生产力／销售额；增加开支◆to boost sb's morale / career / confidence提高某人的士气；提升某人的事业发展；增强某人的信心◆to boost taxes/pressure/tension ■ intensify ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ [transitive, intransitive] to increase an activity or feeling in degree or strength; (of an activity or feeling) to increase in degree or strength 加强，增强（活动或感情）；（活动或感情）强化，加剧◆The opposition leader has intensified his attacks on the government.反对派领袖加强了对政府的攻击。◆The reforms served only to intensify the misery of the poorer peasants.这些改革只是让贫困农民的日子更苦了。◆Violence intensified during the night.夜间暴力活动加剧了。■ maximize (BrE also maximise) [transitive] (rather formal, especially business 尤用于商业) to increase sth as much as possible; to make the best use of sth 使最大化；充分利用；最大限度地利用◆They drew up a six-point plan to maximize safety and efficiency in the use of the equipment.为了最大限度地提高设备使用的安全性和效率，他们制订了一个六点计划。◆ (computing 计算机) Maximize the window to full screen.将窗口最大化。◆The purpose of the restructuring is to maximize opportunities in the global market.企业重组的目的是为了充分利用全球市场的机会。 OPP minimize ⇨ reduce ■ heighten ˈhaɪtn [transitive, intransitive] to increase an effect or feeling or make it stronger; (of an effect or feeling) to increase or become stronger 加强（效果或情感）；（效果或情感）强化◆Fears of further racial conflict were heightened by news of the riots.暴乱的消息使人们更加担心会爆发进一步的种族冲突。◆Tension heightened after the recent bomb attack.最近发生炸弹袭击之后，情势更加紧张了。NOTE 辨析 Intensify or heighten?Although both verbs can be used with or without an object, heighten is more often used with an object. Heighten is used especially to talk about feelings and attitudes; intensify can apply to actions too. 这两个动词带或不带宾语均可，但heighten较常带宾语。heighten尤用以描述情感和态度；intensify还可描述行为◆a heightened sense of loneliness / well-being加剧的孤独感；强烈的安适愉快之感◆to intensify the campaign / battle加强活动；使战斗更加激烈 ■ inflate ɪnˈfleɪt [transitive] (often disapproving, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) to increase the price of sth 使涨价◆The principal effect of the demand for new houses was to inflate prices.对新住宅需求的主要影响是促使价格上涨。◆The profit margin had been artificially inflated.利润率被人为提高了。ⓘ Inflate can also be used without an object, but this is less frequent. * inflate也可作不及物动词，不带宾语，但这种用法不太常见 [intransitive] ◆House prices are no longer inflating at the same rate as last year.住宅价格的上涨率已不再像去年那样高了。 ■ ˌstep sth ˈup

phrasal verb

(-pp-)to increase the level of an activity 提高（活动）的水平◆He has stepped up his training to prepare for the race.他为准备那场比赛加强了训练。◆Security has been stepped up in response to the recent terrorist threat.加强了安全措施以应对近来恐怖分子的威胁。■ ˌturn sth ˈup

phrasal verb

to increase the noise, heat or light produced by a piece of equipment by moving its controls 开大（音量）；调高（热度或亮度）◆Could you turn the TV up?你能把电视机的音量开大些吗？◆The music was turned up loud.音乐的音量开大了。 OPP turn sth down ⇨ reduce   see also turn sth on ⇨ turn sth on
BNC: 523 COCA: 660

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