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demand

Word family 
Related topics: Economics
de·mand1 /dɪˈmɑːnd $ dɪˈmænd/ ●●● S2 W1 noun  
1  [singular, uncountableU]PE the need or desire that people have for particular goods and services 需要，需求
 Production is increasing faster than demand.
生产仍比需求增长快。
demand for
 the demand for new housing
对新住房的需求
in demand (=wanted) 被需要
 As a speaker he was always in demand.
作为一位演讲者，他始终受到欢迎。
→ supply and demand
2  [countableC]ASK FOR something/ASK somebody TO DO something a very firm request for something that you believe you have the right to get 要求
 demonstrations in support of the nationalists’ demands
声援民族主义者要求的示威游行
demand for
 their demand for higher salaries
他们提高工资的要求
demand that
 demands that he should resign
要求他辞职的呼声
3  demands [plural]DIFFICULT the difficult, annoying, or tiring things that you need to do, or a skill you need to have 要求〔指需要做的困难事情或需要掌握的技能〕
demands of
 the demands of modern life
现代生活的种种要求
demands on
 The curriculum makes great demands on the teacher.
这门课程对教师提出了很高的要求。
 There are heavy demands on people’s time these days.
如今，人们的时间都很紧。
place/put demands on/upon somebody/something
 the increased demands placed on police officers
对警察越来越高的要求
Examples from the Corpus
demand of• These conflicting demands of the two principles are something of which people are consciously aware.• It would be unfair to make too many demands of the statements I have quoted.• The four claim the current administration has not responded adequately to the fast-moving demands of a modern-day sport.• Apparently, the flight attendant was too busy to respond immediately to the finger-snapping demands of the princess for more drinks.• Cultivation: It does not make specific demands of the growing medium, and will even grow on just fine gravel.• Teachers have always been constrained by the demands of examinations and the expectations of parents.• Often such schemes unashamedly make vast concessions to the demands of the modern pub customer.
4  popular demand POPULARwhen a lot of people have asked for something to be done, performed etc 普遍要求，公众要求
by/due to popular demand (=because of popular demand) 由于普遍要求
 The exhibition will run for an extra week, due to popular demand.
应公众要求，这次展览将延长一周。
Examples from the Corpus
popular demand• Both men created through their activities a popular demand for access to the very wilderness they sought to protect.• It was a thing that was created by popular demand.• As in many other countries, popular demands for the introduction of multiparty democracy grew in the first half of 1990.• But there is no popular demand, and no need, to overturn our institutions in a fit of impatience.• The formative years of many of the elderly who were surveyed was a ti-me of popular demand for greater equality.• And now, due to popular demand, we can announce the arrival of the Megadisk!• Due to popular demand, levels one to three of the original Fast Forward have been split, producing six short intensive courses.• Sir Peter was scheduled to sign for one hour, but gave way to popular demand and stayed for three.
5  on demand formalASK FOR something/ASK somebody TO DO something whenever someone asks 一经要求
 Should you feed your baby on demand, or stick to a timetable?
给宝宝喂食应该按需还是按时？
Examples from the Corpus
on demand• Rahmer is opposed to abortion on demand.
 COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + demand
high (=a lot of people want something) 需求大的
Demand for housing is higher than ever.
住房需求比以往任何时候都要大。
low (=not many people want something) 需求小的
Recently the demand for new cars has been relatively low.
近来,新车需求相对较少。
a big demand 大的需求
There’s always a big demand for photographs of celebrities.
对于名人照片的需求一直很大。
a great/huge demand (=very big) 巨大的需求
There is a huge demand for business software and services.
商业软件和服务的需求量巨大。
increased/increasing/growing demand 增长的/正在增长的/正在增加的需求
One of the problems is the growing demand for housing.
问题之一是日益增长的住房需求。
falling demand (=decreasing) 减少的需求
the falling demand for coal
煤炭需求量的减少
consumer demand (=the desire of consumers to buy goods) 消费需求
Consumer demand for new technology is strong.
新技术的消费需求旺盛。
verbs
meet/satisfy demand (=supply as much as people need or want) 满足需求
There are reports that the company cannot produce enough to meet demand.
有报道称,该公司的产量无法满足需求。
keep up with demand (also keep pace with demand) (=satisfy the demand) 跟上需求
Public funding for higher education has not kept up with demand.
用于高等教育的公共资金没有跟上需求。
cope with demand (=satisfy demand) 满足需求
The existing services were not capable of coping with the demand for advice.
现有的服务不能满足咨询需求。
increase/boost demand 提升/推动需求
A very hard winter boosted the demand for natural gas.
严冬推动了对天然气的需求。
reduce demand 降低需求
Higher interest rates reduce the demand for credit.
利率上调降低了信贷需求。
demand rises/increases 需求上升/增加
Demand for energy has continued to rise.
能源需求持续上升。
demand falls (=becomes lower) 需求下降
Demand for the products has fallen in the last six months.
在过去的六个月中,这些产品的需求下降了。
phrases
be much in demand (also be in great demand) (=be wanted by a lot of people) 需求量很大
Fuel-efficient cars are now much in demand.
时下低油耗汽车需求量很大。
supply outstrips/exceeds demand (=more is available than people need or want) 供过于求
In the 1980s, the supply of grain far exceeded the demand.
20世纪80年代,粮食的供应远远超过需求。
a lack of demand 需求不足
Many factories closed through lack of demand.
因需求不足,许多工厂关闭了。
a surge in demand (=a sudden increase) 需求激增
There’s often a surge in demand for the Internet at the weekend.
周末时,对于因特网的需求常常会激增。
Examples from the Corpus
demand• A demand from your boss that you babysit his children is clearly unreasonable.• Some working moms worry about the conflicting demands of home and job.• In short, there is a I 5,000-bushel shortage of or excess demand for, corn.• Kallay returned to his original demands for the release of comrades from prison, and the resignation of the Sierra Leone government.• The government has refused the rebels' demand to release their leader from prison.• The union's demand for an 8% across-the-board increase is still under consideration.• The kidnappers made several demands in their telephone call to police.• A list of the students' demands was presented to the dean of the law school.• This growth is necessary to mitigate the supply / demand imbalance and for the continued economic health of the region.• The desire is great because the demands for knowing in life are so great.• Recessions often start because the demand for credit falls.• Though land is theoretically very expensive there, the recession has cut the demand.• It follows that their demand for bank deposits is also growing at twice the rate of growth of nominal income.• With demand for short and medium term paper picking up, most issues registered gains of up to £3/4.
demand for• Glover faced a demand for his resignation.• There isn't much demand for leaded gasoline anymore.
demand that• His indignation frequently boiled over to a point where he thought and demanded that a libel writ should be issued.• Prestige, if nothing else, demanded that it be entered into with due pomp and circumstance.• The work of individuation, however, demands that one should not be compulsively affected in this way.• But Eliades is demanding that pot, plus Lewis' fight fee of around £5m, is frozen by a court judge.• For their part, opposition leaders demanded that Mr Fujimori step down immediately in favour of a transition government.• Administrators finally bowed to demands that the university be renamed.• Giving up his five wives and dozen concubines, Vladimir demanded that all his subjects in Kiev become baptized.• We demanded that every student who took part in the protest be granted amnesty.• The polyester products maker attributed the forecast to weak world-wide demand that has lowered production volumes and increased manufacturing costs.
demand2 ●●● W2 verb [transitiveT]  
1  INSISTto ask for something very firmly, especially because you think you have a right to do this 〔坚决〕要求〔尤因认为有权这么做〕
 Angry demonstrators demanded the resignation of two senior officials.
愤怒的示威者要求两名高级官员辞职。
demand to know/see/have etc something
 I demand to know what’s going on.
我要求知道发生了什么事情。
demand that
 They demanded that the military government free all political prisoners.
他们要求军政府释放所有政治犯。
demand something of somebody
 It seemed that no matter what she did, more was demanded of her.
好像无论她做什么，都会有更多的要求等着她。
 ‘Where are you going?’ she demanded angrily.
“你要去哪里？” 她气愤地质问道。
5Don’t say demand for something. Say demand something: I demand my money back! (NOT I demand for my money back!)
不要说 demand for something. 而要说 demand something: I demand my money back! (不说 I demand for my money back!) 我要求退款！
► see thesaurus at ask, insist
2  NEEDif one thing demands another, it needs that thing in order to happen or be done successfully 需要
n GRAMMAR: Patterns with demand
You demand something:
I demand an explanation!
You demand to do something:
She demanded to see the manager.
In everyday English, you demand that someone does something:
I demand that he apologizes.
In formal English, you demand that someone do something, using the base form of the verb (=the infinitive without ‘to’):
His opponents are demanding that he resign.
✗Don’t say: demand someone to do something
You use the base form of the verb when talking about the past:
They demanded that he resign.
In everyday English, people also say:
They demanded that he resigned.
You demand that someone should do something:
His opponents demanded that he should resign.
This pattern is often used in the past, when reporting what someone has demanded.
Examples from the Corpus
demand• The evidence demanded a long time for Earth processes to have had any effect in carving mountains and accumulating sediment.• Stopped controversially in their first battle, Razor demanded a second go at Tyson.• The chief demanded a thorough investigation into the murder.• Both exchange and mutuality however, demand additional discipline for success.• How dare you say that! I demand an apology.• The laboratory was surrounded by protesters demanding an end to the animal experiments.• I demand an explanation for your appalling behaviour.• I caught Alice going through my letters and demanded an immediate explanation.• "Did you do this?" Kathryn demanded angrily.• Waster and the beggars scorned poor food and demanded better, fine bread instead of that with beans in it and well-cooked meat.• Parents are demanding greater control over their children's education.• The baby demands most of Cindy's time.• The receivers are informed that they are not allowed to ask questions nor to demand repeats of words or phrases.• One of the men brandished a jagged-edge Bowie knife and demanded that 25-year-old Julie handed over her handbag containing £95.• Realizing that her husband had deceived her, she demanded that he tell her the whole truth.• State health inspectors have demanded that the city act immediately to clean the water supply.• You should demand that they finish the job now, not some time in August.• Just go to the dry cleaners, show them the dress, and demand that they pay for the damage.• The President demanded the release of the hostages.• Daley demanded to know why the police had not been called in to stop the rioting.• The guards demanded to see her I.D. before they allowed her in the building.• The police officer made Neil get out of the car and demanded to see his driver's licence.
demand to know/see/have etc something• Even before Urquhart could demand to know what on earth he thought he was doing, the babbling commenced.• He kept demanding to know how it got there.• Lifting the phone from the desk, he demanded to know what was going on.• Once in a while she sent food back to the kitchen and demanded to see the cook.• One day Mulholland was approached by a man in a carriage who demanded to know his name and what he was doing.• Paxon specifically demanded to know whether Rep.• She saw an empty space on the walls and demanded to know where the picture was.• The sheriff demanded to know how the solicitor had got hold of a confidential social inquiry report.
demanded ... attention• But other things have demanded her attention.• Far and Middle Eastern issues similarly demanded attention.• Her face kept swimming forward, her eyes demanded attention.• It was true that a major problem had just cropped up which demanded immediate attention.• Some of the men demanded as much attention.• Too many things demanded his attention at the same rime.• They demanded attention, more photography, and the remainder of the party drew further away.• They demanded attention which it was not humanly possible to give.
From Longman Business Dictionary
demandde·mand /dɪˈmɑːnddɪˈmænd/ noun [uncountableU]ECONOMICS
1the amount of spending on goods and services by companies and people in a particular economy
Demand in the US economy generated 23 million new jobs during the 1990s.
2the total amount of a type of goods or services that people or companies buy in a particular period of time
demand for
Lower interest rates did nothing to increase demand for loans to buy houses.
There was a very strong demand for jeans and T-shirts over the last month.
Chrysler said its Jeep plant won’t operate next week because of weak demand.
3the total amount of a type of goods or services that people or companies would buy if they were available
Power companies have been forced to reduce voltage when demand exceeded available supplies during extreme cold or hot spells.
Demand for phone service in Thailand far outstrips the supply with back orders totaling about one million.
4law of demand the idea that the more something costs, the less demand for it there is
→ aggregate demand → consumer demand → cyclical demand → derived demand → domestic demand → elastic demand → excess demand → global demand → inelastic demand → institutional demand → market demand → primary demand → selective demand → see also elasticity of demand, on demand
Origin demand2
(1300-1400) Old French demander, from Latin mandare “to order”
de·mand1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1demand2 verb →n GRAMMAR1
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