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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 8551 COCA: 8028

spiral

Word family
Related topics: Shapes, patterns
spi·ral1 /ˈspaɪərəl $ ˈspaɪr-/ ●○○ noun [countableC]  
1. CFTURNa line in the form of a curve that winds around a central point, moving further away from the centre all the time 螺线,螺旋线
2 a process, usually a harmful one, in which something gradually but continuously gets worse or better 螺旋式过程〔持续恶化或改善〕
in/into a spiral
 Unemployment rose and the city went into a spiral of decline.
失业率上升,城市持续走下坡路。
downward/upward spiral
 The company is in a downward spiral.
这家公司越来越不景气。
3. inflationary spiral a situation in which wages and prices rise continuously because the level of inflation is high 恶性通货膨胀
Examples from the Corpus
spiral adjectiveadj
Examples from the Corpus
spiral2 verb (spiralled, spiralling British EnglishBrE, spiraled, spiraling American EnglishAmE) [intransitiveI]  
1 [always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]TURN to move in a continuous curve that gets nearer to or further from its central point as it goes round 螺旋式上升[下降]
spiral to/around etc
 The damaged plane spiralled to the ground.
受损的飞机盘旋坠地。
2 if a situation spirals, it gets worse, more violent etc in a way that cannot be controlled 〔形势〕急剧恶化
 Crime has spiraled out of control.
犯罪活动激增,已经失控。
3. INCREASE IN NUMBER OR AMOUNTif debt or the cost of something spirals, it increases quickly in a way that cannot be controlled 〔债务或费用〕急剧而失控地上升 SYN escalate
spiralling British EnglishBrE, spiraling American EnglishAmE adjectiveadj
 the spiralling cost of legal services
律师费的急剧上涨
Examples from the Corpus
From Longman Business Dictionary
spiralspi·ral1 /ˈspaɪərəlˈspaɪr-/ noun [countableC]
a process, usually a harmful one, in which something continuously rises, falls, gets worse etc, often starting off slowly but gradually speeding up until it is out of control
Sales are on a downward spiral.
The current oil price rise may cause an inflationary spiral and, in the end, a recession.
wage-price spiral
spiralspiral2 verb (spiralled, spiralling British EnglishBrE, spiraled, spiraling) American EnglishAmE [intransitiveI]
if debt or the cost of something spirals, it increases quickly and uncontrollably
Spiralling costs may force staff cuts.
Inflation is spiralling out of control.
Origin spiral1
(1500-1600) Medieval Latin spiralis (adjective), from Latin spira coil
spi·ral1 nounspiral2 verb
Chinese
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