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BNC: 54 COCA: 57

when

Word family 
when /wen/ ●●● S1 W1 adverbadv , conjunction , pronoun
1  at what time 什麽時候
When are we leaving?
我們什麽時候走？
When did you first meet Dr Darnall?
你是什麽時候認識達納爾博士的？
When will the work be finished?
這項工作什麽時候完成？
I don’t know when I’ll see her again.
我不知道何時才能再見到她。
when to do something
I’ll tell you when to stop.
我會告訴你什麽時候停下。
2  at or during the time that something happens 當〔某事發生〕時
Leonard was nine when his father died.
父親去世時倫納德九歲。
When the family came here from Russia, they were penniless.
那家人從俄羅斯遷來這裏的時候身無分文。
When he was in the air force he flew Tornado jets.
他在空軍服役時駕駛旋風式戰鬥機。
3  after or as soon as something happens 在〔某事發生〕後；一…就…
When the meal was finished, Rachel washed up and made coffee.
吃完飯，雷切爾洗了碗並泡了咖啡。
I’ll phone you again when I get home.
我到家後會再給你打電話。
4  used to mention a type of event or situation when talking about what happens on occasions of that type 當〔某種條件出現〕時會〔産生某種狀況〕
When lead is added to petrol, it improves the car’s performance.
汽油中加鉛可以提高汽車的性能。
When mixed with water the powder forms a smooth paste.
這種粉末和水混合以後會成爲均勻的糊狀。
He always wears glasses except when playing football.
除了踢足球的時候，他一直戴着眼鏡。
5  used to show which particular time or occasion you are talking about …的時候〔用於表示某一具體時刻或場合〕
The best moment was when he scored the winning goal.
最精彩的一刻是他射入制勝一球的時候。
There are times when I hate him.
我也有恨他的時候。
the day/time/afternoon etc when
She remembered the day when Paula had first arrived.
她想起了葆拉剛來的那一天。
6  by/since when before or since which time 在…之前/自從…
The baby is due in May, by when the new house should be finished.
寶寶的預産期在五月，那時新房子也應該完工了。
That was written in 1946, since when the education system has undergone great changes.
那是1946年寫的，自那以後教育體制經歷了巨大的變革。
Examples from the Corpus
by/since when• Each form finishes with a summary of the work to be undertaken, by whom and by when.• Me: No kidding, since when?• Chances are you will find corn syrup listed as a sweetener. Since when do we put corn in strawberry jam?• What was the matter with her? Since when had fitzAlan needed encouragement to show anger?• However, the next owner dismantled the walls in 1685, since when it has remained in a state of decay.• Not three weeks on the Island had gone by when Mami called.• Many did not obey, but most were close by when the storm hit.• The winter of Keynesian discontent probably occurred in the early 1980s, since when there have been signs of a marked rally.
7  since when ...? spoken used to show that you are very surprised or angry 從何時起…？〔表示非常驚訝或生氣〕
Since when have you been interested in my feelings?
你從什麽時候開始關心起我的感受來了？
8  DESPITEeven though something is true 雖然；盡管
Why does she steal things when she could easily afford to buy them?
她完全買得起，爲什麽還要偷東西呢？
9  used to introduce a fact or statement that makes something seem surprising 既然；在…情況下；如果
When you consider that the airline handled 80 million passengers last year, the accident figures are really very small.
如果你考慮到這家航空公司去年運送了8,000萬名乘客，那麽這個事故率其實是非常低的。
n THESAURUS
when at or during the time that something happens
Call me when you get home.
When I got here, the place was empty.
while during the time that something is happening – used to emphasize that something is continuing
I’ll make the salad while you set the table.
While we were on holiday, our house was burgled.
whenever used in order to emphasize that something always happens when another thing happens
He visits his mother whenever he can.
You can come and talk to me whenever you have a problem.
by the time used in order to say that one thing has or will have already happened when something else happens
By the time a child is five, he will have watched hundreds of hours of television.
5 GRAMMAR 語法
Generally, in a clause beginning with when that refers to the future, use the present tense or present perfect, not ‘will’. 一般情況下，在以when引導的表示將來的從句中，用現在時或現在完成時，不用will
They don’t know what is going to happen when the project is finished (NOT 不說 when the project will be finished).
他們不知道這個項目完成後會發生什麽。
However, when asking or talking about the time that something will happen, use will. 但是詢問或談論某事何時發生則要用will
Remove the supports when the glue has set.
膠水凝固後就把支撐物拿掉。
When will the government take action?
政府何時會采取行動？
teenagers who don’t let their parents know when they will be home
不告訴父母什麽時候回家的青少年
n GRAMMAR: Choosing the right tense
You use the present tense with when:
What are you planning to do when you leave college?
Don’t use ‘will’ in the clause after when. ✗Don’t say: What are you planning to do when you will leave college?
You can also use the present perfect tense with when:
What are you planning to do when your course has finished?
When talking about the past, you can use the past perfect tense with when:
When the rain had stopped, they went outside.
Examples from the Corpus
when• When are you going to the store?• When did she notice it was missing?
the day/time/afternoon etc when• Super Star Video's tapes have all been packed up, waiting for the day when he finds a new location.• Khrushchev may have been perspicacious enough to imagine the day when his turn would come and he would become Special Pensioner Khrushchev.• And then there are the times when I say nothing.• It is better to abolish serfdom from above than to await the day when it will begin to abolish itself from below.• Most of the time when markets move, no one has any idea why.• She lived for the day when she could crunch numbers in the dry air of West Texas.• This comment was made in the early 1980s, around the time when sociolinguistic methods were undergoing some changes.• The name originated from the days when this house belonged to the local policeman.
Origin when
Old English hwanne, hwenne

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