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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2962 COCA: 3308

margin

Word family 
Related topics: Newspapers, printing, publishing
mar·gin /ˈmɑːdʒɪn $ ˈmɑːr-/ ●●○ AWL noun [countableC]  
1  TCNEDGEthe empty space at the side of a page 页边的空白，页边，白边
 Someone had scribbled a note in the margin.
有人在页边写了条批注。
 Use double spacing and wide margins to leave room for comments.
采用双倍行距和宽阔的页边空白，以便留出地方写评注。
► see thesaurus at edge →5 see picture at 见图 edge1
2  WINthe difference in the number of votes, points etc that exists between the winners and the losers of a competition or election 〔选票或得分上的〕差数
by a wide/narrow/significant etc margin
 They’re a world-class team and it was no surprise that they won by such a wide margin.
他们是世界一流水平的队伍，以如此大的分差赢得比赛不足为奇。
by a margin of 10 points/100 votes etc
 The bill was approved by a margin of 55 votes.
这项法案以55票的差额获得通过。
3  PROFITthe difference between what it costs a business to buy or produce something and what they sell it for 利润，赚头
 Margins are low and many companies are struggling.
利润很少，很多公司都在苦苦挣扎。
 Within 10 years they had a gross profit margin of 50%.
10年里他们的毛利率达到了50%。
4  [usually singular] an additional amount of something such as time, money, or space that you include in order to make sure that you are successful in achieving something 余地；备用的时间[金钱，空间]
 It’ll take about 30 minutes to dry but I’d allow a safety margin of, say, another 10 minutes.
要30分钟左右才能干，不过保险一点，再多10分钟吧。
5  margin of error WRONG/INCORRECTthe degree to which a calculation might or can be wrong 误差值，误差幅度
 The survey has a margin of error of 2.1%.
这次调查的误差值为2.1%。
Examples from the Corpus
margin of error• The poll has a margin of error of three percent.• The poll has a margin of error of 5 percentage points.• Obviously the figure is subject to a margin of error.• Over two years of use, for more than 4,000 tests, it has never strayed beyond the permitted margin of error.• Because of the difficulties associated with radiocarbon dating, each new date is given a statistical margin of error.• The margin of error is plus or minus one percent.
6  margin for error how many mistakes you can make and still be able to achieve something 出错的余地
 At this late stage in the competition there is no margin for error.
在这个比赛的最后阶段不允许出现任何差错。
Examples from the Corpus
margin for error• Her margin for error shrinks to two or three seconds.• A birdie is rare indeed at Aldeburgh where there is virtually no margin for error, especially if the wind blows.• That meant there was no margin for error.• The margins for error on a smallholding are extremely narrow; only a skilled and diligent husbandman can hope to succeed.• They repeat the errors of the past, until finally their margin for error has been all but eroded.• Next week, with or without Young in the lineup, the 49ers know their margin for error will be dramatically reduced.• The coaches want to call every play and reduce their margin for error.
7  technical or literaryEDGE the edge of something, especially an area of land or water 〔尤指地域或水域的〕边缘，边隅
 the western margin of southern Africa
非洲南部的西隅
8  on the margin(s) OUT/OUTSIDEa person on the margins of a situation or group has very little power, importance, or influence 处于边缘地位，处于非主体地位〔指无权无势，缺乏影响力〕 SYN on the fringes
 unemployed youths living on the margins of society
生活在社会边缘的失业青年
Examples from the Corpus
on the margin(s)• At each period new houses and streets have been added on the margins of the built-up area.• The Loughborough research shows that librarians don't have to feel apologetic about being on the margins of school action.• Competition on the margin forces organizations shed their skins, time and again.• Since many exist on the margins of their environments, small changes may create big problems for them.• Many mentally ill people have been forced to live on the margins of society.• In all, more than three out of five older women were living in or on the margins of poverty.• The Bill provides a little extra competition and regulation on the margin, but it does not fundamentally transform the regime.• Natural selection, which normally works on the margins, suddenly alters the core of the system.• You get feedback written on the margins on your page or typed on a separate piece of paper.
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: the empty space at the side of a page
adjectives
wide
The margin should be wider.
narrow (=not wide)
The margins are very narrow, making the page look cluttered.
a generous margin (=wide)
Leave a generous margin at the side of the page.
the right-hand margin (=on the right of the page)
There were some notes written in the right-hand margin.
the left-hand margin (=on the left of the page)
All typing begins at the left-hand margin.
verbs
leave a margin
The teacher told us to leave a margin wide enough for him to write corrections.
set the margins (=make them a particular size)
Set the margins to have one inch on each side.
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: the difference in the number of votes, points etc that exists between the winners and the losers of a competition or election
adjectives
a large/big margin
By a large margin, the book sold more copies than any other this year.
a huge margin (=a very big one)
They won the championship by a huge margin.
a small margin
Visitors from other parts of Scotland exceeded foreign visitors by only a small margin.
a narrow margin (=a very small one)
The proposal passed, but only by a narrow margin.
verbs
win by a large/small etc margin
The party won by a huge margin.
lose by a large/small etc margin
He lost by only a narrow margin.
Examples from the Corpus
margin• By early 1986 margins had narrowed.• The supermarkets then found that they could charge bigger margins on goods that were peripheral to their core business, processed foods.• Considerable margins of uncertainty are associated with the best-fit climate sensitivities identified in an analysis of this type.• The desired margin size is a positive function of the volatility of futures prices.• an eight-goal margin of defeat• Someone had written a note in the left-hand margin.• The poll, which showed Forbes leading Dole by a 31-22 percent margin, figured that 27 percent of independents would vote.• In size and significance, if not charm, Sydney has won out by a small margin.• There were notes pencilled in the margin.• The program sets the margins automatically.• She widened the margins so her essay would look longer.• The margin of error for the study was plus or minus 5 percentage points.
in the margin• The Masonic books I inherited from him were well marked and annotated in the margins, in his handwriting.• Each element, he wrote, must be honest, and Goldberg, in the margin, each element: honest.• Eradicate anxiety, he wrote, and Goldberg, in the margin, anxiety.• Excuses, wrote Goldberg in the margin of his typescript with a felt-tip pen, an end to excuses.• Read your story through carefully; each time you come across a transferable skill write it in the margin at the right.• Scribe across the panel then saw it to size and nail in the margin.• There were some penciled notes in the margin.• In addition, many times references within the main part of the text were made to important points presented in the margins.
by a wide/narrow/significant etc margin• Kennedy won the election by a narrow margin.• So far, its return has outpaced the Gfund and Ffunds by a wide margin.• This beats even the great Bobby Fischer by a wide margin.• But voters are preferring other candidates to Gramm by wide margins.• So Weinke took the Heisman by a narrow margin and Heupel is anything but a loser.• The initiative passed by a wide margin, but initial court rulings have enjoined its enforcement.• The Diconix was the slowest of the tested printers, by a narrow margin.• Surprise! the seventh firm won the tender by a narrow margin.
profit margin• The foodequipment business had a profit margin of 7. 1 % in 1994, with a strong performance from Hobart.• As a result, corporate cash flows have been expanding apace, and profit margins have improved.• And the new interest rate rise could wipe out retail businesses who have cut profit margins to the bone to survive.• The health ministry has fixed the pharmacists' profit margin at 10 %.• He also claimed interest rate profit margins had declined over the past year.• Price cuts failed to boost sales so profit margins have been slashed.• Francis noted that strong profit margins and a committed, rock-solid management team were the key elements for a successful start-up.• Their profit margin is enormous and their revenues increase every year.
safety margin• Another effect of the flare is to wind up the blade speed which helps to give a greater safety margin.
From Longman Business Dictionary
marginmar·gin /ˈmɑːdʒənˈmɑːr-/ noun
1[countableC, uncountableU]ACCOUNTING the difference between the price that something is sold for and the cost of producing or buying it. A margin is usually calculated as a percentage of the price that something is sold for, unlike a MARK-UP which is calculated as a percentage of the cost of producing or buying it
Prices and margins were down as a result of the recession.
margin on
The margin on canned soup is 15% to 20%.
a high-margin product.
The car division, suffering from weak sales and tight margins (=very small ones), made an operating loss.
→ gross margin → net interest margin → net margin → operating margin → profit margin
2on marginFINANCE if you buy shares or other investments on margin, you buy them with borrowed money
Individuals trading on margin sustained heavy losses during last year’s stock price declines.
Origin margin
(1300-1400) Latin margo “border”
mar·gin noun →n COLLOCATIONS1 →n COLLOCATIONS2
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2962 COCA: 3308
margin

noun¹

 1empty space at the side of a page in a book, etc.頁邊空白ADJECTIVE | VERB + MARGIN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤generous, wide充裕的／寬鬆的頁邊◇Leave a generous margin on the left.在左邊留出充裕的空白。➤narrow窄窄的頁邊▸➤left, right左空；右空▸➤left-hand, right-hand左頁邊；右頁邊VERB + MARGIN➤adjust, leave, set調整／留出／設置頁邊PREPOSITION➤at the margin在頁邊空白處◇Start writing at the left-hand margin.從左頁邊空白處開始寫。➤in the margin在頁邊空白內◇She scribbled notes in the margin.她在頁邊空白處潦草地記筆記。
margin

noun²

 2space, time, votes, etc. by which sth is won空間、時間、票數方面的領先幅度ADJECTIVE | VERB + MARGIN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤winning獲勝的領先幅度◇The winning margin was only 8 seconds.勝負的差距只有 8 秒。➤comfortable, considerable, greater, large, substantial, wide相當大的領先優勢；更大的差數；大幅的差額◇She was not daunted by this substantial margin of defeat.她沒有因為這場大比分的落敗而畏懼。➤huge, overwhelming巨大的優勢；壓倒性的領先幅度◇The amendment passed by an overwhelming margin.修正案以壓倒性多數票獲得通過。➤narrow, razor-thin, slim, small微弱的領先優勢；些微的差距；極小的差額；小比分◇The election is likely to be decided by razor-thin margins.選舉很可能會以極微弱的差額決定勝負。➤clear, safe明顯的領先優勢；穩可獲勝的差幅➤three-to-one, two-to-one * 3 比 1 的 /2 比 1 的差幅◇Her book outsold his by almost a two-to-one margin.她的書比他的好賣，銷量幾乎多一倍。➤1 000-vote, 20-second, etc. * 1,000 票、20 秒等的差距◇He claimed the title with a slim 134 000-vote margin.他以 13.4 萬票的微弱優勢贏得了這個頭銜。VERB + MARGIN➤have有差距PREPOSITION➤by a margin以⋯（幅度）之差◇She won by a clear margin.她以明顯的優勢獲勝。➤margin over領先⋯的幅度◇He had an 18-second margin over his nearest rival.他比實力最接近的對手領先了 18 秒。PHRASES➤by the largest, narrowest, etc. of margins以極大、極微弱等的差幅◇He won by the narrowest of margins.他以極微弱的優勢獲勝。➤a margin of victory勝差
margin

noun³

 3amount of extra space, time, etc.空間或時間方面的富裕ADJECTIVE | VERB + MARGIN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤good, greater, wide很大的／更大的／充裕的餘地◇Sales predictions are open to wide margins of error.銷售預測常常會有很大的偏差。➤narrow很小的餘地▸➤adequate足夠的餘地➤generous充足的餘地▸➤safety安全限度VERB + MARGIN➤allow (sb/sth), give (sb/sth), leave, provide（給⋯）留出餘地◇The device gives a greater margin of safety.這種設備安全系數更大。PREPOSITION➤margin for為⋯留出的餘地◇We have substantial reserves, which provide a good margin for uncertainties.我們有充足的儲備，足以應付不確定的因素。PHRASES➤a margin for error, a margin of error誤差餘地◇The schedule left no margin for error.這份日程表不容出錯。➤a margin of safety安全限度
margin

noun⁴

 4profit盈利ADJECTIVE | VERB + MARGIN | MARGIN + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤fat, high, large豐厚的利潤；高額利潤◇The company relies on fat margins from luxury models.公司靠豪華車賺取豐厚利潤。➤low, narrow, razor-thin, small, thin, tight低額利潤；微利；薄利◇We're working to rather tight profit margins.我們只能賺取薄利。◇How does the company get by with such razor-thin margins?如此薄利公司如何支撑下去？➤negative (especially NAmE) 虧損▸➤gross, net毛利；淨利▸➤profit利潤空間▸➤operating, pre-tax, retail (especially BrE) 營運利潤率；稅前利潤；零售利潤➤average平均利潤◇Today, average margins have slipped to just 4%.今天，平均利潤已經下降到僅有 4% 了。VERB + MARGIN➤achieve, have獲得利潤；有利潤◇These manufacturers have high gross margins.這些生產商可以賺得很高的毛利。➤operate at, operate on以⋯利潤經營▸➤improve, increase提高／增加利潤◇Higher productivity has enabled them to increase their profit margins.生產率的提高使他們增加了利潤幅度。➤cut, cut into, erode, reduce, squeeze減少利潤；侵蝕利潤；降低利潤；擠壓利潤空間◇Price rises have eroded profit margins.價格上漲侵蝕了利潤。MARGIN + VERB➤increase, widen利潤增加／擴大▸➤narrow, shrink利潤縮減／縮水PREPOSITION➤at a margin以⋯的利潤◇They are operating at very low margins.他們以很低的利潤在經營。➤margin on在⋯上的利潤◇They hope to improve their margins on computers.他們希望提高計算機的利潤。  ➡ note at per cent (for more verbs)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2962 COCA: 3308
margin noun
⇨ edge (the margins of society) ⇨ gap (win by a narrow margin) ⇨ scope (a safety margin)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2962 COCA: 3308

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