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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 687 COCA: 765

pressure

Word family 
Related topics: Physics
pres·sure1 /ˈpreʃə $ -ər/ ●●● S1 W1 noun  
1  persuade 说服 [uncountableU]FORCE somebody TO DO something an attempt to persuade someone by using influence, arguments, or threats 〔利用影响、辩论或威胁施加的〕压力
 They are putting pressure on people to vote yes.
他们正在向民众施加压力，要求他们投赞成票。
be/come under pressure to do something
 The minister was under pressure to resign.
部长面临被迫辞职的压力。
be/come under pressure from somebody (to do something)
 I was under pressure from my parents to become a teacher.
父母逼着我当老师。
 The Labour government came under pressure from the trade unions.
工党政府受到了来自工会的压力。
pressure for
 Pressure for change has become urgent.
改革的呼声越来越迫切。
pressure on
 the pressure on all of us to keep slim
要求我们个个都保持苗条的压力
 He exerts pressure on his kids to get them to do as he wants.
他给孩子们施加压力，让他们按照他的想法去做。
 You must never give in to pressure.
你绝不能屈从压力。
2  anxiety/overwork 忧虑/工作过劳 [countableC, uncountableU]BUSY/HAVE A LOT TO DO a way of working or living that causes you a lot of anxiety, especially because you feel you have too many things to do 〔工作或生活中的〕压力
pressure of
 I feel I’m not able to cope well with the pressures of life.
我觉得自己无法妥善应付生活压力。
pressure on
 The pressure on doctors is increasing steadily.
医生的压力越来越大。
under pressure
 I’m under constant pressure at work.
我工作上一直有压力。
 The pressures of work can make you ill.
工作压力可能会导致生病。
 a high pressure job
压力大的工作
 athletes who show grace under pressure (=who behave well when they are anxious)
压力下仍表现出良好风度的运动员
3  causing change 引起变化 [countableC, uncountableU] events or conditions that cause changes and affect the way a situation develops, especially in economics or politics 〔尤指经济或政治的〕压力
 inflationary pressures
通货膨胀的压力
 Analysts expect the pound to come under pressure.
分析家预期英镑将面临压力。
relieve/reduce pressure (on somebody/something)
 Slowing the arms race relieved pressure on the Soviet economic system.
放慢军备竞赛速度减轻了苏联经济体制所面临的压力。
 The 1990s brought increased economic pressure to bear on all business activities.
20 世纪90年代所有的商业活动都面临更大的经济压力。
4  weight 重量 [uncountableU]PRESS the force or weight that is being put on to something 压力，挤压
pressure of
 The pressure of the water turns the wheel.
水的压力使轮子转动。
 the pressure of his hand on my arm
他的手压在我胳膊上的力量
5  gas/liquid 气体/液体 [countableC, uncountableU] the force produced by the quantity of gas or liquid in a place or container 压力；压强
6  weather 天气 [countableC, uncountableU] a condition of the air in the Earth’s atmosphere, which affects the weather 气压
→ peer pressure
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
put pressure on somebody
We’ve decided to set up a campaign to put pressure on the Government.
exert pressure on somebody formal (=put pressure on them)
They exerted pressure on their colleagues to vote for the change.
bring pressure to bear on somebody (=put pressure on them)
These groups have brought pressure to bear on the government.
put somebody under pressure (=put a lot of pressure on them)
They were put under pressure to sign confessions.
be under pressure
Apple growers are under pressure from the public to use fewer chemicals.
come under pressure
The new prime minister has already come under pressure from the opposition to call an election.
bow to pressure (also give in to pressure) (=do what people want you to do)
He eventually gave in to pressure and resigned.
respond to pressure (=do something as a result of pressure)
The government responded to this pressure and modified the Bill.
adjectives
strong/intense pressure
There was strong pressure for a statement from the president.
considerable pressure
Shopkeepers are under considerable pressure to work on Sundays.
increasing/mounting pressure
There was increasing pressure on the Chancellor to cut petrol tax.
public/popular pressure (=pressure from the public)
He faces mounting public pressure to resign.
political pressure
We did not make this recommendation because of political pressure.
diplomatic pressure (=pressure from other countries' governments)
The announcement of a ceasefire came after intense diplomatic pressure from the US.
Examples from the Corpus
pressure• Every engineer knew that dollars-and-cents issues figured in his work, right along with boiler pressures and stress factors.• Indirect evidence of mounting demographic pressure is also provided by the steady destruction of the forests.• Suffice to say, the locals approved, and soon Cambianica felt pressure to expand his wine-making enterprise.• Inflationary pressures will lead to higher prices.• Reading cracked under intense pressure again after 69 minutes.• You never felt the pressure you felt from other choreographers.• Tourists and immigrants are increasing the pressures on the Galapagos's already scarce resources, from fresh water to seafood.• I just can't take the pressure at work anymore.• Blackburn cracked under the pressure, as Kerslake and Jones lined up for shots and David Mitchell cleaned up.• There was no water pressure in the bathroom this morning.
exerts pressure on• The air exerts pressure on the airway, holding it open and allowing the sleeper to breathe normally.
grace under pressure• They are the lessons of steadfastness and trust, honor and humor and, above all, grace under pressure.• This achievement is an art of the battlefield-exhibiting all that grace under pressure that is the glory of the cornered male.• But then, grace under pressure is a valued trait among the pastoralists.
brought ... pressure to bear on• Employers brought maximum pressure to bear on workers in order to restore order: recalcitrant strikers faced lock-outs.• Those groups have brought pressure to bear on government to provide resources or pursue policies to the benefit of their members.• He brought undue pressure to bear on his parents by giving them an entirely misleading account of the documents.• On his eastern border, Ine brought pressure to bear on the eastern Saxons who were sheltering exiles from his kingdom.
at high pressure• Lock lid in place and cook at high pressure for 16 minutes.• Which of these two minerals might have formed at higher pressure than the other?• It may need hosing at high pressure to get rid of any surface slime.• The equation of state of molecular hydrogen at high pressures and temperatures is particularly important and yet it is poorly known.• Reactions are carried out at high pressure and temperature and the processes involve large scale filtration, drying, milling and packing.• There they breathe in pure oxygen at high pressure.• If so, the conductivity of the rock at high pressures would be expected to mirror that of carbon.
high/low pressure• Remove from heat and lower pressure using the cold-water-release method.• The equation of state of molecular hydrogen at high pressures and temperatures is particularly important and yet it is poorly known.• Reactions are carried out at high pressure and temperature and the processes involve large scale filtration, drying, milling and packing.• After removing it there was no more trouble from low pressure.• Lock lid in place and bring to high pressure.• Bring to high pressure and cook 12 minutes.• If it is not sufficiently tender, lock lid back into place and return to high pressure for a few minutes.
pressure2 verb [transitiveT]  
FORCE somebody TO DO something especially American EnglishAmE to try to make someone do something by making them feel it is their duty to do it 对…施加压力，强迫 SYN British English pressurize
pressure somebody into doing something
 You want to enjoy food, not to be pressured into eating the right things.
人们希望享受食物，而不是被迫去吃那些该吃的东西。
pressure somebody to do something
 Don’t feel we are pressuring you to give what you can’t afford.
别勉强，我们不会强人所难的。
► see thesaurus at force
Examples from the Corpus
pressure• Bush has been somewhat less outspoken, apparently sensitive to being seen as pressuring his successor at a tough moment.• Over the next few years, Mrs J was pressured into lending her son large sums of money.• When David Hale claims he was pressured into making illegal loans, he is branded a crook and a liar.• The more conservative Viktor Chernomyrdin was voted in after Yeltsin was pressured into withdrawing his support for Gaidar.• I weighed in on Monday, got blood pressured, then drove through blinding rain into the Guildford one-way system.• Reagan was continuously being pressured to compromise in ways that preserved the influence and the policies of the defeated opposition.• A child might need to be prodded or compelled to keep a promise, or simply pressured to do a job well.
pressure somebody to do something• Sherry's boyfriend is pressuring her to have sex with him.
Origin pressure1
(1300-1400) Latin pressura, from premere; → PRESS2
pres·sure1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1pressure2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 687 COCA: 765
pressure

noun¹

 1force produced by pressing擠壓產生的壓力ADJECTIVE | VERB + PRESSURE | PRESSURE + NOUN ADJECTIVE➤gentle, light輕微的壓力▸➤firm用力壓▸➤downward向下的壓力VERB + PRESSURE➤apply, exert, put加壓▸➤alleviate, reduce, relieve減輕壓力◇Reducing the swelling will relieve the pressure on her spine.消腫可以減輕對她脊椎的壓力。PRESSURE + NOUN➤sensor壓力傳感器◇Pressure sensors in the seats tell the system which ones aren't occupied.座位上的壓力傳感器告訴系統哪些座位上沒有人。
pressure

noun²

 2force of a gas or liquid氣壓；液壓ADJECTIVE | PRESSURE + VERB | PRESSURE + NOUN ADJECTIVE➤elevated, high, low升高的壓力；高壓；低壓▸➤air, blood, water氣壓；血壓；水壓◇an instrument for measuring blood pressure測量血壓的儀器➤atmospheric, barometric大氣壓➤tyre/tire輪胎壓力PRESSURE + VERB➤build up, increase, rise壓力升高➤maintain壓力保持▸➤ease, fall壓力下降PRESSURE + NOUN➤gauge壓力計➤valve壓力閥➤cooker壓力鍋
pressure

noun³

 3stress精神壓力ADJECTIVE | VERB + PRESSURE | PRESSURE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤considerable, constant, intolerable, relentless, undue, unrelenting巨大的／不間斷的／難以忍受的／持續的／過度的／不緩解的壓力➤added, increased, increasing增加的壓力◇Retailers face added pressure to have the products available by Christmas.零售商還要額外面臨在聖誕節前備好那些商品的壓力。➤commercial, competitive, economic, financial, political, social商業／競爭／經濟／財政／政治／社會壓力◇The economic pressures on small businesses are intense.小企業的經濟壓力很大。➤external外部壓力◇His own desires conflict with external pressures to conform.他自己的慾望與要求他與大家保持一致的外部壓力相衝突。➤downward, upward向下的／向上的壓力◇This puts upward pressure on prices.這迫使價格上漲。VERB + PRESSURE➤place sb under, put sb under置某人於壓力之下➤create製造壓力◇When more people move into an area, that creates pressures.當越來越多的人湧入一個地區，那就造成了壓力。➤cope with, handle, withstand應付／應對／頂住壓力▸➤escape, get away from躲避壓力◇It's an ideal place in which to relax and escape the pressures of modern life.那是放鬆身心、躲避現代生活壓力的理想地方。➤alleviate, ease, reduce, relieve減輕壓力◇They are looking for ways to ease the pressure of their stress-filled, competitive existence.他們正在想辦法給他們充滿壓力和競爭的生活減壓。➤heighten, intensify提高／加大壓力◇There is a constant drive to exploit workers and intensify the pressure of work.總是有人想要剝削工人和增加他們的工作壓力。PRESSURE + VERB➤build up, increase壓力增大PREPOSITION➤under pressure在壓力下◇He's felt under pressure since his wife had the operation.妻子做手術以來，他一直覺得壓力很大。➤pressure on對⋯的壓力◇There's a lot of pressure on the soldiers preparing for battle.準備奔赴戰場的士兵承受着很大的壓力。PHRASES➤pressure of work工作壓力◇The cruise was a welcome relief from the pressure of work.乘船遊覽是一種受歡迎的緩解工作壓力的方式。
pressure

noun⁴

 4attempt to persuade/influence sb迫使人就範的力量ADJECTIVE | VERB + PRESSURE | PRESSURE + VERB | PRESSURE + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤enormous, great, intense, strong, tremendous巨大的壓力；強大的壓力◇There is intense pressure on her to resign.要她辭職的壓力很大。➤growing, increased, increasing, mounting日益增大的壓力▸➤popular公眾的壓力◇The government bowed to popular pressure and repealed the law.政府屈於公眾的壓力廢除了這項法律。➤international國際壓力◇the use of the Internet to put international pressure on authoritarian regimes利用因特網從國際上給獨裁政權施加壓力➤peer, peer-group (especially BrE) 同輩壓力◇She started smoking because of peer pressure.她開始吸煙是由於受到同輩壓力的影響。VERB + PRESSURE➤bring to bear, exert, generate, place, put施加壓力◇This concession would not have happened but for the pressure that was brought to bear on the authorities.如果不是因為對當局施加了壓力，就不會有這一讓步。◇My parents never put any pressure on me to get a job.父母從來沒有催我找工作。➤place sb under, put sb under置某人於壓力之下▸➤be brought under, be under, come under, experience, face被迫；受到壓力；面對壓力◇Hospital staff are coming under pressure to work longer hours.醫院的工作人員正面臨延長工作時間的壓力。➤heighten, intensify加大壓力◇This has heightened pressure for economic sanctions against the regime.這一舉措加大了對該政權經濟制裁的壓力。➤resist, withstand頂住／承受壓力▸➤bow to, give in to, respond to屈服於壓力；對壓力作出反應◇The editor bowed to pressure from his staff, and the article was suppressed.主編屈從於編輯人員的壓力，沒有發表這篇文章。PRESSURE + VERB➤intensify, mount壓力增加PRESSURE + NOUN➤group壓力集團➤tactic壓力戰術◇Large companies were criticized for using pressure tactics against small suppliers.大公司因對小型供應商施加壓力而遭到批評。PREPOSITION➤under pressure在壓力之下◇Management is under pressure to set an example on pay restraint.資方受到壓力，被要求為限薪作出表率。➤pressure for對⋯的催促◇pressure for change in the country's economy敦促對國家經濟進行改革➤pressure from來自⋯的壓力◇pressure from religious groups來自宗教團體的壓力➤pressure on對⋯的壓力◇pressure on foreign diplomats對外國外交官的壓力PHRASES➤keep the pressure on sb, keep up the pressure on sb, maintain the pressure on sb保持對某人的壓力◇Farmers need to keep (up) the pressure on Congress.農民們需要繼續對國會施加壓力。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 687 COCA: 765
pressure verb
⇨ press 2pressure noun
⇨ pressure 1 (the pressures of work) ⇨ pressure 2 (the pressure to conform) ⇨ weight (apply pressure to the wound) ⇨ under pressure ⇨ tense adj.pressure2

noun

 the pressures of work 工作压力the pressure to conform 守规矩的要求pressure ♦︎ force ♦︎ coercion ♦︎ compulsionThese are all words for the act of trying to make sb do sth, sometimes using threats or violence. 这些词均表示强迫、胁迫。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达强迫的程度
pressure➔coercion➔force
compulsion
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆pressure / compulsion on sb◆under pressure / coercion / compulsion◆by force / coercion / compulsion◆pressure / compulsion to do sth◆physical pressure / force / coercion◆legal pressure / compulsion◆to use force / coercion■ pressure [uncountable] the act of trying to persuade or force sb to do sth 催促；要求；强迫◆The pressure for change continued to mount.改革的呼声持续高涨。◆My parents never put any pressure on me to work in the family business.父母从来不强迫我在家族企业中工作。◆Teenagers may find it difficult to resist peer pressure (= pressure to behave in the same way as others of your age).青少年可能觉得很难抗拒同龄人的压力。■ force [uncountable] physical violence used to make sb do sth or to achieve sth 武力；暴力◆We will achieve much more by persuasion than by brute force.我们通过说服会比使用暴力获得多得多的成果。◆There were plans to seize power by force of arms (= by military action).曾经有武装夺权的计划。  see also force ⇨ force verb ■ coercion kəʊˈɜːʃn; NAmE koʊˈɜːrʒn [uncountable] (formal) the act of making sb do sth that they do not want to, using threats or force （通过威胁或武力的）强迫，胁迫◆His defence was that he was acting under coercion.他辩解说他这么做是被人胁迫的。■ compulsion [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) strong pressure that makes sb do sth they do not want to do, especially sth they should do according to a law, rule or contract （尤指根据法律、规定或合同的）强迫，强制◆You are under no compulsion to pay.没有规定你要付款。◆There are no compulsions on students to attend classes.没有强制要求学生上课。  see also compel ⇨ force verb , compulsory ⇨ necessary pressure1

noun

 the pressures of work 工作压力the pressure to conform 守规矩的要求pressure ♦︎ stress ♦︎ tension ♦︎ strain ♦︎ demands ♦︎ heatThese are all words for the feelings of anxiety caused by the problems in sb's life. 这些词均表示生活的压力、紧张。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be under pressure / stress / strain◆pressure / stress / demands / heat on sb◆considerable pressure / stress / tension / strain / demands◆social / economic / financial pressure / stress / demands◆to cause stress / tension / strain◆to cope with the pressure / stress / tension / strain / demands◆to deal with / handle the pressure / stress / tension / demands◆to relieve / release the pressure / stress / tension / strain◆to feel the pressure / tension / strain / heat◆to take the pressure / strain / heat◆to suffer from stress / tension■ pressure [uncountable] ( pressures [plural]) difficulties and feelings of anxiety that are caused by the need to achieve sth or to behave in a particular way 心理压力；紧张◆She was unable to attend because of the pressure of work.由于工作紧张，她不能出席。◆How can anyone enjoy the pressures of city life?怎么会有人喜欢都市生活的压力呢？   see also under pressure ⇨ tense ■ stress [uncountable, countable, usually plural] pressure or anxiety caused by the problems in sb's life 精神压力；心理负担；紧张◆emotional / mental stress情绪／精神压力◆stress-related illnesses与精神压力有关的疾病◆Stress is often a factor in the development of long-term sickness.压力常常是患上慢性病的一个原因。◆She failed to withstand the stresses and strains of public life.她忍受不了公众人物生活的紧张和压力。   see also stressful ⇨ stressful , stressed ⇨ tense NOTE 辨析 Pressure or stress?It is common to say that sb is suffering from stress; pressure may be the thing that causes stress. 经常说suffer from stress，pressure也许是引发stress的原因。■ tension [uncountable, countable, usually plural] a feeling of anxiety and stress that makes it impossible to relax （情绪上的）紧张，烦躁◆She was suffering from nervous tension.她当时神经紧张。◆Walking and swimming are excellent for releasing tensions.散步和游泳能很好地放松紧张情绪。   see also tense ⇨ stressful , tense ⇨ tense ■ strain [uncountable, countable] pressure on sb/sth because they have too much to do or manage; the problems, worry or anxiety that this produces 压力；重负；重压之下出现的问题（或担忧、焦虑）◆Their marriage is under great strain at the moment.眼下他们的婚姻关系非常紧张。◆These repayments are putting a strain on our finances.偿还这些债务对我们的财务状况造成压力。◆Relax, and let us take the strain (= do things for you).别担心，我们来帮你分担一下压力。  see also strained ⇨ stressful , strained ⇨ tense ■ demands [plural] things that sb/sth makes you do, especially things that are difficult or make you tired or worried （尤指困难或使人劳累、令人烦恼的）要求◆the demands of children / work照顾孩子／工作中的累人的事◆Flying makes enormous demands on pilots.飞行驾驶对飞行员要求很高。■ heat [uncountable] (rather informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) pressure on sb to do or achieve sth 压力；逼迫◆The heat is on now that the election is only a week away.离选举只有一个星期了，大家开始感觉到有压力了。◆Can she take the heat of this level of competition?她承受得了这种水平的比赛的压力吗？
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 687 COCA: 765

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