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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3499 COCA: 4003

artificial

Word family 
ar·ti·fi·cial /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl◂ $ ˌɑːr-/ ●●● S3 adjectiveadj [usually before noun]  
1  ARTIFICIALnot real or not made of natural things but made to be like something that is real or natural 人造的，人工的 SYN false OPP natural
 artificial flowers
假花
 artificial light
人造光
 artificial fertilizers
化肥
→4  See picture of 见图 NATURAL 1
2  an artificial situation or quality exists because someone has made it exist, and not because it is really necessary 人为的
 artificial distinctions
人为差别
 artificial barriers of gender and race
性别和种族的人为障碍
3  PRETENDartificial behaviour is not sincere – used to show disapproval 〔行为〕虚假的，不真挚的，矫揉造作的〔含贬义〕 OPP genuine
 an artificial smile
假笑
—artificially adverbadv
 Food prices are being kept artificially low.
食品价格正被人为地控制在低水平。
—artificiality /ˌɑːtəfɪʃiˈæləti $ ˌɑːr-/ noun [uncountableU]
n COLLOCATIONS
nouns
artificial light/lighting
Energy is being wasted by using artificial lighting when daylight is adequate.
artificial sweeteners (=used to make food or drink taste sweeter)
Diet drinks contain artificial sweeteners like saccharin.
artificial colours (=used in food)
I try to buy food that is free from artificial colours.
artificial flavours
Ice cream often has artificial flavours in it.
artificial additives (=used to give food more colour or taste)
Artificial additives such as colourings, sweeteners and flavour enhancers aren’t permitted in baby foods.
artificial preservatives (=used to preserve food)
This jam has no artificial preservatives.
artificial flowers
a vase of stiff-looking artificial flowers
an artificial environment
Animals hate being confined in an artificial environment.
artificial grass
artificial grass tennis courts
artificial snow
Some ski resorts use huge amounts of artificial snow.
an artificial pitch British EnglishBrE
The club is building a new artificial training pitch at its sports ground.
 THESAURUS
artificial not real or natural, but made to look or work like something real or natural 人造的；人工的〔尤指模拟自然的〕
artificial flowers
假花
He was given an artificial heart.
他被植入了人造心脏。
synthetic made using chemical processes rather than by natural processes 合成的
synthetic fabrics
合成纤维
a synthetic version of the drug
合成药物
man-made made by people – used especially about geographical features and materials 〔尤指地貌或材料〕人造的，人工的
a man-made lake
人工湖
man-made fibres
人造纤维
fake made to look or seem like something else, especially in order to deceive people 伪造的，冒充的
a fake passport
假护照
fake fur
人造毛皮
imitation made to look like something, but not real – used especially about guns, jewellery, and leather 〔尤指枪支、珠宝和皮革〕人造的，仿制的
imitation firearms
仿真枪
imitation pearls
人造珍珠
false artificial – used especially about teeth, eyelashes, and beards 〔尤指牙齿、睫毛和胡须〕人造的，人工的
a set of false teeth
一副假牙
simulated not real, but made to look, sound, or feel real, especially by means of special computers or machines 〔尤指由计算机或机械〕模仿的，模拟的
a simulated space flight
模拟航天飞行
virtual made, done, seen etc on a computer, rather than in the real world 〔在计算机上〕虚拟的，非现实的
a virtual tour of the garden
虚拟花园游览
Examples from the Corpus
artificial• On the surface she seems quite a pleasant woman, but there's something very artificial about her.• High import taxes give their goods an artificial advantage in the market.• Carter was saying all the right things, but his smile was artificial, and I knew I couldn't trust him.• The natural and artificial characterizing ingredients must be named on the labels.• artificial Christmas trees• In front of the grate was a tall electric fire with artificial coals, a high curved back and a triple set of burners.• The juice contains no artificial coloring or flavors.• Our ice cream contains no artificial colors or flavors.• Paradoxically the ecological problems deriving from the application of artificial fertilizers are often equally complex and extensive.• On the table was a vase filled with artificial flowers.• Through binoculars I had noted the breakwaters of what appeared to be a small artificial harbour just a mile along the coast.• Constraint-based programming is an artificial intelligence technique which finds the optimum way to allocate means and resources.• Glen wears an artificial leg.• It took Frank a while to learn to walk with the artificial leg.• The plants can grow just as well in artificial light.• We have one of those electric heaters with artificial logs.• A wreath of artificial poppies has been held down by a brick.• I usually use artificial sweetener in my coffee instead of sugar.• artificial sweeteners for coffee• An example, perhaps slightly artificial, would be found in a family photograph.
Origin artificial
(1300-1400) Old French artificiel, from Latin artificialis, from artificium; → ARTIFICE
ar·ti·fi·cial adjectiveadj →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus

See also: ldoce4317jpg

TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3499 COCA: 4003
artificial

adjective

VERBS | ADVERB VERBS➤be, look, seem人造；看上去是人造的；好像是假的ADVERB➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.極其／相當／非常不自然▸➤highly十分不自然▸➤completely, entirely, totally完全／整個／全部是假的▸➤a little, slightly, etc.有點兒／略有些不自然
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3499 COCA: 4003
artificial adj.
⇨ artificial 1 (artificial light) ⇨ artificial 2 (an artificial situation)artificial1

adjective

 artificial light 人造光an artificial situation 人为不自然的场面artificial ♦︎ synthetic ♦︎ false ♦︎ man-made ♦︎ fake ♦︎ imitationThese words all describe things that are not real, or not naturally produced or grown. 这些词均表示假的、非天然的、人工的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆artificial / synthetic / man-made fabrics / fibres / materials / products◆artificial / synthetic / fake / imitation fur / leather◆artificial / synthetic / false / fake / imitation diamonds / pearls■ artificial made or produced to copy sth natural; not real 人工的；人造的；假的◆The patient was kept alive by the artificial heart for nearly two months.人造心脏让那个病人存活了近两个月。◆All food served in the restaurant is completely free from any artificial colours and flavours.这家饭店提供的所有食物绝对没有人工色素和人工香料。◆I don't like having to do detailed work in artificial light.我不喜欢在人造光下做细致的工作。 OPP natural ⓘ Natural things exist in nature and are not made or caused by human beings. * natural指自然界存在的，非人造的◆the natural world (= of trees, rivers, animals and birds) 自然界◆a country's natural resources (= its coal, oil, forests, etc.) 一个国家的自然资源◆My hair soon grew back to its natural colour (= after being dyed).我的头发很快变回染发之前的颜色。 ▸ artificially

adverb

◆artificially created lakes人工湖■ synthetic made by combining chemical substances rather than being produced naturally by plants or animals 人工合成的◆synthetic drugs / dyes合成药物／染料◆shoes with synthetic soles鞋底是合成材料的鞋子 OPP natural ▸ synthetically

adverb

◆synthetically produced drugs合成药物■ false not natural; artificial 非天生的；人造的；假的◆false teeth / eyelashes假牙；假睫毛◆a false beard and moustache假胡须   see also false ⇨ so-called ■ ˌman-ˈmade made by people; not natural 人造的；非天然的◆man-made fibres such as nylon and polyester尼龙和涤纶之类的人造纤维◆Europe's largest man-made lake欧洲最大的人工湖 OPP natural ■ fake made to look like sth else; not real 伪造的；冒充的；假的◆a fake fur jacket人造毛皮夹克◆We sprayed fake snow over the trees to make it look like winter.我们在树上喷人造雪，营造出冬天的情境。 OPP genuine ⇨ real   see also fake ⇨ so-called adj. , fake ⇨ fake noun ■ imitation [only before noun] made to look like sth else; not real 伪造的；仿制的；假的◆She would never wear imitation pearls.她绝不会戴假珍珠。◆He threatened them with an imitation gun.他用仿真枪威吓他们。 OPP genuine ⇨ real   see also imitation ⇨ fake noun artificial2

adjective

 artificial light 人造光an artificial situation 人为不自然的场面artificial ♦︎ forced ♦︎ laboured ♦︎ contrived ♦︎ strainedThese words all describe an action, emotion or situation which is not natural or not what it appears to be. 这些词均表示行为、情感或场景是人为的、虚假的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a forced / strained smile◆an artificial / a contrived situation / example◆to sound forced / laboured / contrived / strained◆rather artificial / forced / laboured◆somewhat artificial / laboured / strained■ artificial created by people; not happening naturally 人为的；不自然的◆A job interview is a very artificial situation.求职面试是个非常不自然的场面。■ forced (disapproving) not sincere; not the result of genuine emotions but produced by a deliberate effort 不真诚的；勉强的◆'Good,' he said with forced cheerfulness.“好吧。”他装出高兴的样子说。OPP genuine ⇨ deep 1 ■ laboured (BrE) (NAmE labored) (disapproving) (of speech, writing, etc.) not natural and seeming to take a lot of effort （说话、写作等）不自然的，矫揉造作的，费力的◆She knew better than to interrupt one of her father's rather laboured jokes.她知道最好别去打断父亲那些颇为做作的玩笑。■ contrived kənˈtraɪvd (disapproving) planned in advance and not natural or genuine; written or arranged in a way that is not natural or realistic 预谋的；不自然的；做作的◆The letter was full of contrived excuses.信里编造了很多借口。◆The book's ending seemed contrived.这本书的结尾显得牵强。■ strained (often disapproving) not the result of genuine emotions; produced by a deliberate effort 非真心的；做作的；勉强的◆She gave a strained laugh.她勉强笑了一下。ⓘ Strained is not always as disapproving as forced: sometimes it can show or invite sympathy for a person under stress. 与forced不同，strained并不总是带有贬义，有时可以用来对处于压力之下的人表示同情或为之争取同情◆I put on my strained smile for the next patiently waiting customer.我对下一位耐心等候的顾客勉强地笑了笑。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3499 COCA: 4003
artificial
Words used to describe products made in a factory: artificial, synthetic, man-made...
Words used to describe people or behaviour that is not sincere: insincere, forced, sugary...
Imaginary and not real: imaginary, hypothetical, false...
Cheating, dishonest and insincere behaviour: dishonesty, deceit, corruption...

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