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TOEFL BNC: 1404 COCA: 2586

wage

Word family 
Related topics: Wages
wage1 /weɪdʒ/ ●●● S2 W2 noun  
1  [singular] (also wages [plural])BEW money you earn that is paid according to the number of hours, days, or weeks that you work 〔按小时、日或周计算的〕工资，薪金 → salary
 He earns a good wage.
他工资挺高。
wage increase (also wage rise British English)
 The wage increases will come into effect in June.
此次加薪将于6月份施行。
daily/weekly etc wage
 a weekly wage of $250
250美元的周薪
wage levels/rates (=fixed amounts of money paid for particular jobs) 〔特定工作固定的〕工资水平/等级
2  a living wage BEWmoney you earn for work that is enough to pay for the basic things that you need to live 维持基本生活的工资
 The church no longer paid a living wage.
教会不再支付可以维持生计的薪俸了。
Examples from the Corpus
a living wage• They had no solution to the possibility that even they might sometimes fail to find permanent employment at a living wage.• Do they feel women should remain in marriages because their jobs do not pay a living wage?• Does the example implicitly condone overtime working as a means by which a living wage is earned?
3. wage freeze BEWPGan action taken by a company, government etc to stop wages increasing 工资冻结
Examples from the Corpus
wage freeze• The 340 hourly-paid workers would not accept a wages freeze and cuts in their benefits and were sacked.• Three-quarters of the workforce was sacked after failing to accept a management plan which involved a wages freeze and benefit cuts.• Those who had feared price and wage freezes were relieved.• They agreed to return to work but under protest at the wage freeze and benefits cuts.• The wage freeze was part of a campaign to bring down inflation from 2,000-2,500 percent to a target of 13 percent.
4. wage claim BEWBELthe amount of money asked for by workers as an increase in wages 增加工资的要求，加薪要求
Examples from the Corpus
wage claim• In the summer of 1953 the union carried out strikes and go-slows in support of a wage claim, but were locked out.• There was also concern that a renewed upturn in inflation could inflame wage claims in the forthcoming pay round.• The union will engage in negotiations with the employers in an attempt to persuade them that the wage claim is justified.• Meanwhile, trade unions became more active in their wage claims, and a vicious price-wage-price spiral developed.• Mr Scargill urged the miners to prepare for battle: they must stand firm over their wage claim.• Many, therefore, blamed Callaghan for the explosion in union wage claims that followed in the early seventies.
n COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
high
The factory workers are demanding higher wages.
low
There are high numbers of people on low wages.
good
They were earning good wages.
Wages are good compared to other occupations.
a decent wage (=one that is reasonable and allows you to buy what you need)
Jobs in the factories used to pay a decent wage, but those jobs are gone now.
the hourly/daily/monthly etc wage
The average daily wage was £100.
the minimum wage (=the lowest amount of money that an employer can legally pay to a worker)
a rise in the minimum wage
the basic wage (=what someone earns before overtime pay, tips, or bonuses are added)
The basic wage paid at the factory is the lowest in the auto industry, but with bonuses, the total compensation is the highest.
real wages (=a calculation of how much your wages will buy, usually compared to how much you were able to buy in the past)
Average real wages rose by 26% between 1919 and 1929.
wage + NOUN
a wage increase/rise
The rail workers demanded a 20% wage increase.
a wage reduction/cut
Those who kept their jobs had to take large wage cuts.
wage levels/rates
Wage levels remained low during the 1930s.
verbs
earn a wage
Both parents were earning a wage, yet money was still tight.
pay a wage
Some firms still paid lower wages to female workers.
raise wages
He was able to raise the wages of some key staff.
Examples from the Corpus
wage• As capital moves to low-wage areas, the employment rate tends to rise, and wages are pushed up.• Steve makes a decent wage as a civil engineer.• Without qualifications it's nearly impossible to get a job with decent wages.• In general, computer jobs pay good wages.• Being of very modest means, but having some contacts upon the turf, he attempted to increase his wages by gambling.• Elvina earns an hourly wage of $11.• Most of the new jobs in the area only pay the minimum wage.• The Trotskyist movement has long advocated a sliding scale of wages to meet the rising cost of living.• About 35p of this went on wages.• The behaviour of both productivity and product wages do not conform precisely to the simplest description of overaccumulation.• There was, in the mid century, a gap between rising wages and even more rapidly rising prices that favoured investment.• Farmers are businessmen and since wages constitute a cost of production they will normally pay no more than prevailing conditions dictate.
wage levels/rates• Whether leisure time increases or decreases as wage rates rise is an empirical question.• Controlling for the other variables, Thaler and Rosen found a clear systematic tendency for wage rates to rise with increasing risk.• The effect of wage rates is a result of two conflicting elements.• Resultant wage levels eroded corporate liquidity and profitability, although the extent of the deterioration varied between nations.• It is for these reasons that wage rates differ from one job to the next.• In Fig. 11-7 the wage rates for labour in the two localities are shown on the vertical axis.• It is the demand and supply conditions in these segmented markets which help to determine the wage rates of different workers.• He set the wage levels, the production targets, the safety standards, and he really planned the whole industry.
wage2 verb [transitiveT]  
FIGHT FOR OR AGAINST somethingto be involved in a war against someone, or a fight against something 发动，进行〔战争或斗争〕
wage war (on somebody/something)
 The police are waging war on drug pushers in the city.
警方正在市内开展一场打击毒贩的斗争。
wage a campaign/struggle/battle etc
 The council has waged a vigorous campaign against the proposal.
市政会发起了一场激烈的运动反对这项提议。
Examples from the Corpus
wage• But the anguished upstate New York social worker now finds himself waging a spirited campaign to keep his sibling from death row.• Bernard would lie awake for hours waging his nightly battle with carnality, slapping it down, groaning.• And war must be waged on organized crime.• So he theorized that, for democracies, waging war had a hyperbolic boomerang-like effect on society.
wage a campaign/struggle/battle etc• They have waged a campaign against Town.• They waged a battle, and we waged a skirmish, and they won.• Pasok denied yesterday it was waging a battle on two fronts.
From Longman Business Dictionary
wagewage /weɪdʒ/ noun [countableC]
(also wages)HUMAN RESOURCES money that someone earns according to the number of hours, days, or weeks that they work, especially money that is paid each week
The average hourly wage in the industry is $8.
Workers were demanding a 10% wage increase.
The new law would mean a 5% pay cut for most wage earners.
For the average worker, wages rose 4.6%.
She worked long hours for low wages.
→ basic wage → living wage → minimum wage → money wages → real wages
Origin wage1
(1300-1400) Old North French “guarantee, wage”
 wage2
(1300-1400) Old North French wagier “to give as a guarantee”, from wage; → WAGE1
wage1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1wage2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL BNC: 1404 COCA: 2586
wage

noun

 ( wages) ADJECTIVE | VERB + WAGE | WAGE + VERB | WAGE + NOUN | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤competitive, decent, fair, good, high有競爭力的薪酬；像樣的工資；相當不錯的薪水；高薪▸➤inadequate, low, meagre/meager, poverty, small不足的薪水；低薪；微薄的工資◇Women's wages were lower than men's.女性的工資比男性低。◇He busked to supplement his meagre wages.他靠街頭賣藝來貼補微薄的工資。➤falling, rising下降的／上漲的工資▸➤annual, daily, hourly, regular, weekly, etc.年薪、日薪、時薪、固定工資、週薪等▸➤money現金工資；貨幣工資▸➤nominal, real名義／實際工資◇Real wages fell last year, when inflation is taken into account.若把通貨膨脹考慮在內，去年的實際工資下降了。➤basic, standard基本／標準工資◇a basic wage of £100 a week plus tips每星期 100 英鎊的基本工資外加小費➤livable, living勉強能維持生活的工資◇workers fighting for a living wage為獲得能維持生活的工資而鬥爭的工人➤minimum最低工資◇The Government this week raised the national minimum wage. (especially BrE) 政府本週提高了全國的最低工資標準。◇They both work minimum-wage jobs. (especially NAmE) 他們倆幹的都是拿最低工資的活兒。➤prevailing (especially NAmE) 普遍工資◇The prevailing wage for construction work is about $9 per hour.建築行業的工資普遍是每小時 9 美元。◇The prevailing wage is generally determined by local union rates.普遍工資一般取決於地方工會工資標準。➤average, median (especially NAmE) 平均／中等工資➤back, lost, unpaid欠薪；損失的工資；未付的工資◇to receive reimbursement for lost wages因工資損失得到補償VERB + WAGE➤pay支付工資▸➤earn, make (especially NAmE) 掙工資◇She earns a good wage at the factory.她在工廠裏掙的工資挺高。◇15 million Americans make minimum wage.有 1,500 萬美國人拿的是最低工資。◇He made a good wage as a trader.作為交易員他掙的工資很高。➤live on靠工資生活◇How can you live on such a low wage?靠這麼低的工資你怎麼生活？➤demand要求工資◇Semi-skilled tradesmen began to demand higher wages.半熟練工匠開始要求更高的工資。➤offer提供工資◇The store argues that it offers competitive wages.該商店認為自己提供的工資具有競爭力。➤accept接受工資➤receive得到工資➤determine, set決定／確定工資◇Markets set the wages.市場決定工資。➤increase, push up, raise增加工資；推動工資水平上升；加薪◇Full employment pushed up wages.充分就業使工資水平上升了。➤cut, depress, drive down, force down, hold down, keep down, keep low, lower削減薪水；壓低工資；維持低工資；降低工資▸➤supplement補貼工資➤dock扣工資◇They docked his wages for arriving at work two hours late.因為上班遲到兩小時，他們扣了他的工資。WAGE + VERB➤increase, rise工資增加；薪水上漲▸➤fall薪水降低WAGE + NOUN➤earner掙工資的人▸➤labour/labor, labourer/laborer, workers雇傭勞動；雇傭工人➤slave (figurative) 工資奴隸◇my life as a corporate wage slave我奴隸般的工薪族生活➤claim加薪要求◇The union submitted a wage claim for a 9% rise.工會提交了加薪 9% 的要求。➤bargaining, negotiations工資談判▸➤agreement, settlement工資協議／解決方案▸➤cut, reduction減薪；工資削減▸➤cap, controls, freeze, restraint最高工資限額；工資控制；工資凍結；工資遏制◇The government promised greater tax cuts in return for continued wage restraints.政府承諾加大減稅的幅度以換取遏制工資增長的繼續實行。➤explosion, growth, hike, increase, inflation, rise (BrE) 工資激增；工資增長；工資上漲▸➤bill, costs工資單；工資成本▸➤structure, system工資結構／制度➤rate, scale (especially NAmE) 工資率；工資等級➤differential, gap, inequality工資差異／差距／不平等◇wage differentials between large and small companies大型公司和小型公司之間的工資差異◇the wage gap between men and women男女之間的工資差距➤packet (BrE) 工資袋；所得工資◇He got his first wage packet at fourteen years old.他在 14 歲時領到了他的第一份工錢。PHRASES➤a cut in wages, a decline in wages, a fall in wages減薪▸➤a downward pressure on wages, an upward pressure on wages降薪壓力；漲薪壓力◇Staff shortages have put an upward pressure on wages.員工短缺造成了漲薪的壓力。➤growth in wages, an increase in wages, a rise in wages (especially BrE) 加薪；工資增加
TOEFL BNC: 1404 COCA: 2586
wage noun
⇨ incomewage verb
⇨ fight 1
TOEFL BNC: 1404 COCA: 2586

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