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injure

verb

injure ♦︎ wound ♦︎ hurt ♦︎ bruise ♦︎ maim ♦︎ sprain ♦︎ pull ♦︎ tear ♦︎ twist ♦︎ strainThese words all mean to harm yourself or sb else physically, especially in an accident. 这些词均表示使身体受伤，尤指因事故而致。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to injure / hurt / strain yourself◆to injure / hurt / sprain / pull / tear / strain a muscle◆to injure / hurt / sprain / twist your ankle / foot / knee◆to injure / hurt / sprain your wrist / hand◆to injure / hurt / strain your back / shoulder / eyes◆to injure / hurt your spine / neck◆to be badly injured / wounded / hurt / bruised / maimed / sprained / torn◆to be severely injured / wounded / hurt / bruised / sprained◆to be seriously injured / wounded / hurt / bruised◆to be slightly injured / wounded / hurt / bruised / sprained◆to accidentally injure / wound / hurt sb / sth■ injure [transitive] to harm yourself or sb else physically, especially in an accident （尤指在事故中）伤害，使受伤◆He injured his knee playing hockey.他打曲棍球时膝盖受了伤。◆Three people were killed and five injured in the crash.撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。◆She injured herself during training.她在训练时受了伤。■ wound wuːnd [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to injure part of the body, especially by making a hole in the skin using a weapon 使（身体部位）受伤；（尤指用武器）伤害◆He was wounded in the arm.他手臂受了伤。◆About 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.约有50人在袭击中受了重伤。ⓘ Wound is often used to talk about people being hurt in war or in other attacks which affect a lot of people. * wound常指在战争中或在波及许多人的其他袭击中使人受伤。■ hurt (hurt, hurt) [transitive, intransitive] to cause physical pain to sb/yourself; to injure sb/yourself 使疼痛；伤害◆He hurt his back playing squash.他打壁球时背部受了伤。◆Did you hurt yourself?你伤着自己了吗？◆Stop it. You're hurting me.住手，你弄疼我了。◆My back is really hurting me today.我今天背疼得厉害。◆Strong light hurts my eyes.强光刺痛我的眼睛。◆My shoes hurt－they're too tight.我的鞋子太紧，穿着夹脚。   see also hurt ⇨ hurt verb 2 NOTE 辨析 Hurt or injure?You can hurt or injure a part of the body in an accident. Hurt emphasizes the physical pain caused; injure emphasizes that the part of the body has been damaged in some way. 在事故中使身体受伤用hurt或injure均可，hurt强调身体疼痛，injure强调身体部位受到某种损伤。■ bruise bruːz [transitive, intransitive] to make a blue, brown or purple mark (a bruise) appear on the skin after sb has fallen or been hit; to develop a bruise （使）出现瘀伤；撞伤；摔伤◆She had slipped and badly bruised her face.她滑了一跤，摔得鼻青脸肿。◆Careful: I bruise easily.小心，我很容易受瘀伤。▸ bruising

noun

 [uncountable] ◆ (rather formal) She suffered severe bruising, but no bones were broken.她挫伤严重，但骨头没断。■ maim [transitive] (rather formal) to injure sb seriously, causing permanent damage to their body 使残废；使受（永久性）伤害◆Hundreds of people are killed or maimed in car accidents every week.每周都有数百人因车祸而丧生或致残。■ sprain [transitive] to injure part of your body, especially your ankle, wrist or knee, by suddenly bending it in an awkward way, causing pain and swelling 扭伤（踝、腕、膝）◆I stumbled and sprained my ankle.我摔了一跤，扭伤了脚踝。▸ sprain

noun

 [countable] ◆a bad ankle sprain踝关节严重扭伤■ pull [transitive] to injure a muscle, etc., by stretching it too much 拉伤，扭伤（肌肉等）◆She has pulled her Achilles tendon.她拉伤了跟腱。■ tear teə(r); NAmE ter(tore, torn) [transitive] to injure a muscle, etc., by stretching it too much 拉伤，扭伤（肌肉等）◆She's torn a ligament in her right hand.她右手的一处韧带拉伤了。NOTE 辨析 Pull or tear?To pull or tear a muscle is basically the same action, but a torn muscle is more badly injured than a pulled muscle: the injury or tear goes further across the muscle. You can talk about a badly torn muscle but not◆a badly pulled muscle * pull a muscle和tear a muscle意思基本相同，均指拉伤、扭伤肌肉，但a torn muscle的伤势比a pulled muscle严重，撕裂的部分（亦称tear）更大。可以说a badly torn muscle（严重拉伤的肌肉），但不说 a badly pulled muscle。■ twist [transitive] to suddenly bend a part of your body, especially your ankle, wrist or knee, in an awkward way, causing an injury that involves pain and swelling 扭伤（踝、腕、膝）◆She fell and twisted her ankle.她摔了一下，把脚崴了。NOTE 辨析 Sprain or twist?A sprain is an injury to your ankle, wrist or knee that causes pain and swelling; to sprain your ankle/wrist/knee is to injure it in this way. To twist your ankle/wrist/knee is to do the action (= to suddenly bend it in an awkward way) that causes the injury. * sprain作名词表示踝、腕、膝的扭伤。sprain作动词时可后接ankle/wrist/knee，表示对这些部位造成扭伤。动词twist也可后接ankle/wrist/knee，表示造成扭伤的动作。■ strain [transitive] to injure yourself or part of your body by making it work too hard 使劳损；拉伤；扭伤◆Don't strain your eyes by reading in poor light.别在光线差的地方看书以免眼睛过度疲劳。◆Are you sure you can carry all that? Don't strain yourself.你真提得了那么多东西吗？别把自己弄伤了。▸ strain

noun

 [countable, uncountable] ◆a calf / groin / leg strain腿肚子／腹股沟／腿部拉伤◆muscle strain肌肉劳损

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