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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5086 COCA: 5273

exile

Word family 
ex·ile1 /ˈeksaɪl, ˈeɡzaɪl/ ●○○ noun  
1  [singular, uncountableU]LEAVE YOUR HOME/COUNTRY a situation in which you are forced to leave your country and live in another country, especially for political reasons 〔尤指出于政治原因的〕流亡国外
in exile
 a writer now living in exile
现正过着流亡生活的作家
 He went into exile to escape political imprisonment.
他为了逃避政治监禁而流亡国外。
force/drive somebody into exile
 The house was raided and the family was forced into exile.
房子被抄，全家人被迫流亡。
 He spent many years in enforced exile.
他被强制流放了许多年。
voluntary/self-imposed exile
 She had been in voluntary exile since 1990.
她从1990年起一直自愿流亡。
2  [countableC]LEAVE YOUR HOME/COUNTRY someone who has been forced to live in exile 被流放者；流亡国外者
 political exiles
政治流亡者
→ tax exile
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
go into exile
Napoleon's wife and sons also went into exile.
live in exile
The Guatemalan writer has lived in exile in Mexico for over 40 years.
be sent into exile
The old leaders were removed from power and sent into exile.
be forced/driven into exile
Many of his political opponents have been forced into exile.
flee/escape into exile
Hundreds of people fled into exile or were jailed.
die in exile
He never returned to his own country, but died in exile.
return from exile
Martinez returned from exile to the islands in May 1990 and was later elected president.
adjectives
long exile
The first of many refugees have finally returned home from a long exile in Senegal.
permanent exile
The King threatened her with permanent exile.
self-imposed/voluntary exile (=when someone goes into exile willingly, without being forced)
He spoke to the media from his self-imposed exile in the United States.
enforced exile (=when someone is forced to go into exile)
After 12 years of enforced exile abroad, Almeyda returned home to Salvador.
internal exile (=when someone is forced to move somewhere within a country)
The governor has the power to send people into internal exile in other regions.
Examples from the Corpus
exile• The Smiths seduce us into aspiring to the same heroic pitch of failure and exile.• The loss to the liberation movement through gagging, imprisonment, intimidation and exile was enormous.• He wrote Hollywood Haven in response to requests for information about where the migr s and exiles lived, worked and gathered.• He was born in exile in the ex-Soviet republic of Kazahkhstan.• Euripides ended his life in exile from Athens.• Did the Lord ordain her maternal exile, or had Augustine bartered her pain for his purity?• These combine to turn a town of exiles into a place that nevertheless lifts one's spirit.• Five years of exile among strangers would soon be over.
in exile• Some of her best works were written while she was in exile.
exile2 verb [transitiveT]  
LEAVE YOUR HOME/COUNTRYto force someone to leave their country, especially for political reasons 〔尤指出于政治原因而〕放逐，流放〔某人〕
be exiled to something
 Several of the leaders were arrested and exiled to France.
好几位领导人被逮捕并流放至法国。
be exiled from something
 a dictator who was exiled from his home country
被流放异乡的独裁者
 the exiled former president
流亡国外的前总统
n Grammar
Exile is usually passive.
Examples from the Corpus
exile• Gen Pinochet has returned to a country that has elected Ricardo Lagos as president, a man he imprisoned and exiled.• But the young performers who play the exiled brothers are two of the best reasons to see this play.• Two months had passed since Emma had exiled Cassius with only the clothes on his back.• It is about motherhood and independence and it is about having women and children in society, not exiled from it.• Thousands more were exiled in labour camps on distant islands with no hope of release.• My marriage has exiled me in all the ways I predicted and more.• Quinn watched them all, anchored to his spot, as if his whole being had been exiled to his eyes.• The disloyal Duke, who had frequently been rebellious, was exiled to the Neustrian monastery of Jumieges.
Origin exile1
(1300-1400) French exil, from Latin exilium, from exul “person sent away”
ex·ile1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1exile2 verb →n GRAMMAR1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5086 COCA: 5273
exile

noun¹

 1being sent to live in another country被驅逐ADJECTIVE | VERB + EXILE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤long長期流放▸➤permanent永久流放▸➤enforced, forced強制流放▸➤self-imposed, voluntary自我放逐；自願流放▸➤internal國內流放◇Many spent decades in prison or in internal exile.許多人在監獄或國內流放中度過幾十個年頭。➤tax (BrE) 出國避稅◇They are in tax exile from the UK.他們離開英國到國外避稅。VERB + EXILE➤be driven into, be forced into, be sent into被強制流放；被流放▸➤flee into, go into逃亡；流亡◇He went into exile after the overthrow of the government.政府被推翻後他流亡國外。➤live in過流亡生活◇They joined the many other Armenians living in exile.他們加入到過着流亡生活的許多其他亞美尼亞人當中。➤die in在流放時死去➤recall sb from召回流亡中的某人▸➤return from結束流亡返回◇He still hopes to return from exile one day.他仍希望有一天可以結束流亡回國。PREPOSITION➤in exile在流亡◇She had spent 40 years in exile.她過了 40 年的流亡生活。➤exile from從⋯流放◇Dante died in exile from Florence.但丁在離開佛羅倫薩的流放中去世。➤exile to流亡到⋯◇his exile to America他流亡到美國PHRASES➤a place of exile, sb's return from exile流放地；某人結束流放回來◇the story of the emperor's return from exile皇帝結束流放回到國內的故事
exile

noun²

 2person forced to live in another country流亡者ADJECTIVE | EXILE + VERB ADJECTIVE➤political政治流亡者▸➤tax (especially BrE) 出國避稅的人➤returning結束流亡生活的人EXILE + VERB➤live流亡者生活◇a political exile living in London生活在倫敦的政治流亡者➤return被放逐的人返回◇A general amnesty was granted, allowing political exiles to return freely.頒佈的大赦令准許流亡政治犯自由返國。
exile

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤permanently, temporarily永久流放；暫時流放➤effectively事實上放逐◇He was effectively exiled after a failed bid for power.權力爭奪失敗後，他事實上被放逐了。➤forcibly強制流放PREPOSITION➤for因⋯而流放◇He was exiled for his beliefs.他因信仰而遭到流放。➤from從⋯放逐◇The family was exiled from France.全家被流放，離開了法國。➤to放逐到⋯◇He was exiled to Siberia.他被流放到西伯利亞。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5086 COCA: 5273
exile verb
⇨ expelexile noun
⇨ refugee
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5086 COCA: 5273

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