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present

Word family 
ldoce_739_zpres·ent1 /ˈprezənt/ ●●● S2 W2 adjectiveadj  
1  place 地方 [not before noun] in a particular place 出席的，到场的；存在的 OPP absent
present at/in
 Foreign observers were present at the elections.
外国观察员出席了选举。
 the gases present in the Earth’s atmosphere
地球大气中存在的气体
2  memory 记忆 [not before noun] to be felt strongly or remembered for a long time 强烈感觉到的；历历在目的
present in
 The memory of her brother’s death is still present in her mind.
哥哥去世时的情景她仍记忆犹新。
3  time 时间 [only before noun]NOW happening or existing now 目前的，现在的；现存的
 the present situation of the millions of people who are suffering poverty and disease
遭受贫困和疾病折磨的数百万人民的现状
 At the present time we have no explanation for this.
目前我们还无法解释这件事。
4  the present day  (also the present) in the time now, or modern times 现在，目前；现代
 The practice has continued from medieval times to the present day.
这种做法从中世纪时期一直延续至今。
Examples from the Corpus
the present day• Traditional Indian pottery designs are still used in the present day.• Oh, what a lesson to the world it is, even at the present day!• The strict settlement method is rarely used at the present day.• Cheque Thanks to the generosity of the Order the centre is ready to meet those needs in the present day and age.• This has continued in use to the present day and carries a vast traffic between Oxford and Coventry and Birmingham.• They are ill-adapted, obviously, to the present day: but they survive in isolated areas.• It is certainly the case that sentencing practice to the present day has manifested an uneasy and uneven relationship between the two.• Music since 1945 A survey of the principal technical and aesthetic trends in music to the present day, including electro-acoustic music.
5. all present and correct British EnglishBrE, all present and accounted for American EnglishAmEHERE used to say that everyone who is supposed to be in a place, at a meeting etc is now here 该到的都到了，如数到齐
Examples from the Corpus
all present and correct• Her face, its small universe, was all present and correct.• Missiles are there, all present and correct as listed by the Pentagon.• The 15 all present and correct had between them an astonishing 533 years' service.
6  present company excepted spokenINCLUDE used when you are criticizing a group of people and you want to tell the people you are with that they are not included in the criticism 〔批评他人时用语〕在座各位除外
 Women are never satisfied with anything! Present company excepted, of course.
女人从来不会满足！ 当然在座的各位除外。
Examples from the Corpus
present company excepted• All men are selfish pigs - present company excepted.
→ presently
n THESAURUS
present [only before noun] happening or existing now
The present situation could get much worse.
the present century
There are no plans to build more houses here at the present time.
current [only before noun] present – used especially about something that is not expected to stay the same for long
current trends in fashion
the current state of the UK economy
existing [only before noun] formal existing or being used now – used about things or situations that you think may be changed in the future
The existing offices are too small.
The proposal will strengthen existing immigration laws.
contemporary [only before noun] used about the art, writing, ideas, society etc that belong to the present time
the impact of computer-generated imagery on contemporary art and design
contemporary music in Russia
today’s/of today used about conditions and attitudes that exist now, when you are comparing them with those that existed in the past
People struggle to keep up with the pace of life in today’s world of instant communications.
the liberal ideology of today
Examples from the Corpus
present• Copies were given to all the members present.• Thankfully my brothers were not present.• In the present economic climate, investors should be cautious.• The present federal minimum wage is $ 4. 25 an hour.• Arnaud lived in Los Angeles before moving to his present home in New York.• Traces of the chemical are present in drinking water.• These are air-borne and are also present in some foods, most notably in eggs.• The woodwind can only be used for doubling notes which are already present in the brass.• A feeling of sadness was present in the room.• The new library will be double the size of the present one.• He warned that the present situation could get much worse.
present at/in• It prefers ideas to be presented in a more complex, multi-dimensional manner.• Modifications Of Wings - Although wings are usually present in adult insects many species are apterous.• Nevertheless, Kamlet-Taft solvent parameters are present in Appendix 4.• The elimination sequence is presented in Fig. 6.4.• They are presented in Table 3.• Even, in some cases, those who are not present at the game.• Similar ultrastructural features were present in the ileum and colon, with the most noticeable abnormalities present in the muscularis propria.• One idea in the wind is that Mr Gorbachev should be present at the mid-July meeting of the G7 in London.
At the present time• Marshall the ex-musician. At the present time he told Farrel, he wasn't doing anything.• Filtration At the present time there is considerable concern about concentrations of nitrogen compounds in water containing goldfish.
Related topics: Television & radio
pre·sent2 /prɪˈzent/ ●●● S2 W2 verb  
1  give 给予 [transitiveT]GIVE to give something to someone, for example at a formal or official occasion 〔在正式场合等〕颁发，授予，赠送；呈献；呈递
present somebody with something
 He was presented with a bottle of champagne.
有人送他一瓶香槟。
 She was presented with an award.
她被授予一个奖项。
present something to somebody/something
 The computer centre presented a cheque for £500 to cancer research.
那家计算机中心捐赠了一张500英镑的支票用于癌症研究。
► see thesaurus at give
2  cause STH to happen 使某事发生 [transitiveT]CAUSE to cause something to happen or exist 使发生[存在]，引起，造成
present somebody with something
 I knew I had presented her with an impossible task.
我知道我给了她一项不可能完成的任务。
present a problem/difficulty
 Large classes present great problems to many teachers.
大班教学给许多老师造成很大困难。
3  present yourself to talk and behave in a particular way when you meet people 待人处世；展示自己
 He presents himself well.
他很善于展示自己。
Examples from the Corpus
present yourself• Three difficulties present themselves: 1.• As we reach the base, an inkling of a trail presents itself.• Two immediate sets of questions present themselves about this tiny, unhappy minority of women who are imprisoned.• Rhetorically, he still presents himself as a supporter of bipartisanship.• He always presented himself as the redeemed bad boy, but it was a lie, she says.• Mendez presented himself at the Marine base in Virginia.• The rector could not avoid the thought that presented itself for consideration.• It is these patients who present themselves to the outpatient clinic.• However, before competing again you must present yourself to the tournament doctor to have both the injury and your bandaging accepted.
4  description 描述 [transitiveT]SHOW/LET somebody SEE something to show or describe someone or something 描述；展现；表现
 The artist was determined to present an accurate picture.
那位画家决心要展现一幅精准的画面。
 We’ll present the information using a chart.
我们将用图表来展示这些信息。
present somebody as something
 Shakespeare presents the hero as a noble man doomed to make mistakes.
莎士比亚把主人公表现成一位道德高尚却注定要犯错的人。
present yourself as something
 The government presents itself as being sensitive to environmental issues.
政府表现出一副对环境问题很敏感的样子。
5  speech 讲话 [transitiveT]TALK/MAKE A SPEECH to give a speech in which you offer an idea, plan etc to be considered or accepted 提出〔观点、计划等〕；陈述
6  document/ticket 文件/入场券 [transitiveT]SEE to show something such as an official document or ticket to someone in an official position 呈递，出示
7  theatre/cinema 剧院/电影院 [transitiveT]PERFORM to give a performance in a theatre, cinema etc, or broadcast a programme on television or radio 上演；演出；上映；播出〔广播或电视节目〕
8  television/radio 电视/广播 [transitiveT] British EnglishBrEAMTPRESENT/INTRODUCE A SHOW if you present a television or radio programme, you introduce its different parts 主持〔广播或电视节目〕 SYN American English host
9  appearance 外观 [transitiveT] to give something or someone a particular appearance or style 使具有…外观［风格］
10  something presents itself HAPPENif a situation, opportunity etc presents itself, it suddenly happens or exists 某事物突然出现［发生］
Examples from the Corpus
opportunity presents itself• When an attractive opportunity presents itself then action follows.• But sometimes the opportunity presents itself to be with a student in a situation that has nothing to do with schoolwork.
11  formally introduce SB 正式介绍某人INTRODUCE [transitiveT] to formally introduce someone to another person, especially to someone of a very high rank 〔正式地〕介绍，引见〔尤指向地位极高者〕
12  present your apologies/compliments etc formalMAKE used to greet someone, say sorry to them etc very politely 致歉/致意等
13  illness 疾病 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] medical to show an illness by having a particular symptom (=sign of an illness) 显露病症，表现出〔症状〕
14. present arms when soldiers present arms, they hold their guns straight up in front of them while an officer or other important person walks past 〔士兵们〕举枪致敬
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: to cause something to happen or exist 使发生[存在]，引起，造成
nouns
present a problem
These mountain roads present problems even to experienced drivers.
present difficulties
Juggling work and family responsibilities presents difficulties for women.
present a challenge
I'm enjoying my new job because it presents an interesting challenge.
present a threat
The disease presents a grave threat to the livestock industry.
present an obstacle (=cause a problem that is difficult to deal with or solve)
The lack of money presented a massive obstacle.
Examples from the Corpus
present• A little girl presented a basket of flowers to the President's wife.• This presents a different level of quality of service and perhaps even a loss of functionality.• But the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria has presented a new need for such vaccines, particularly for tuberculosis.• The Roxy is presenting a production of "Waiting for Godot" this weekend.• Theories or weak associations are sometimes presented as scientific certainties.• He was lucky enough to get a job presenting "Blue Peter."• The trophy will be presented by last year's winner, Brett Butler.• Smiley presents "Changing Rooms, " the popular home decorating programme.• Lawyers said the prosecution was allowed to present evidence, but that there was no mention of any defence evidence.• Ms Rogers will present her ideas to the Board at next week's meeting.• The picture of conservation presented here is somewhat oversimplified.• Arguello presented his passport to the border guards.• All of the following data is presented in metric tons.• The Golden Globe Awards will be presented January 18.• The National Theatre is presenting "King Lear' later this month.• May I present my parents, Mr. and Mrs. Benning?• There might be creatures in the universe to whom a thousand-year voyage would present nothing worse than slight boredom...• This evening PBS presents the first part of a six-part historical drama about the Civil War.• Who's going to present the prizes this year?• The researchers will present their findings at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society.• Restaurants take care to present their food with style.• It is useful to present these in tabular form simply adding on an extra column each year.• All passports must be presented to the immigration officer.• Last night Phil Donahue was presented with a Lifetime Achievement Award, by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences.• We have been presented with a number of plans and will give careful consideration to all of them.• Please present your boarding card at the gate.• We shall give you reasonable time to prepare and present your proposals.
presented ... award• Martin Scott, managing director Central Region, presented the awards.• I presented 29 awards and was able to announce that a further 500 companies are committed to meeting this standard.• Then the association presented its annual awards for distinction in art history, art, and criticism.• The keynote address was given by Sir Desmond Lorimer, who also presented the awards to the winners.
present a problem/difficulty• Constructing a highway in this area would present enormous difficulties.• How such racist pornographic material escaped the rye of black activists presents a problem.• The heat-of-passion defense could present problems for Lyle.• The banking system and mail service can present problems for newcomers.• This can present problems for teachers.• Live television programmes present special problems for the broadcaster.• This may precede the skin lesions by one to two weeks and present a problem in diagnosis at that stage.• But what is routine in phonological analysis often presents problems in syntactic analysis.• Britain's relationship with other members of the European Union presents Blair with problems, just as it did for the Tories.• These two factors together mean that the fundamentals of the metric system present difficulties to them.• The roots of tall standing trees can often present problems when the trees are growing on an embankment.
present yourself as something• Nature had to present itself as a difficulty to be overcome.• He presented himself as a liar, a cheat.• Rhetorically, he still presents himself as a supporter of bipartisanship.• Even the author appears undecided as to whether to present herself as blockbusting siren or scrubbed worthy.• Following mainstream psychology's prescriptions, it presents itself as committed to good methodology.• Nor did he have to present himself as piteous in order to feed his everlasting hunger for sympathy.• Most recent Prime Ministers have usually presented themselves as representing a collective Cabinet viewpoint.
present something to somebody• The report will be presented to the district board this week.
pres·ent3 /ˈprezənt/ ●●● S2 W3 noun  
1  christmas_present.jpg GIVE[countableC] something you give someone on a special occasion or to thank them for something 礼物，赠品 SYN gift
2  the present 
Examples from the Corpus
no time like the present• The chance of hire purchase, a three-piece suite, wall-to-wall carpets, no time like the present.• There is no time like the present.• There's no time like the present for beautiful skin.• The inspector, though, agreed there was no time like the present for a meeting.
3  at present at this time 现在，目前 SYN now
4  for the present something that exists or will be done for the present exists now and will continue for a while, though it may change in the future 暂时，暂且
Examples from the Corpus
for the present• But what of immediate realities and possible action for the present back in the workplace?• It is assumed, for the present, that the meeting will go ahead.• B Population is expected to remain constant and investment should be sufficient to cater for the present population.• He had decided to do nothing further for the present and leave it to Berowne to make the first move.• This means that 69 percent are not susceptible to medical intervention at least for the present.• It was best left for the present.• Live for the present and the good things which are going to happen.• A reduction in interest rates seems highly unlikely for the present.
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
give somebody a present 送某人礼物
He gave everyone a present.
他给每人一件礼物。
give something as a present 赠送某物
I was given this book as a present.
这本书是作为礼物给我的。
buy somebody a present (also get somebody a present informal) 为某人买礼物
nI want to buy a present for Lucy but I’m not sure what she’d like.
Did you get Bill a birthday present?
你给比尔准备好生日礼物了吗？
get a present (=receive a present) 收到礼物
Children soon learn to enjoy giving presents as well as getting them.
小孩子们很快体会到了收礼物和送礼物的快乐。
wrap a present 包装礼物
She spent the afternoon wrapping Christmas presents.
她花了一个下午包装圣诞礼物。
open/unwrap a present 打开礼物
Can we open our presents now?
我们现在可以打开礼物了吗？
nexchange presents (=give each other a present)
We always exchange Christmas and birthday presents.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + present
a birthday present 生日礼物
Thanks for the birthday present.
谢谢给我生日礼物。
a Christmas present 圣诞礼物
What would Dad like as a Christmas present?
爸爸会喜欢什么圣诞礼物？
a wedding present 结婚礼物
His wedding present to her had been a diamond necklace.
他送她的结婚礼物是一条钻石项链。
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘unpack a present’. Say open a present.
不要说 ‘unpack a present’. 而要说 open a present.
5 FREQUENCY 使用频率
Examples from the Corpus
present• Vic Reeves and Bob Mortimer received the award at a star-studded presentation in London last night.• I've bought you all a present!• He followed this up by giving everyone a present.• "What's this?" "It's a present for Valerie - she needs cheering up."• The knife was a present from his father.• The watch was a present from my mother.• How many birthday presents did you get?• When Jim arrived home from work, Della told Jim what she had done to buy his Christmas present.• We can't afford to spend much on Christmas presents this year.• He got a lot of expensive presents for his 21st birthday.• After the presents are opened, long-term planners are disoriented and must find new work.• For the present we must return to the adjudicative context within which natural justice and fairness operate.• How they lead us on: we for whom the present is everything, yet never enough!
From Longman Business Dictionary
presentpre·sent /prɪˈzent/ verb [transitiveT]
1to make a speech introducing an idea, plan etc to be considered
a lack of evidence presented by prosecutors
present something to somebody
The company has until July to restructure its debt and present an operating plan to its creditors.
2to produce a document, such as a ticket or pass, for an official to check
When a shopper presents a supermarket ID card, the purchases can be linked to his or her name and address.
present something to somebody
To receive care, every patient will need to present a health insurance card to the hospital or doctor.
3if something presents an opportunity, advantage, problem etc, it creates it
With interest rates slightly above 8%, the securities present an attractive alternative to stocks.
Microsoft’s Windows presents the most formidable technical challenge ever to the Macintosh.
Origin present1
(1200-1300) Old French Latin praesens, present participle of praeesse “to be before”
 present2
(1200-1300) Old French presenter, from Latin praesentare, from praesens; → PRESENT1
 present3
1. (1200-1300) Old French presenter; → PRESENT2
2. (1200-1300) → PRESENT1
pres·ent1 adjectiveadj →n THESAURUS1pre·sent2 verb →n COLLOCATIONS1pres·ent3 noun →REGISTER1 →REGISTER2
→COLLOCATIONS1 →5 FREQUENCY1
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