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presume

Word family 
Related topics: Law
pre·sume /prɪˈzjuːm $ -ˈzuːm/ ●●○ S3 AWL verb  
1  [transitiveT]THINK SO/NOT BE SURE to think that something is true, although you are not certain 料想，〔不肯定地〕认为 SYN assume
 Each of you will make a speech, I presume?
我想你们每个人都会发言，是吗？
 ‘Are his parents still alive?’ 'I presume so.’
“他的父母都还健在吗？”“我想是吧。”
presume that
 I presume we’ll be there by six o'clock.
我想我们会在6点之前到。
presume somebody/something to be somebody/something
 From the way he talked, I presumed him to be your boss.
从他谈话的样子看，我想他是你们的老板。
be presumed to do something
 The temple is presumed to date from the first century BC.
据推测这座寺庙建于公元前1世纪。
2  [transitiveT]SCLTHINK SO/NOT BE SURE to accept something as true until it is shown to not be true, especially in law 认定，认为，推定〔尤在法律上〕 SYN assume
 We must presume innocence until we have evidence of guilt.
在掌握有罪证据之前应作无罪推定。
be presumed dead/innocent etc
 Their nephew was missing, presumed dead.
他们的侄子失踪了，被认定为死亡。
3  [intransitiveI] formalRUDE/IMPOLITE to behave without respect or politeness by doing something that you have no right to do 冒昧，放肆，擅作主张
presume to do something
 I would never presume to tell you what to do.
我岂敢对你指手画脚。
4  [transitiveT usually in present tense] formalBELIEVE to accept something as being true and base something else on it 假设，设想 SYN presuppose
 The Ancient History course presumes some knowledge of Greek.
古代史课程要求略懂希腊语。
presume that
 I presume that someone will be there to meet us when we arrive.
我想我们到的时候应该会有人在那里接我们。
5  presume on/upon somebody’s friendship/generosity etc to unfairly ask someone for more than you should, because they are your friend, are generous etc 利用某人的友谊/慷慨等
 It would be presuming on his generosity to ask him for money.
向他要钱等于是在利用他的慷慨占他的便宜。
Examples from the Corpus
presume on/upon somebody’s friendship/generosity etc• I will not presume upon your friendship any further.
Examples from the Corpus
presume• The price includes all your transportation and hotels, I presume?• Was this the treatment Roman meted out to any female who presumed a little too much, grew a little too possessive?• They say Mind presumed an inquiry would involve the families and those advising them and we were astonished when it did not.• One presumes his wife Eimear knew that when she married him.• As a 19 year-old student, I presume I am one of these.• The defendant is presumed innocent until proved guilty.• Bhagat Singh, the presumed killer, eluded arrest and quickly achieved the status of hero.• The committee presumed that its decisions would be carried out.• It presumes that reality is dynamic rather than static, and therefore seeks relationships between ideas, to aim at synthesis.• Many scientists presumed the new damage to the forests to be the result of higher levels of pollution.• Persons leaving a Communist country were normally presumed to be fleeing persecution.• This, she presumed, was life.
be presumed to do something• There were presumed to be as many as the food supply could sustain.• The company shall be presumed to be carrying on its business as a going concern.• Following her hanging, a horse and cart set out from the Grassmarket carrying what was presumed to be her dead body.• Small-town dwellers feel impervious to or removed from social danger and violence; big-city folks are presumed to be numb to them.• An algorithm purporting to match what is presumed to be operating in a human brain would need to be a stupendous thing.• Men who clean and wash are presumed to have a wife in hospital.• The killers are presumed to have fled to Mexico.• Universal concepts denote phenomena which are presumed to occur universally, regardless of historical epoch or type of society.• Officially, no one was permitted to resign from B.P.; we were presumed to know too much.
be presumed dead/innocent etc• An aerial search of the area proved fruitless, and they were presumed dead.• Nineteen were killed and two went missing and are presumed dead.• The mysterious Mr Kipper has never been traced and Susie is presumed dead.• He was presumed dead, but where?
presume that• He did not say so, but I presumed that a mutual friend had told him about my separation and divorce.• The bureaucrats in their Brussels bastion wrongly presumed that bigger is better.• They pre-knew, pre-accepted, presumed that Casey was hyperactive.• They presume that changing values are declining values and seek some malign influence to blame.• I presume that I have been called here to pursue the same system, and to lead you against the enemy.• He said that he had presumed that Khumalo was speaking on behalf of Buthelezi, but realized that he was incorrect.• I can only presume that Lucker has failed in the macho stakes.• If not, one presumes that radiography would have either shown no lesion or not contributed to management of disease.
Origin presume
(1300-1400) French présumer, from Latin praesumere, from sumere “to take”
pre·sume verb
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus

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