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IELTS BNC: 331 COCA: 290
city

noun

city ♦︎ town ♦︎ village ♦︎ borough ♦︎ municipality ♦︎ metropolis ♦︎ conurbationThese words all mean a place with streets and buildings where people live and work. 这些词均表示城市、乡镇或村庄。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in a city / town / village / borough / municipality / metropolis / conurbation◆a small city / town / village / borough / municipality◆a major city / town / metropolis / conurbation◆a big city / town / village / metropolis◆a large city / town / village / conurbation◆a great city / metropolis◆a provincial city / town◆the local borough / municipality◆the city / town / village / borough council■ city [countable] a place with many streets and buildings where many people live and work 都市；城市◆The city of Boston is one of America's most historic cities.波士顿是美国最有历史意义的城市之一。◆Ely is a cathedral city in East Cambridgeshire.伊利是剑桥郡东区一座有主教座堂的城市。■ town [countable] a place where people live and work that is larger than a village but smaller than a city 镇；市镇；集镇◆The nearest town is ten miles away.最近的集镇离这里有10英里远。◆Sackville is a small university town in eastern Canada.萨克维尔是加拿大东部一个小型大学城。ⓘ Especially in American English, town [uncountable] is also used to mean the particular town where sb lives and works or one that has just been referred to. 尤其在美式英语中，不可数名词town亦指生活、工作或刚提到的城镇◆I'll be in town next week if you want to go out for a drink.如果你想到外面喝一杯的话，我下周在城里。◆He married a girl from out of town.他娶了一个外地姑娘。◆They live in a rough part of town.他们住在一个治安不太好的城区。◆This restaurant serves the best steaks in town.这家餐厅有全市最好的牛排。 The town [singular] can also be used to talk about the idea of life in towns or cities in general, as opposed to life in the country. 单数形式the town亦可指一般的城市生活，与乡村生活相对◆Do you prefer the town to the country?你喜欢城市生活还是乡村生活？   see also hometown ⇨ home 2 NOTE 辨析 City or town?A city is usually bigger than a town, but not always. Official city status is given by the king or queen (in Britain) or state governments in the US. As time went by towns and cities changed in size, so that these days it is possible to find some cities that are smaller than many towns. In American English town can also describe a smaller place than in British English, as the term village is not used so much in American English. * city通常比town大，但并不总是如此。官方的城市地位在英国由国王或女王授予，在美国由州政府授予。随着时代的变迁，town和city的规模也在变化，因此现今有的city可能比 town小。美式英语的town也可指比英式英语的town小一些的地方，因为美式英语中不太使用village这个词。■ village [countable] a very small town situated in a country area 村庄；村镇◆Appledore is a fishing village on the north coast of Devon.阿普尔多尔是德文北岸的一个渔村。◆ (especially BrE) Most basic items are available from the village shop.大多数基本用品都可以从乡村商店买到。◆Her books are about village life.她的书是关于乡村生活的。ⓘ Do not use village to talk about small towns in the US. In American English village is used for a small place in another country that seems more old-fashioned than a town in the US. 在美国说小村镇不用village。在美式英语中，village指其他国家的看似比美国小村镇古老的小地方。■ borough ˈbʌrə; NAmE ˈbɜːroʊ [countable] a town or part of a city that has its own local government 自治市镇；（城市）行政区◆She served as a local councillor in the London Borough of Westminster.她是伦敦的威斯敏斯特自治市的地方议员。■ municipality mjuːˌnɪsɪˈpæləti [countable] (formal) a political unit, such as a city, town, village or district, that has its own local government; the group of officials who govern it 自治市；（市下的）自治区；市（或区）政当局◆The municipality provides services such as electricity, water and rubbish collection.自治市政府提供电力、水和垃圾收集等服务。▸ municipal

adjective

 [usually before noun] ◆municipal elections地方政府选举■ metropolis məˈtrɒpəlɪs; NAmE məˈtrɑːpəlɪs [countable] a large important city, often the capital city of a country or region 大都会，大城市（常指首都或首府）◆Barcelona has all the amenities you would expect to find in a great metropolis.大都会应有的便利，巴塞罗那一样不缺。▸ metropolitan ˌmetrəˈpɒlɪtən; NAmE məˈtrɒˈpɑːlɪs

adjective

 [only before noun] ◆the New York metropolitan area纽约市都会带■ conurbation ˌkɒnɜːˈbeɪʃn; NAmE ˌkɑːnɜːrˈbeɪʃn [countable] (formal) a large area where towns have grown and joined together, often around a city （有卫星城镇的）大都市，集合城市◆The region has several medium-sized towns and cities, but no major conurbations.那个地区有几个中等规模的城镇，但没有大的都市。

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