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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3231 COCA: 2875

rub

Word family 
rub1 /rʌb/ ●●● S2 verb (rubbed, rubbing)  
1  [intransitiveI, transitiveT]RUB to move your hand, or something such as a cloth, backwards and forwards over a surface while pressing firmly 擦，摩擦 → stroke
rub your nose/chin/eyes/forehead etc
 She yawned and rubbed her eyes.
她打了个呵欠，揉了揉眼睛。
rub something with something
 She began rubbing her hair with a towel.
她开始用毛巾擦头发。
 You’ll have to rub harder if you want to get it clean.
如果你想把它弄干净，就得更使劲地擦。
 I hurriedly rubbed myself dry.
我赶紧把自己擦干。
► see thesaurus at touch
2  [intransitiveI, transitiveT]RUB to make something press against something else and move it around 使…相互摩擦，揉，搓
rub something against/on something
 She stood by the oven, rubbing one bare foot against the other.
她站在烤箱旁边，两只光脚丫互相蹭着。
rub against
 The cat purred loudly, rubbing against her legs.
那只猫咕噜咕噜地大声叫着，在她的腿上蹭来蹭去。
rub something together
 We tried to make a fire by rubbing two pieces of wood together.
我们把两块木头相互摩擦，试图生出火来。
 He rubbed his hands together with embarrassment.
他尴尬地搓着手。
3  [intransitiveI, transitiveT]RUB if shoes, clothes, or parts of a machine rub, they move around while pressing against another surface, often causing pain or damage 磨，蹭；磨损；磨痛
 Badly fitting shoes are bound to rub.
不合适的鞋子肯定磨脚。
rub against/on
 The front left fender was smashed and rubbing against the wheel.
左前轮挡泥板被撞碎，蹭到了轮子。
 The skin under my sock was rubbed raw (=the skin had come off).
我袜子下面的皮肤被磨破了。
4  [transitiveT always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]RUB to put a substance into or onto a surface by pressing it and moving it about with your fingers or something such as a cloth 涂，抹，搽
 Can you rub some sun cream on my back for me?
给我的背上抹些防晒霜好吗？
5  rub shoulders with somebody informal (also rub elbows with somebody American English)SOCIALIZE to meet and spend time with people, especially rich and famous people 与某人交往〔尤指富人和名人〕
 As a reporter he gets to rub shoulders with all the big names in politics.
身为记者，他有机会与所有政界大人物打交道。
Examples from the Corpus
rub shoulders with somebody• As a reporter he gets to rub shoulders with all the big names in politics and the media.• Samurai warriors of the Shoguns rubbed shoulders with Eskimos and headhunters.• The great Council House of 1879 and the neo-Classical Town Hall rub shoulders with the bold and modern.• The think-tank will have florists rubbing shoulders with the chief of Apple Computers.• He shows no urge to rub shoulders with the lower orders but, if anything, a tendency to keep his distance.• But yesterday, possums, Dame Edna Everage revealed that she was fed up with rubbing shoulders with the rich and famous.• The daughter of an itinerant farm worker, Ward now rubs shoulders with the rich, famous and glamorous.• Voice over Here the stars for the day rub shoulders with the stars of the show.
6. rub salt into the wound informalWORSE to make a bad situation even worse for someone 在伤口上抹盐，加深〔某人的〕痛苦
Examples from the Corpus
rub salt into the wound• Boro rubbed salt into the wound by scoring with their first genuine scoring attempt.• To rub salt into the wound, they had Michael Mols sent off.
7. rub somebody up the wrong way British EnglishBrE informal, rub somebody the wrong way American English informalANNOY to annoy someone by the things you say or do, usually without intending to 〔一般指无意地〕惹恼某人，触怒某人
8. be rubbing your hands informalHAPPY to be pleased because something has happened which gives you an advantage, especially because something bad has happened to someone else 〔因某事发生给自己带来好处而〕高兴地搓着手〔尤指幸灾乐祸〕
Examples from the Corpus
be rubbing your hands• And ace marksman Aldo is rubbing his hands in glee at the prospect.• Frankie was rubbing his hands together and Chopper merely nodded now and then with a silly expression on his face.• Good quality barley is making £151 a tonne so, not unnaturally, both farmers and merchants are rubbing their hands.• Battle is joined and lawyers are rubbing their hands in anticipation.• The doctor was rubbing her hands, probably to warm them, but it looked like a gesture of glee and greed.• He was rubbing your hands to warm you up.• Players' agents and satellite salesmen will be rubbing their hands with glee.• Thousands of people will be rubbing their hands with glee.
9. rub somebody’s nose in it/in the dirt informalREMIND/MAKE somebody REMEMBER to keep reminding someone about something they did wrong or failed to do, especially in order to punish them 不断提起某人的过失，揭某人的伤疤〔尤指为了惩罚某人〕
10. not have two pennies/halfpennies/beans to rub together British EnglishBrE old-fashionedPOOR to not have any money 身无分文
 PHRASAL VERBS
Examples from the Corpus
rub• Rubbing a dock leaf on a nettle sting is said to get rid of the pain.• The teacher rubbed against the blackboard, getting chalk all over his back.• These days rucksacks are made with specially padded straps so that they do not rub against the shoulders.• Sethe rubbed and rubbed, pressing the work cloth and the stony curves that made up his knee.• Had the ex-scumnik's laboriously acquired veneer rubbed away, though, at the prospect of mayhem?• If you rub hard the knives will become really shiny.• I had to rub hard to get the marks off.• Alice yawned and rubbed her eyes.• Ann woke up and rubbed her eyes.• Scathach stirred, sat up and rubbed his eyes, blinking at the dawn, scratching his beard.• Colin yawned and rubbed his eyes.• Bill had fallen on the path and was rubbing his knee.• Rodriguez rubbed his leg to ease the pain.• A fragment was rubbed into the eyes, causing them to water copiously.• Tom spread sun cream onto the baby's back and began to rub it in.• Place the block oil-side down into some jeweller's rouge powder, then rub it on to the mirror edge.• When the cat rubs its back against my legs, I know it's hungry.• Badly fitting shoes will rub more painfully if you are not wearing socks.• Could you rub my neck? It's really stiff.• This seatbelt is rubbing my shoulder.• He rubbed polish in little circles on to the shoes that Erlich thought were impressively polished.• precious stones that have been rubbed smooth and set in gold• Rub the bowl with garlic before adding the breadcrumbs.• She washed her hands and face, rubbing the lipstick away with a flannel.• Swallowing convulsively, she rubbed vigorously at her face and hair with a large bath towel until her skin burned.• About once a month I rub wax into the table to keep it in good condition.• The teacher turned and rubbed what he had written off the board.
rub your nose/chin/eyes/forehead etc• Rip rubbed his chin, and noticed that he had a long, scraggly beard.• Emily rubbed her eyes as the figures swam before her, that didn't make sense.• He got up and rubbed his eyes dry.• A child might not complain of itching, but she might be rubbing her eyes or nose repeatedly.• Her eyes grew accustomed to the dark and she pushed back her heavy plaits of hair, rubbing her eyes tiredly.• I rubbed my eyes to clear them, but the whiteness covered everything.• The moments when the judge removed his glasses and rubbed his eyes were adding up.
rubbed ... hands together• I put a few drops on my palms and rubbed my hands together.• Freddie rubbed his hands together and made a sign to his waiting friends.• He had sighed, rubbed his hands together and sat down on a kitchen chair.• Wishart rubbed his hands together, cracking his knuckles as he tried to control his anger.• Lee rubbed his long-fingered hands together; he wondered where to start.
rub against/on• She interrupts her naps to rub against a tree, and that only when the mood hits her.• This is the smell of a herbal rub on great Achilles.• I noticed that my swaying foot had rubbed against him, leaving a dusty mark on his navy trousers.• Joe stared down at the large, rough hand gently rubbing against him.• These shoes rub against my heels.• Do not top or shear the plant; instead, remove whole branches that are dead or rubbing against others.• I rub on soothing calamine lotion, then don a cotton turtleneck to keep myself from scratching.• A properly made tie keeps your standard rose safely secured to, but not rubbing against, the stake.• During these movements the object happens to rub against the wicker of the bassinet.
rub2 noun  
1  give somebody/something a rub RUBto rub something or massage someone for a short time 把某物擦一擦；给某人揉一揉
Examples from the Corpus
give somebody/something a rub• I get this sort of aching feeling in my nose, and I give it a rub.
2. there’s/here’s the rub literaryPROBLEM used when saying that a particular problem is the reason why a situation is so difficult – often used humorously 困难在于那里/这里〔常为幽默用法〕
Examples from the Corpus
rub• lemon and ginger rub• That, of course, had been the rub.• The lake you say you have found in me suffers a climate entirely of my own making-and there is the rub.• But here's the rub - there had been one here before!• To sleep: perchance to dream: aye, there's the rub.
Origin rub1
(1300-1400) Perhaps from Low German rubben
rub1 verb →PHRASAL VERBS1rub2 noun
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3231 COCA: 2875
rub

verb

ADVERB | VERB + RUB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤hard, vigorously用力地擦◇He rubbed his face vigorously with the towel.他用毛巾使勁地擦了把臉。➤well擦均勻◇Put a little cream onto each hand and rub it in well.在每隻手上抹上一點兒乳膏，然後塗均勻。➤gently, lightly輕輕地擦◇He gently rubbed his swollen nose.他輕輕地揉着腫脹的鼻子。➤slowly慢慢地擦▸➤absently (especially NAmE) 心不在焉地撫摸➤in, together搓進去；互相揉搓◇He began to rub his hands together in glee.他高興地搓起手來。VERB + RUB➤begin to開始擦PREPOSITION➤against蹭⋯◇The cat rubbed against my legs.那隻貓蹭着我的腿。➤at摩擦⋯◇She stood up, rubbing at her back.她揉着後背站了起來。➤into揉進⋯◇Rub the cream well into your skin.將乳膏抹勻，使皮膚充分吸收。➤on在⋯上擦◇She rubbed her hands on her apron.她在圍裙上擦了擦手。➤with用⋯擦◇I rubbed my glasses with my handkerchief.我用手帕擦了擦眼鏡。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3231 COCA: 2875
rub verb
⇨ cover (rub cream into your skin) ⇨ scratch 1 (My shoe is rubbing.)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3231 COCA: 2875
rub
To press or squeeze something: press, squeeze, depress...
To rub and rubbing: rub, knead, scratch...
To make something clean by rubbing: rub, wipe, polish...
To damage or spoil something: damage, spoil, mark...
To cover something: cover, wrap, coat...
An instance or an action of cleaning or tidying: rinse, wipe, rub...
Difficult situations and experiences: crisis, battle, nightmare...
General problems and difficulties: problem, difficulty, trouble...

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