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BNC: 616 COCA: 808

fail

Word family 
Related topics: Companies, Illness & disability, Nature
fail1 /feɪl/ ●●● S2 W1 verb  
1  not succeed 没有成功 [intransitiveI]FAIL to not succeed in achieving something 失败
 It looks likely that the peace talks will fail.
看来和平谈判可能会失败。
fail in
 He failed in his attempt to regain the world title.
他未能夺回世界冠军头衔。
fail to do something
 Doctors failed to save the girl’s life.
医生没能救活这个小女孩。
 Millions of people have tried to quit smoking and failed miserably (=been completely unsuccessful).
数百万人戒过烟，都以惨败告终。
 his efforts to save his failing marriage
他挽救自己濒危婚姻的努力
 If all else fails, you may be advised to have an operation.
要是其他方法都不见效的话，恐怕你还是动手术的好。
2  not do STH 未做某事 [intransitiveI]FAIL to not do what is expected, needed, or wanted 未做到
fail to do something
 The letter failed to arrive.
信没有寄到。
 Firms that fail to take advantage of the new technology will go out of business.
未能利用新技术的公司会被淘汰。
 The government are failing in their duty to protect people.
该政府未能尽到保护人民的责任。
 Register
Fail to do something is used mainly in writing and in formal contexts. In everyday English, people usually say do not do something instead: fail to do something主要用于书面语或正式文章。在日常英语中，人们一般说do not do something
The letter failed to arrive. → The letter didn’t arrive. 那封信没寄到。
3  exam/test 考试/测验
a) [intransitiveI, transitiveT]FAIL to not pass a test or examination 不及格，未能通过
 I failed my driving test the first time I took it.
我第一次驾照考试没过关。
 He failed maths but passed all his other subjects.
他数学没及格，但是其他科目都通过了。
b) [transitiveT] to decide that someone has not passed a test or examination 评定〔某人〕不及格
 Her work was so bad that I had no choice but to fail her.
她考得太差了，我只能给她不及格。
4  I fail to see/understand formalUNDERSTAND used to show that you are annoyed by something that you do not accept or understand 我不明白〔用于表示为不愿接受或不理解的事而生气〕
 I fail to see why you find it so amusing.
我不明白你为什么觉得那么好笑。
Examples from the Corpus
I fail to see/understand• However I fail to see firstly what you are trying to prove with your figures.• How presumptuous my claims to knowledge based only on what I see, leaving out what I fail to see.• Last year? I failed to see the connection.• I fail to see the humor in this situation.
5. company/business 公司/商号 [intransitiveI]BBC if a company or business fails, it is unable to continue because of a lack of money 倒闭，破产
6  machine/body part 机器部件/身体部位 [intransitiveI]STOP MOVING if a part of a machine or an organ in your body fails, it stops working 〔机件或人体器官〕失灵，丧失功能
 The engine failed on take-off.
引擎在起飞过程中失灵了。
 The hospital said that his kidneys were failing.
医院说过他的肾脏在逐渐衰竭。
7  health 健康MI [intransitiveI] if your sight, memory, health etc is failing, it is gradually getting weaker or is not as good as it was 〔视力、记忆、健康等〕衰退
 Failing eyesight forced him to retire early.
视力衰退迫使他提前退休。
8  never fail to do something CERTAINLY/DEFINITELYto do something or happen so regularly that people expect it 从来不会忘记做某事
 My grandson never fails to phone me on my birthday.
我的孙儿从来不会忘记在我生日那天打电话给我。
Examples from the Corpus
never fail to do something• He has never failed to acquit a client charged with murder.• My genius never fails to amaze.• I have often worked black smokers in Alvin and I never fail to be awed by them.• But he would never fail to have a meal.• This mime of his never failed to invoke my deep defensiveness with regard to all things Kip.• I can not bear this obscene, grubbing curiosity about the affairs of others, it has never failed to repel me.• They never failed to show up with the black jackets and the sneakers and the Pimp Roll.
9  your courage/will/nerve fails (you) NOT HAVEif your courage etc fails, or if it fails you, you suddenly do not have it when you need it 你的勇气/意志/胆量消失
10  fail somebody NOT HAVEto not do what someone has trusted you to do 使某人失望，有负于某人 SYN let somebody down
Examples from the Corpus
fail somebody• I feel I've failed my children by not spending more time with them.
11. crops 庄稼 [intransitiveI]TAC if crops fail, they do not grow or produce food, for example because of bad weather 歉收
12. rains 雨水 [intransitiveI]DN if the rains (=a lot of rain that falls at a particular time each year) fail, they do not come when expected or it does not rain enough 〔在该下雨的季节〕无雨，不下雨，下雨少
→ words fail me at word1(29)
 THESAURUS
fail to not succeed – used about people, plans, methods etc 〔人、计划、方法等〕失败
The plan failed.
计划失败了。
They failed to persuade her to change her mind.
他们没能说服她改变主意。
nThis method never fails.
go wrong if something you do goes wrong, it fails after starting well 出问题
The experiment went wrong when the chemicals combined to form a poisonous gas.
实验出了问题，化学物质反应生成了一种有毒气体。
not work if something does not work, it does not do what you want it to do 不起作用
The drugs don’t work.
这些药不见效。
I tried to fix it with glue, but that didn’t work.
我试图用胶水来固定它，但没有用。
be unsuccessful /ˌʌnsəkˈsesfəl◂/ to not have the result you wanted 不成功
His first attempt to get a teaching job was unsuccessful.
他想从事教学工作的初次尝试没有成功。
The search was unsuccessful.
搜寻一无所获。
be a failure to be unsuccessful, with the result that you have wasted your efforts 失败
The government’s 5-year plan to modernize the economy was a complete failure.
该政府旨在实现经济现代化的五年计划完全失败了。
backfire if a plan or action backfires, it does the opposite of what it was intended to do 产生事与愿违的结果
His plan to get attention backfired, and instead of being promoted he lost his job.
他想抓人眼球的计划产生了反作用，非但没能升职，反而丢了工作。
in vain if you try to do something in vain, you fail to do it 徒劳地
They tried in vain to save him.
他们想要救他，却是徒然。
All her efforts had been in vain.
她的努力都白费了。
Examples from the Corpus
fail• ''How did you do in accountancy?'' ''I failed''.• In the last ten minutes of the game, one of the television cameras failed.• "How did Chris do in his driving test?" "He failed."• Peace talks between the two countries have failed.• Imprisonment is a harsh measure that should be used only when every other reasonable avenue has failed.• When it came up for a vote in the House, the amendment failed.• Marriages can fail, and divorce is sometimes necessary.• His heart failed and there was nothing we could do to save him.• One of the engines failed at 30,000 feet.• Many of the boys in the program had been failing at school.• If they were trying to put us out of business, they have failed completely.• My attempt to lose weight failed completely.• Across the state, corn crops failed due to the drought.• Jonathan failed his law exams at the end of the year.• If your marriage fails it can be difficult to make a new start in life.• Millions of people have tried to quit smoking and failed miserably.• If I fail my driving test again, I'm going to give up.• I failed my math test.• What he fails to add is that nowadays information is as leaky as a fistful of sand.• I failed to convince him that I was right.• Having failed to find her friend, she decided to return home.• It has failed to maintain the civilization to which he has given his life as a man.• Yet he failed to subvert even his vulnerable neighbour.• Cal and Stanford so far have tried, and failed, to sweep the Washington road trip.• A large number of businesses failed when interest rates rose.• Our plan to go into business failed when the bank refused to lend us enough money.• A very high percentage of small businesses fail within their first year.
failed in ... attempt• During the Hayes administration, southerners had failed in their attempt to accomplish repeal by adding riders to appropriation bills.• Read in studio Count Nikolai Tolstoy has failed in his attempt to avoid paying libel damages.• Failed SinnFein failed in an attempt to co-opt him on to the council on Wednesday night.• You have failed in your attempt to convince me of the coincidence between the bourgeois and the human.• The champion jockey failed in his attempt to overturn a five-day suspension awarded for his riding of Silver Wizard.• I am absolutely sure that my friend Jimmy Wall and I failed in our attempt to set a record.• Greene King failed in its attempt to take over Morland; it now owns a 29.32% stake in the Thames Valley brewer.
fail to do something• Guinness was accused of bad faith, in particular for failing to adhere to promises made in the official offer documents.• He failed to be sufficiently accountable to the board.• It was also agreed that should either party fail to comply, sanctions would be imposed.• After they failed to find their intended victim, they embarked on an indiscriminate anti-foreigner rampage.• Two of them - who had failed to pay - are run by Mr Cowell.• For a split second, Constance failed to realise that he had released his grip on her.• Some people not only fail to speak up but talk with their hands wandering to cover their mouths.• She is described by the Argive elders as speaking in riddles because they fail to understand her predictions.
Related topics: Education
fail2 noun  
1  without fail 
Examples from the Corpus
without fail• You must take the medication every day without fail.• Danny comes over every Sunday without fail.• I want that work finished by tomorrow, without fail!• My mother goes to church every week without fail.
2  [countableC]SE an unsuccessful result in a test or examination 〔考试〕不及格 OPP pass
n3  [countableC] informal an occasion when someone is not successful or does something badly
Examples from the Corpus
fail• Company failures have led to massive job losses.• Investigators traced the cause of the crash to engine failure.• He believes that if a starter has major-league talent, nothing matters more than taking the ball every five days without fail.• He writes every week without fail.
fail3n interjection informal  
nused for saying that someone has failed or done something badly
From Longman Business Dictionary
failfail /feɪl/ verb
1[intransitiveI]COMMERCE if a business fails, it is not successful and loses so much money that it has to close
The company failed amid charges that the chairman had stolen $17 million.
More than 10,000 companies failed with debts of more than 10 million yen.
—failed adjectiveadj [only before a noun]
the failed Bank of Credit & Commerce International
2[intransitiveI] if something you try to do fails, it is not successful
A move to vote the chairman off the Bell Resources board failed.
fail to do something
A salesman may communicate perfectly well with a customer but fail to make a sale.
—failed adjectiveadj [only before a noun]
The firm collapsed after a failed bid for a rival insurer.
3[intransitiveI] if something fails to happen, it does not happen, although you expected or wanted it to
fail to do something
The new projects have failed to gain general acceptance from the board.
If the recovery fails to cut the deficit sharply, a rise in taxes will be needed.
4[intransitiveI]MANUFACTURING if equipment or a machine fails, it stops working because there is a fault
5FARMING [intransitiveI] if crops fail, they do not grow or produce any food
The corn harvest failed after a terrible drought.
6[intransitiveI, transitiveT] to not pass an examination, test or INSPECTION
The railway line failed its Board of Trade inspection earlier this year.
Origin fail1
(1200-1300) Old French faillir, from Latin fallere “to deceive, disappoint”
fail1 verb →REGISTER1 →THESAURUS1fail2 nounfail3n interjection
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
BNC: 616 COCA: 808
fail

verb¹

 1not succeed不成功ADVERB | VERB + FAIL | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤dismally, miserably慘敗◇I tried to cheer her up, but failed miserably.我試圖讓她振作起來，結果卻碰了一鼻子灰。➤spectacularly驚人地失敗◇She came up with several plans that failed spectacularly before finally achieving success.她想出了幾個方案，但都功敗垂成。➤never從未失敗◇That joke never fails.那個笑話屢試不爽。VERB + FAIL➤cannot不可能失敗◇The song can't fail to be a hit (= will definitely be a hit).這首歌定會一炮而紅。➤can hardly幾乎不會失敗▸➤be bound to, be destined to, be doomed to必然會／命運決定要／注定會失敗◇an enterprise that was doomed to fail from the start從一開始就注定會失敗的事業PREPOSITION➤in在⋯方面失敗◇Doctors are failing in their duty if they do not warn their patients of the dangers.如果醫生不提醒病人注意種種危險，那就是失職。PHRASES➤try and fail嘗試並失敗◇Others have tried and failed.其他人試過，卻失敗了。
fail

verb²

 2fail to do sth not do sth未做ADVERB➤completely, totally徹底／完全沒有做到◇The authorities have totally failed to address this problem.當局完全沒有處理這一問題。
BNC: 616 COCA: 808
fail verb
⇨ fail 1 (fail to attend) ⇨ fail 2 (fail in your attempt) ⇨ fail 3 (fail an exam) ⇨ break 2 (your brakes fail) ⇨ close 2 (a business fails) ⇨ disappoint (fail your family) ⇨ worsen (sb's health is failing)fail1

verb

 fail to keep an appointment 未履约fail in your attempt 尝试失败fail an exam 考试不及格fail ♦︎ forget ♦︎ neglect ♦︎ omitThese words all mean to not do sth that you should do. 这些词均表示不做或未能做某事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fail / forget / neglect / omit to do sth◆to completely / totally / almost / never / conveniently fail / forget to do sth■ fail [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal) to not do sth 不做；未履行◆He failed to keep the appointment.他未履约。◆She never fails to email every week.每周她必定发电子邮件。◆I fail to see (= I don't understand) why you won't even give it a try.我不明白为什么你连试一试都不愿意。◆He felt he would be failing in his duty if he did not report it.他认为他如果不报告就是失职。▸ failure

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆Failure to comply with the regulations will result in prosecution.不遵守这些条例将被起诉。◆His confession followed repeated failures to appear in court.屡次缺席出庭后他供认了罪行。■ forget (forgetting, forgot, forgotten) [intransitive, transitive] to not remember to do sth that you ought to do 忘记做◆'Why weren't you at the meeting?' 'Sorry－I forgot.'“你为什么没有参加会议？”“对不起，我忘了。”◆Take care, and don't forget to write.多加保重，别忘了写信。◆ (spoken) Aren't you forgetting something?(= I think you have forgotten to do sth).你没有忘记什么吗？OPP remember ⇨ remember   see also forget ⇨ leave 4 ■ neglect nɪˈglekt [intransitive] (formal) to fail or forget to do sth that you ought to do 疏忽；疏漏◆You neglected to mention the name of your previous employer.你忘了提你前雇主的名字。■ omit əˈmɪt (-tt-) [intransitive] (especially BrE, formal) to fail to do sth 不做；未能做◆She omitted to mention that they were staying the night.她没说他们当晚要留宿的事。NOTE 辨析 Neglect or omit? Neglect can suggest that you think the person simply forgot or did not bother to carry out the necessary action; omit can suggest that not doing or saying sth was deliberate. Omit is used most often with speech-related verbs such as ask, disclose, inform, mention, say and tell. * neglect暗指只是因一时大意或图省事而没有做该做的事；omit暗指故意不做或不说某事。omit最常跟与说话相关的动词连用，如ask、disclose、inform、mention、say和tell。fail2

verb

 fail to keep an appointment 未履约fail in your attempt 尝试失败fail an exam 考试不及格fail ♦︎ go wrong ♦︎ collapse ♦︎ break down ♦︎ get/go nowhere ♦︎ backfire ♦︎ founder ♦︎ fall through ♦︎ come to nothingThese words all mean to be unsuccessful, especially after a period of time trying to do sth. 这些词均表示失败，尤指劳而无功。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a plan fails / goes wrong / backfires / founders / falls through / comes to nothing◆a relationship / marriage fails / goes wrong / collapses / breaks down◆talks fail / collapse / break down / founder / fall through◆a project fails / collapses / founders / falls through◆a deal goes wrong / collapses / falls through◆to fail / backfire badly◆to completely fail / break down◆to go badly / completely wrong■ fail [intransitive, transitive](of a person or thing) to not be successful in achieving sth （人或事物）失败，未能（做到）◆They had tried and they had failed.他们努力过，也失败过。◆I failed in my attempt to persuade her.我未能说服她。◆I tried to cheer her up, but failed miserably.我尽量让她高兴起来，但丝毫不成功。◆She failed to get into art college.她未能进入艺术学院。OPP succeed ⇨ achieve , succeed ⇨ succeed   see also failure ⇨ loser 2 ■ goˈ wrong

idiom

(goes, went, gone) (rather informal) (of a thing) to experience problems or difficulties; (of a person) to make a mistake （事情）出现问题，遇到困难；（人）犯错误，做错事◆The relationship started to go wrong when they moved abroad.移居国外后，他们的关系开始出问题了。◆What would you do if something went wrong?要是出问题的话，你会怎么做？◆He was badly injured when the joke went horribly wrong.玩笑开得过了火，他很受伤害。◆Where did we go wrong with those kids (= what mistakes did we make for them to behave so badly)?我们什么地方做错了，把这些孩子惯成这样？◆If you do what she tells you, you won't go far wrong.你要是照她说的去做，就不会出大差错。■ collapse kəˈlæps [intransitive](of a thing or group of people) to fail suddenly and completely （事物或一群人）突然失败，崩溃◆Talks between management and unions have collapsed.资方与工会的谈判已告破裂。◆All opposition to the plan has collapsed.所有反对此计划的力量均已消除。◆The home side collapsed spectacularly in the second half.主队在下半场溃不成军。■ ˌbreak ˈdown

phrasal verb

(broke, broken)(of talks or a relationship) to fail after a period of time, especially because of a problem or difficulty （谈判或关系）破裂（尤指因问题或困难所致）◆The agreement broke down almost immediately.协定几乎立刻失效。◆Communication between the two sides has broken down.双方的沟通已经中断。◆They were divorced on the grounds that their marriage had broken down irretrievably.他们离婚是因为婚姻破裂，无可挽救。■ get ˈnowhere■ go ˈnowhere

idiom

(getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten; goes, went, gone) (rather informal) (usually of a person) to make no progress or have no success; to allow sb to do this （通常指人）毫无进展；（让某人）一无所获◆We discussed it all morning but got nowhere.我们就此事讨论了一上午，但毫无进展。◆Do you ever get the feeling your job is going nowhere?你是否曾经觉得自己的工作一无所成？◆Talking to him will get you nowhere.和他谈话你会一无所获。OPP get somewhere ⓘ To be getting somewhere is to be making progress in what you are doing. * get somewhere表示有进展◆At last I feel we're getting somewhere.我终于觉得我们有了一些进展。 ■ backfire ˌbækˈfaɪə(r) [intransitive](of a plan) to have the opposite effect to the one intended, with bad or dangerous results （计划）产生事与愿违的不良（或危险）后果◆Unfortunately the plan backfired.不幸的是，此计划产生了适得其反的结果。◆The surprise I had planned backfired on me.我本想制造惊喜，结果却弄巧成拙。■ founder [intransitive] (rather formal, written) (of a plan or attempt to do sth) to fail because of a particular problem or difficulty （计划或做某事的企图）失败，破产◆The peace talks foundered on a basic lack of trust.由于缺乏基本信任，和平谈判失败了。◆The project foundered after problems with the funding.该项目因资金问题搁浅了。■ ˌfall ˈthrough

phrasal verb

(fell, fallen)(of a plan) to not be completed, or not happen （计划）落空，失败，成为泡影◆The deal fell through when the author received a more attractive offer.作者接受了别家更优厚的条件后，这笔交易落空了。■ come to ˈnothing■ not ˈcome to anything

idiom

(came, come) (rather informal) (of a plan or attempt to do sth) to be unsuccessful; to have no successful result （计划或做某事的企图）失败；没有结果◆How sad that all his hard work should come to nothing.他的所有辛劳可能落得一场空，真让人难过。◆Her plans didn't come to anything.她的计划全落空了。fail3

verb

 fail to keep an appointment 未履约fail in your attempt 尝试失败fail an exam 考试不及格fail ♦︎ flunkThese words both mean to not pass a test or exam, or to decide that sb has not passed a test or exam. 这两个词均表示考试不及格或评定不及格。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fail / flunk a / an exam / examination / test / course■ fail [intransitive, transitive] to not pass a test, exam or course; to decide that sb/sth has not passed a test, exam or course 不及格；评定⋯不及格◆Once a student has failed on a few tasks, they lose motivation.学生一旦有几次作业不及格，就会失去学习动力。◆What will you do if you fail?你要是考试不及格打算干什么？◆He failed his driving test.他驾驶考试不及格。◆She was disqualified after failing a drugs test.她药检未通过，被取消了资格。◆My car failed its MOT.我的车没能通过旧车性能检测。◆The examiners failed over half the candidates.主考人员评定，半数以上报考者不及格。 OPP pass ⇨ graduate ■ flunk [intransitive, transitive] (especially NAmE, informal) (of a person) to fail a test, exam or course; to make sb fail a test, exam or course by giving them a low grade （人在测验、考试或课程中）失败，不及格；评定（某人）不及格◆I flunked math in second grade.我二年级时数学不及格。◆She's flunked 13 of the 18 students.18个学生她就给了13个不及格。◆He flunked out of college after four semesters (= had to leave because his grades were not good enough).四个学期后他因成绩差退学了。OPP pass ⇨ graduate
BNC: 616 COCA: 808

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