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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1369 COCA: 1402

background

Word family 
Related topics: Sociology, Visual, Colours & sounds
ldoce_014_dback·ground /ˈbækɡraʊnd/ ●●● S2 W2 noun  
1  [countableC]SS someone’s family, education, previous work etc 出身，个人背景
 Students with a background in chemistry will probably find the course easier.
学过化学的学生可能会觉得这门课程容易些。
 It’s important to understand other people, people from different backgrounds.
要理解别人，理解那些来自不同背景的人，这是很重要的。
 Do you know anything about his background?
关于他的背景，你知道什么吗？
→5  See picture of foreground 前景, background 背景
2  [countableC, uncountableU]PAST the situation or past events that explain why something happens in the way that it does 〔事情的〕背景情况
background to
 Without knowing the background to the case, I couldn’t possibly comment.
这案件我不了解背景情况，所以无法评论。
against a background of something
 The peace talks are being held against a background of increasing violence.
这次和平谈判正在暴力冲突愈演愈烈的背景下进行。
background information/details/data etc
 The author included a new chapter of background material for the second edition of the book.
作者为本书第二版新加了一章背景材料。
3  [countableC usually singular]BEHIND the area that is behind the main thing that you are looking at, especially in a picture 〔尤指图片上主要事物的〕背景，后景
 The background looks out of focus.
背景看上去是模糊的。
in the background
 In the background, you can see my college friends.
在背景中可以看到我的几个大学朋友。
4  [countableC]AVC the pattern or colour on top of which something has been drawn, printed etc 〔图画、文字等的〕底子，底色
 red lettering on a white background
白底红字
5  in the background SEEsomeone who keeps or stays in the background tries not to be noticed 在不显著的位置，在幕后
 The president’s advisors are content to remain in the background.
总统的顾问甘居幕后。
Examples from the Corpus
in the background• Again, a palm across the mouthpiece and the drone of conversation in the background.• Some piano music tinkles gently in the background, a black Armani shirt clings softly to his chest.• This is an ideal species to be grown in the background of the tank and will give it a very natural look.• Tutilo hovered in the background, keeping himself modestly apart while his betters conferred.• Looming in the background are always the twin prospects of sudden incalculable wealth and instant agonizing death.• Lurking in the background, too, are the constant takeover rumors about the bank, the largest in Florida.• Fred Bradley stayed very much in the background and his soft, kind eyes helped to put her at ease.• She saw Lee hoist the baby on his shoulder, with people passing in the background.
6  [countableC, uncountableU]C the sounds that you can hear apart from the main thing that you are listening to 背景的声音；杂音
in the background
 In the background, I could hear the sound of traffic.
我听到背景中有车辆来往的声音。
 All of the background noise made it difficult to have a phone conversation.
背景杂音很大，电话交谈很困难。
 COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
family background 家庭背景，家庭出身
Many kids lack a stable family background.
许多小孩子缺乏稳定的家庭背景。
social background 社会背景
Universities aim to attract students from varied social backgrounds.
大学都力求吸引来自各种各样社会背景的学生。
cultural background 文化背景
Some of his attitudes were due to his cultural background.
他的某些态度源自他的文化背景。
ethnic background 种族背景
We do not discriminate against people because of their ethnic background or gender.
我们不会因为人们的种族背景或性别而对他们产生歧视。
nclass background
Class background is an important factor in the level of schooling achieved.
socio-economic background 社会经济背景
Smokers often come from poorer socio-economic backgrounds.
烟民往往来自比较贫困的社会经济背景。
educational/academic background 教育背景/学历
The interviewer will ask you about your educational background and work experience.
面试主持人会问你的教育背景和工作经验。
nPostgraduate students come from a wide range of academic backgrounds.
nprofessional background
Managers can come from a wide range of professional backgrounds.
a working-class/middle-class background 工人阶级/中产阶级背景
nI came from a very poor working-class background.
a deprived/disadvantaged background 贫困的家庭背景
nThe school has a high percentage of pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds.
na poor background
His poor background prevented him from going to medical college.
a privileged/wealthy background 特权阶层的/富裕的家庭背景
nAll the top jobs were taken by people from privileged backgrounds.
verbs
have a background (in something) 具有（某方面的）背景
We are looking for someone who has a background in science.
我们在找一个理科背景的人选。
come from a background 来自某种背景
Mark and I came from very similar backgrounds.
马克和我的背景非常相似。
nphrases
a range of backgrounds
People from a wide range of backgrounds go to watch football.
Examples from the Corpus
background• The elections are taking place against a background of widespread unemployment.• Steve has a background in computer engineering.• McWilliams said a background check would have revealed little because the man had no criminal record.• She would have preferred a woman of her own age and background.• Most of his friends were from similar middle-class backgrounds.• The organization helps children from working-class backgrounds to go to university.• Gary always tried to hide his working class background.• Passing sentence, Lord Sutherland said he took into account Hynd's domestic background.• In our class we have children of all different religious and ethnic backgrounds.• The school takes kids from all sorts of backgrounds.• The grating broadcasts sometimes switched to tapes of radio call-in shows and other background sounds of an electronic civilization.• And using Cousin Franklin as a premier background source, Joe was able to add considerably to his wealth and fame.• All of the men have different religious backgrounds.• It took five years for the author to research background information for her new book• The flag's five orange stripes stand out against a silver background.• Sylvie had always expected that she would marry someone of a similar background to herself.• We come from the same town and share a similar background.• O'Connor had had sentence deferred for psychiatric and social background reports last month.• It was a photo of everyone in my class, with the school building in the background.• A small building in the background of the original picture was a church built in 1882, McLelland said.• How quickly kids learn to read will often depend on both their ability and their backgrounds.• The invitations had red lettering on a white background.• If she was stuck with wanting a man whose background and conditioning were alien to her, then that was her problem.
from different backgrounds• They come from different backgrounds and from a wide area.• Lesbian Women with Disabilities and Health - A 10 week course for lesbian women with disabilities from different backgrounds and situations.• The found the opportunity to learn from fellow managers from different backgrounds invaluable, particularly those from outside financial services.• We love matching people from different backgrounds who don't know each other.• You know I've always believed that people from different backgrounds shouldn't mix, it's not fair on the children.• Making it work with people from different backgrounds and different cultures can be exciting and life-enhancing.• A regular fortnightly meeting of practitioners from different backgrounds, with a shared task, helped to develop trust over time.• Six different nationalities were represented, ages were from 24 to 35 and all were from different backgrounds.
against a background of something• The grassed oval arena, with its high embankment against a background of slender trees, should be visited.• It stood upright, balancing on its head against a background of indigo blue.• Art is judged against a background of an aesthetic theory: preferences are entirely subjective.• Conversation was carried on against a background of ear-splitting barking.• These developments took place against a background of growing activism on the abortion issue in the country at large.• I remember it as I saw it one evening, lit by the setting sun against a background of threatening clouds.• Punitive methods persistently used against a background of rejecting, hostile parental attitudes lead, in the long term, to trouble.• The dark shape was still visible against a background of dimly lit beams.
in the background• Again, a palm across the mouthpiece and the drone of conversation in the background.• Some piano music tinkles gently in the background, a black Armani shirt clings softly to his chest.• This is an ideal species to be grown in the background of the tank and will give it a very natural look.• Tutilo hovered in the background, keeping himself modestly apart while his betters conferred.• Looming in the background are always the twin prospects of sudden incalculable wealth and instant agonizing death.• Lurking in the background, too, are the constant takeover rumors about the bank, the largest in Florida.• Fred Bradley stayed very much in the background and his soft, kind eyes helped to put her at ease.• A television was on in the background.• She saw Lee hoist the baby on his shoulder, with people passing in the background.• In the photograph, a statue of St. Andrew stood in the background.• Whitfield's mother stood in the background as he talked to reporters.• Palm trees swayed in the background.• While I was on the phone with Julie, I could hear the sound of a television in the background.
in the background• Again, a palm across the mouthpiece and the drone of conversation in the background.• Some piano music tinkles gently in the background, a black Armani shirt clings softly to his chest.• This is an ideal species to be grown in the background of the tank and will give it a very natural look.• Tutilo hovered in the background, keeping himself modestly apart while his betters conferred.• Looming in the background are always the twin prospects of sudden incalculable wealth and instant agonizing death.• Lurking in the background, too, are the constant takeover rumors about the bank, the largest in Florida.• Fred Bradley stayed very much in the background and his soft, kind eyes helped to put her at ease.• She saw Lee hoist the baby on his shoulder, with people passing in the background.
From Longman Business Dictionary
backgroundback·ground /ˈbækgraʊnd/ noun [countableC]
1HUMAN RESOURCES someone’s past, for example their education, qualifications, and the jobs they have had
We are looking for someone with a background in tourism.
2in the backgroundCOMPUTING a computer program working in the background continues to function and do calculations while the user is working with another program
back·ground noun →COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus

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