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IELTS BNC: 9458 COCA: 9939

lapse

Word family 
lapse1 /læps/ noun [countableC]  
1  CARELESSa short period of time during which you fail to do something well or properly, often caused by not being careful 疏忽，失误
momentary/temporary/occasional etc lapse
 Despite the occasional lapse, this was a fine performance by the young saxophonist.
除了这处偶然失误，这位年轻萨克斯手的表演堪称精彩。
 A defensive lapse by Keown allowed Tottenham to score.
基翁的防守失误让托特纳姆队踢进一球。
lapse in
 lapses in security
保安方面的疏忽
lapse of
 A single lapse of concentration cost Sampras the game.
桑普拉斯一走神就断送了这一局。
 a lapse of judgement
判断失误
 After taking the drug, several patients suffered memory lapses (=when you cannot remember something for a short time).
若干病人服用此药后记忆短暂丧失。
2  FAILa failure to do something you should do, especially to behave correctly 〔尤指举止方面的〕疏忽，过失，过错
 He forgot to offer Darren a drink, but Marie did not appear to notice the lapse.
他忘了给达伦倒饮料，玛丽好像也没有注意到这个疏忽。
3  [usually singular]PERIOD OF TIME a period of time between two events 〔两个事件间的〕时间间隔
 The usual time lapse between request and delivery is two days.
由订购到交货一般需要两天时间。
lapse of
 a lapse of about ten seconds
约十秒钟的间隔
Examples from the Corpus
lapse• The clock was restored to its original condition in full working order in 1956, after a lapse of seventy-two years.• He kicked and usually punched, but his size and strength produced blows that jarred the body and caused lapses in consciousness.• But the life of a first generation feminist can be plagued by disconcerting lapses.• None of what has been said suggests that we should ignore ethical lapses or law-breaking by public figures.• There were a few lapses, but there was effort.• He had not died or fallen ill, nor had Smallfry been made aware of his lapses.• He and Dean had just been laid off during a seniority lapse because of a drastic reduction of crews.• He didn't offer Darren a drink, and Marie did not appear to notice the lapse.• His claim that he had been constructively dismissed failed because of the lapse of time after 6 February 1981 before he took action.
momentary/temporary/occasional etc lapse• She turned and looked about her, suddenly angered by the mess she had made - by her momentary lapse of control.• Some people think Sawyer would make a lousy anchor because of her occasional lapses into tabloid tawdriness.• When she had been little, temporary lapses and been easily passed over.• Those who are not must forgive me my momentary lapse into modest mathematical sophistication.• The diagrams that accompany the text are usually excellent with only the occasional lapse.• More interesting was the momentary lapse of patience by Coach Dave Wannstedt in defending the moves.
time lapse• There may be a time lapse between teaching and practical experience, so that recall may be impaired.• The other five deploy flashbacks and almost constant time lapses.• In terms of this initial time lapse, two distinct groups can be identified.• The conditions which will influence these decisions include the site, time lapse before treatment, contamination and state of the circulation.• I have long been concerned about the time lapse from the commissioning of a book to its appearance in the shops.• This involves noting when the specified behaviour starts, noting again when it ends and recording the time lapse.
lapse2 verb [intransitiveI]  
1  FINISH/COME TO AN ENDto gradually come to an end or to stop for a period of time 慢慢结束，逐渐中止
 The conversation lapsed.
谈话慢慢地停了下来。
2  FINISH/COME TO AN END especially British EnglishBrE if a contract, agreement etc lapses, it comes to an end, usually because an agreed time limit has passed 〔合同、协议等〕期满终止，失效
 Your booking will automatically lapse unless you confirm it.
如果不加以确认，您的预订将自动失效。
 Register
In everyday English, people usually say that a contract or agreement runs out rather than lapses: 在日常英语中，人们说合同或协议失效时通常用 run out，而不用 lapse
His club membership had run out.
他的俱乐部会员资格已经终止。
3  to stop believing in or following a religion 放弃〔信仰〕
 those people who have lapsed from the practice of their religion
已经放弃自己宗教习俗的那些人
4  formal if a period of time lapses, it passes 〔时间〕过去，逝去
 Many years had lapsed since her first visit to Wexford.
距她第一次到韦克斯福德已经过去好多年了。
5 lapse into something phrasal verbphr v 
a) lapse into unconsciousness/silence/sleep etcBECOME to go into a quiet or less active state 逐渐失去知觉/陷入沉默/进入睡眠等
 He lapsed into a coma and died two days later.
他陷入昏迷，两天后去世了。
 Alison lapsed into puzzled silence.
艾利森一头雾水，不作声了。
b) START DOING somethingto begin to behave or speak in a way that you did before 恢复〔以前的行为方式或说话方式〕
 She lapsed back into her old ways.
她又回到老样子了。
 Occasionally he lapsed into his native German.
他偶尔也会换回母语德语来表达。
c) START DOING somethingto get into a worse state or become worse 陷入，进入〔更糟糕的状况〕
 Following his death, the Empire lapsed into chaos.
他死后，帝国陷入混乱。
 His poetry often lapses into sentimentality.
他的诗歌经常流于伤感。
Examples from the Corpus
lapse into • A mysterious apple laced with morphine causes Snow White to lapse into a coma.• Mr. Flannery Is there not a grave danger of the former Soviet Union lapsing into anarchy?• Devastating crises may shortly overtake us, leading inevitably to a lapse into barbarism.• She had lapsed into gloomy self-absorption, perhaps in reaction to Golding's interrogatory methods.• The one thing you can not afford to do is give up and lapse into helpless, complaining Stage 5 mode.• He also demonstrates how hard it is to maintain this view, and how easy it is to lapse into logocentric assumptions.• Again, I lapse into metaphor.• He can lapse into playground language at moments of stress, or even, at one point, some pompous Hancockian self-pity.
lapse into unconsciousness/silence/sleep etc• But ultimately, words fail them and they lapse into silence.• Without my prompting, Jack often lapsed into silence.• Soon after that she would lapse into sleep, then unconsciousness, then a state of deep coma.• I would talk and laugh with my companions but withdraw, lapsing into silence, when I was offered any food.
Examples from the Corpus
lapse• I let the conversation lapse and Kelly finally spoke up.• In this situation professionals are most apt to allow their normal reserve about commerce to lapse, and to give meaningful information.• They were allowed to lapse in the late nineteenth century and were not revived until after the last war.• The defense lapsed in the sixth, when shortstop Craig Shipley muffed a spinning grounder.• A mysterious apple laced with morphine causes Snow White to lapse into a coma.• Some have even lapsed into postfeminist inaction.• There was moreover, a young man in the congregation who lapsed into this sin.• They lapsed into writing meticulous creeds and inventing lifeless rituals.• Crockett wishes he hadn't let his insurance policies lapse last year.
From Longman Business Dictionary
lapselapse1 /læps/ verb [intransitiveI]
1COMMERCEif a contract, agreement, or offer lapses, it ends because an agreed time limit has passed
The customer has the right to exercise the option or allow the option to lapse.
There are many films on which the copyright has lapsed and hasn’t been renewed.
2INSURANCE if an INSURANCE POLICY lapses, it ends because the regular payments required have not been made
Kimble let his fire insurance lapse when he couldn’t afford the premiums.
→ lapse into something
lapselapse2 noun [countableC]
1a period of time between two events
There is a four-day lapse between the time a patron buys a ticket and the money is deposited in the bank.
2a failure to do something you should do
The customer complained about a lapse in service.
The audit uncovered accounting lapses.
Origin lapse1
(1300-1400) Latin lapsus, from labi “to slip”
lapse1 nounlapse2 verb →REGISTER1
Chinese
Corpus

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