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near

Word family 
near1 /nɪə $ nɪr/ ●●● S1 W1 adverbadv , preposition  
1  short distance away 近距离NEAR only a short distance from a person or thing 接近(地)，靠近(地)，离…很近(地) → close, nearby
 They live near London.
他们住在伦敦附近。
 I’m sure they live somewhere near here.
我肯定他们就住在这附近。
 They moved house to be nearer the school.
他们把家搬到离学校近一些。
near to especially British EnglishBrE
 a hotel near to the beach
一家靠近海滩的宾馆
 She told the children not to go near the canal.
她告诉孩子们不要走近运河。
 I’m warning you – don’t come any nearer!
我警告你别再靠近！
 We heard voices as we drew near the village.
我们走近村子时听见了说话声。
5 GRAMMAR 语法
The form near is not often used as an adverb without to, except in the phrase quite near. near如果不和to连用一般不用作副词， 但短语quite near除外
The school is quite near.
学校很近 。
However, the comparative nearer is often used as an adverb. 但是它的比较级nearer经常用作副词
The sound got nearer and nearer.
声音越来越近 。
►Do not say ‘near from something’. Use to after near. 不要说'near from something'.而要在near后用to.
2  short time before 短时间以前SOON soon before a particular time or event 接近〔某时间或事件〕
 I didn’t remember to phone until near the end of the week.
快到周末我才想起要打电话。
near to especially British EnglishBrE
 I’ll give you a ring a bit nearer to Christmas.
临近圣诞节时我会给你打电话。
 They should send us more details nearer the time of the concert.
临近音乐会时他们应该会给我们发更多详细信息。
3  almost doing STH 几乎做某事 almost doing something or almost in a particular state 差不多，几乎
 The work is now near completion.
这项工作现已接近尾声。
 A lot of the women were near tears.
许多女人差点落泪。
 We are no nearer an agreement than we were six months ago.
我们没有达成协议，同六个月前相比，依然毫无进展。
near to
 He was near to panic as he scrambled out of the building.
他爬出那栋大楼的时候几乎吓坏了。
 She was near to crying.
她几乎要哭了。
 He seemed to know that he was near to death.
他似乎知道自己快要死了。
4  amount or level 数量或水平 almost at a particular amount or level 接近〔某数量或水平〕
 Inflation is now near 10%.
通货膨胀率目前接近10%。
 He looked nearer fifty than forty.
他看上去更像50岁而不是40岁。
near to
 Unemployment is now near to its all-time low.
失业率现已接近历史最低点。
 Strawberries are near the top of the list.
草莓列在清单的前几项里。
5  similar 类似LIKE/SIMILAR if something is near something else, it is similar to it 相似的
6  near perfect/impossible etc almost perfect, impossible etc 近乎完美/几乎不可能等
Examples from the Corpus
near perfect/impossible etc• So everything seemed okay: the barn was secure, the food supply was better than good and the terrain near perfect.• That doesn't stop Hedley from dreaming of owning a video store, even though it seems near impossible.• Conclusions: The velvet cloth is a near perfect black, but more expensive and less readily available than the other materials.• Comets therefore tend to explode into vapor with near perfect efficiency and devastating power on impact.• In the latter case the specimen is of near perfect geometry for a torsion test.• In the main, larval control would have to be near perfect in its efficiency and to allow very few adults to survive.• Unfortunately, strong winds curtailed the sport on a near perfect river level carrying about four inches extra, but fining off.• Colin was fulsome in his praise of the role of finance directors in delivering a near impossible set of financial reforms.
7  draw near if an event is drawing near, it is nearly time for it to happen 即将发生
Examples from the Corpus
draw near• The campaign for book buyers' dollars is heating up again this summer, as the political conventions draw near.• Summer vacation is drawing near.• Lebed is convinced his time is drawing near.• The bailiff directed all to draw near and give their attendance, promising that they would be heard.• As the pair drew near he turned and fled.• As midnight draws near, many people make their way to church.• As she drew near, she called out and asked me the time.• As he drew near she made a half-hearted move to rise.• Madge drew a little nearer so that she could hear what he was saying.• They drew near the bed and stared down at the boy who lay there sleeping in its drifts of tumbling lace.• The two men were talking, but as we drew near they turned and stared at us.• The rebels hoped that many of the government troops would join them when they drew near to the city.
8  (as) near as damn it British EnglishBrE spoken used to say that something is very nearly true or correct 几乎一点不差
9  near enough British EnglishBrE used to say that something is nearly true or correct 差不多
Examples from the Corpus
near enough• No one was near enough to accost her or wonder about her presence.• Jones and Brewer have had a long series of injuries, but both are near enough to fitness and form.• At noon they saw it; then they were near enough to hear it.• He is near enough to hear them calling, the words bounced and steered and elongated by the contours of the land.• Filmer had been sitting with his back to me, it was true, but near enough to overhear.• The Trojans were almost near enough to set the ships on fire.• When he saw me, he leaned on his shovel until I was near enough to shake hands.
10  nowhere near/not anywhere near used before an adjective or adverb to say that something is definitely not true 远非，绝不是〔用于形容词或副词之前〕
11  not come near somebody/something if one person or thing does not come near another one, it is not at all as good as the other one 比不上某人/某事物
Examples from the Corpus
not come near somebody/something• Her fiance, the man who was supposed to love her, had not come near her since her father's death.• My wife would not come near me.• Bankside activity has reached such a pitch, even at night, that the carp will not come near the margins.
12  somebody will not go near somebody/something if someone will not go near a person or thing, they dislike or are frightened of them and will not speak to the person or use the thing 某人不喜欢[不愿]接近某人/某物
13. so near and yet so far used to emphasize that someone very nearly achieved or got something 近在眼前却又遥不可及
 THESAURUS
near only a short distance from something or someone 接近，靠近〔某物或某人〕
I live near Salzburg in Austria.
我住在奥地利萨尔茨堡附近。
If we moved to Dallas, we’d be near my parents.
如果我们搬到达拉斯去，那就离我父母近了。
close very near something or someone, or almost touching them 接近的，靠近的
The hotel is close to the beach.
酒店离沙滩很近。
Nancy came and sat close beside me on the bed.
南希走过来，紧挨着我坐到床上。
not far (away) not a long distance away – used when saying that a place is near enough to be easy to get to 不远的
The station’s not far away from here.
车站离这儿不远。
nearby near here or near a particular place 附近
Is there a post office nearby?
附近有邮局吗？
A group of reporters were waiting nearby.
附近等着一群记者。
within walking distance (of something) easy to walk to from somewhere, or near enough to something for you to walk there (离某事物)在步行距离之内
There’s a good school within walking distance.
在步行距离之内就有一所好学校。
The house is within walking distance of shopping facilities.
从这房子到购物场所，步行就能到达。
nbe convenient for something British EnglishBrE, be convenient to something American EnglishAmE to be near a place that people want to get to, so that the place is easy to reach
The area is very convenient for Gatwick airport.
I want a hotel that’s convenient for the city centre.
locally in or near the area where you are or the area you are talking about 当地，本地
I prefer to buy fruit and vegetables that are grown locally.
我更喜欢买本地种植的水果和蔬菜。
around here (also round here British EnglishBrE) spoken in the general area near here 这里附近
Parking is impossible around here.
这附近根本没法停车。
Is there a garage round here?
这附近有汽车修理厂吗？
in the neighbourhood British EnglishBrE, in the neighborhood American EnglishAmE living or existing in the area where you are or the area you are talking about 在邻近地区
We grew up knowing all the other kids in the neighbourhood.
我们从小就认识邻里的所有其他孩子。
There’s very little crime in the neighborhood.
这一片地区犯罪活动很少。
in the vicinity formal in the area around and near a particular place – used especially in news reports 在邻近地区〔尤用于新闻报道〕
A white van was seen in the vicinity at the time the murder took place.
凶案发生时有人看见附近停着一辆白色面包车。
nneighbouring British EnglishBrE, neighboring American EnglishAmE used about towns, countries etc that are very near a particular place
discussions between Egypt and neighbouring states
The rioting quickly spread to neighbouring areas.
Examples from the Corpus
near• Sasha grew up on a farm near Ithaca, New York.• Add the cream near the end of the cooking time.• Asha's office is near the vending machines.
somewhere near here• And they must live somewhere near here.• I shall buy a house somewhere near here and I shall live there.• It was somewhere near here, in March 1939, that the Imperial Airways flying boat Corsair came down.
nearer the time• Further details will follow nearer the time.• Further information will be made available nearer the time.• I hope you can attend the meeting for which an agenda and papers will be circulated nearer the time.• Please note it in your diary - detailed notices will, of course, be sent nearer the time.• Please watch the local press for details nearer the time.• Somervillians in the area will be hearing more nearer the time.• They won't move until nearer the time, anyway.• We will write to you nearer the time when we have more details.
near tears• Looking out over the cheering audience, Alvin found himself near tears.• The interview ended with near tears.• Rosamund Coldharbour had been near tears, he had noticed, as he had gone into Wheeler's room.
near enough• No one was near enough to accost her or wonder about her presence.• Jones and Brewer have had a long series of injuries, but both are near enough to fitness and form.• At noon they saw it; then they were near enough to hear it.• He is near enough to hear them calling, the words bounced and steered and elongated by the contours of the land.• Filmer had been sitting with his back to me, it was true, but near enough to overhear.• The Trojans were almost near enough to set the ships on fire.• When he saw me, he leaned on his shovel until I was near enough to shake hands.
near2 ●●● S2 W3 adjectiveadj  
1  NEARonly a short distance away from someone or something 〔距离〕近的，接近的 → close, nearby
2  a near disaster/collapse etc ALMOSTalmost a disaster, collapse etc 险些发生的灾难/几乎崩溃等
3  the nearest thing/equivalent to something the thing you have that is most like a particular type of thing 几乎就是某事物，就像某事物一样
Examples from the Corpus
the nearest thing/equivalent to something• That and the fact that it lost faith in the nearest thing to a charismatic it had had since Rose Fox.• It was the nearest thing to a coherent defence system yet seen at Verdun.• So let us accept that I am the nearest thing to a father that Nana has available.• The United Nations General Assembly has been called the nearest thing to a world parliament.• Here was perhaps the nearest thing to alchemy that had ever been seen in the field of politics.• A little bit of sleep was the nearest thing to consolation left for people like us.• Still, as Jane belonged nowhere, Sussex became the nearest thing to home.• I think she and Phil were the nearest thing to soccer hooligans that canoeing can produce.
4  in the near future SOONsoon 在不久的将来
Examples from the Corpus
in the near future• I don't anticipate that happening in the near future.• A very limited selection of wines is available; one hopes that this will be expanded in the near future.• Already regional water shortages are causing disruptions and are predicted to become the cause of wars in the near future.• Conditions might mature in the near future.• Hopefully that will get settled in the near future.• The prudent ratio depends very much on how banks see their requirements for liquidity changing in the near future.• Unfortunately we have no trainee vacancies at present, nor do I anticipate any in the near future.• I was hoping that Vecchi would show up in the near future and save everybody a lot of headaches.• I think you certainly aim for that some time, maybe in the near future, but not quite yet.
5  be a near thing British EnglishBrE
Examples from the Corpus
be a near thing• The Cairo Conference was a near thing for her.
6  near miss 
Examples from the Corpus
near miss• The asteroid flew within 106,000 miles of Earth, which astronomers considered a near miss.• Owen had, however, the sense of relief that follows a near miss.• Julie Worden and Charlton Boyd meet in a skittish duet, marked by sudden departures, near misses and unexpected evasive leaps.• None the less, we do have records of many near misses from relatively modern sources.• He had had numerous prangs and near misses in his motoring life and not one of them had been his fault.• Thus near misses of comets and asteroids are well documented by modern observations, and grazing impacts also occur.• There were two near misses on the airport's runways between 1998 and 1999.• They had a near miss on the Ober Gabelhorn summit.• There were lots of near misses: some great saves from both keepers, and sheer bad luck.• The little girl who had had the near miss with the blackboard was the daughter of a minister.
7  to the nearest £10/hundred etc an amount to the nearest £10, hundred etc is the number nearest to it that can be divided by £10, a hundred etc 以十英镑/一百等略算
8 
9  [only before noun, no comparative]
→ nearly
—nearness noun [uncountableU]
Examples from the Corpus
near• Martha has to drive 20 miles to the nearest doctor.• At least things are moving now on 2807 and we may have more news in the near future.• You know how far it was from our farm to the nearest golf course?• And those are just a few with Hall of Fame or near Hall of Fame credentials.• The nearest lakes are Derwentwater and the larger Ullswater where you can take a cruise.• She'd reach for the nearest man, and pull.• Other men in the car were watching them too, and the near ones were listening.• Also, as Sheila Silcock's article highlights, the nearest relative may be unaware of their rights under the Act.
near3 ●●○ verb written  
1  [transitiveT]ALMOST to come closer to a place 靠近〔某地方〕 SYN approach
2  [transitiveT] to come closer to being in a particular state 接近〔某状态〕
3  [transitiveT] to come closer to a particular time 临近〔某一时间〕
4  [intransitiveI]ALMOST if a time nears, it gets closer and will come soon 〔时间〕临近
Examples from the Corpus
near• When the temperature nears 100, pets can get overheated even when riding in air-conditioned cars.• Nevins is nearing 40 but still looks boyish.• Or it may be that the race is in fact tightening up as the Nov. 5 Election Day nears.• As the deadline neared, both sides agreed to continue talking.• Work is nearing completion.• The Worth Valley Railway's standard class four 2-6-4T 80002 nears completion.• As she neared her home she could see a light in the window.• Then, as we neared home again, I noticed Iobates' bodyguard hiding in ambush.• She neared the exit with relief.
near1 adverbadv →5 GRAMMAR1 →THESAURUS1near2 adjectiveadj →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2near3 verb
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