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disruption

noun

disruption ♦︎ turmoil ♦︎ upheaval ♦︎ disturbance ♦︎ turbulence ♦︎ disarrayThese are all words you can use when sth prevents a situation from continuing in the normal way or when there is confusion. 这些词均表示事情的中断或局面的混乱。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆disruption / disturbance to sth◆an upheaval / a disturbance in sth◆in (a) turmoil / disarray / disorder◆(a) great disruption / turmoil / upheaval / disturbance / turbulence◆considerable disruption / turmoil / upheaval / disturbance / turbulence◆(a) major disruption / upheaval / disturbance◆economic disruption / turmoil / upheaval / turbulence◆social disruption / upheaval / turbulence◆emotional turmoil / upheaval / turbulence◆to cause disruption / turmoil / an upheaval / (a) disturbance◆to throw sth into turmoil / disarray◆a period of disruption / turmoil / upheaval / turbulence◆a state of turmoil / turbulence / disarray■ disruption dɪsˈrʌpʃn [uncountable, countable] a situation in which sth is prevented from continuing or working in the normal way, because of the problems caused by a particular course of action 中断；扰乱；混乱◆The strike caused serious disruption for three days.罢工造成了三天的严重混乱。◆To avoid disruption most of the work will be done at night.为避免干扰，大多数工作都将在夜间进行。◆There could be disruptions to rail services.可能会对铁路交通造成干扰。  see also disruptive ⇨ wild 1 ■ turmoil ˈtɜːmɔɪl; NAmE ˈtɜːrmɔɪl [uncountable, singular] a state of great anxiety and confusion 焦虑；混乱；骚动◆His mind was in (a) turmoil.他心乱如麻。◆I walked away in a state of mental turmoil.我心绪纷乱地走开了。◆The country was hurled into the turmoil of another general election.这个国家陷入了另一场大选的混乱。■ upheaval ʌpˈhiːvl [countable, uncountable] a big change that causes a lot of confusion, worry and problems 剧变；激变；动乱◆The country has undergone a major political upheaval.这个国家经历了一场重大的政治动乱。◆I can't face the upheaval of moving house again.我无法忍受再次搬家的折腾。■ disturbance [uncountable, countable, usually singular] a situation in which people have to interrupt what they are doing, or in which the normal state of sth is upset 打扰；干扰；妨碍◆The repairs have been carried out with minimal disturbance to local residents.修缮工作在尽量不给当地居民造成干扰的情况下完成了。◆Their arrival had caused a disturbance in the usual pattern of events.他们的到来给事情的正常进展造成了干扰。  see also disturb ⇨ interrupt NOTE 辨析 Disruption or disturbance?These words are often used when people are being told or promised that sth that is being done will not cause many problems. They are often used with words such as avoid, prevent, minimize, little, minimal and minimum. A disruption usually affects a thing such as work, a service or sb's life; a disturbance more often affects people or animals, although it can also affect sb's life or the normal way in which things happen. 这两个词常用于答应或许诺不会造成太多干扰的场合，与avoid、prevent、minimize、little、minimal和minimum等词连用。disruption影响的对象通常是work、service或sb's life，disturbance更多指对人或动物的影响，但也可指对某人的生活或事情正常发生方式的影响。■ turbulence ˈtɜːbjələns; NAmE ˈtɜːrbjələns [uncountable] (rather formal, especially written) a situation in which there is a lot of sudden change, confusion, strong feelings and sometimes violence 动荡；混乱；骚乱◆Europe was in a state of turbulence.当时欧洲正处于一片混乱之中。◆The country is facing a summer of political turbulence.这个国家正面临着一个政治动荡的夏季。■ disarray ˌdɪsəˈreɪ [uncountable] (especially written) a state of confusion and lack of organization in a situation 混乱；紊乱◆The peace talks broke up in disarray.和谈在混乱中破裂了。◆Our plans were thrown into disarray by her arrival.我们的计划因她的到来而陷入一片混乱。◆The party's election campaign is in total disarray.该党的选举造势活动处于一片混乱之中。ⓘ In this meaning disarray is always used in the phrase in/into (a state of) disarray. * disarray表达此义时总是用于短语in/into (a state of) disarray。

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