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punish

Word family 
pun·ish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ ●●○ verb [transitiveT]  
1  PUNISHto make someone suffer because they have done something wrong or broken the law 处罚，惩罚〔做错事或犯法的人〕 → punishment, punitive
 Smacking is not an acceptable way of punishing a child.
要惩罚孩子，不应该用打的方式。
 He promised to punish severely any officials found guilty of electoral fraud.
他承诺要严惩任何在选举中有欺诈行为的官员。
punish somebody for (doing) something
 It’s unfair to punish a whole class for the actions of one or two students.
因为个别同学的行为而惩罚全班是不公平的。
 They deserve to be punished for putting passengers at risk.
他们置乘客于危险之中，理应受到惩罚。
 I felt I was being punished for what my mother had done.
我觉得自己在为妈妈的所作所为接受惩罚。
punish somebody by doing something
 My parents decided to punish me by withdrawing financial support.
我的父母决定对我停止经济资助以示惩戒。
punish somebody with something
 The House voted to punish the senator with a formal reprimand.
参议院投票决定正式对那位参议员予以谴责。
2  PUNISHif a crime is punished in a particular way, anyone who is guilty of it is made to suffer in that way 惩处〔犯罪行为〕 → punishment, punitive
be punished by/with something
 In some societies, theft is punished by death.
在某些社会，偷盗要被处死。
n Grammar
Punish is usually passive in this meaning.
3  punish yourself BLAMEto make yourself feel guilty or bad for something you have done 〔因为做了某事而〕责备自己
 If you fail, don’t punish yourself.
如果失败了，不要责备自己。
Examples from the Corpus
punish yourself• Perhaps you felt guilty about ignoring a charity collection, and so decided to punish yourself?• She was very sorry for her mistake and was therefore punishing herself by agreeing to marry him.• Do not attempt to punish yourself for not making adequate progress.• He himself does nothing wrong yet he still punishes himself for other's wrong doings.• Do you punish yourself or feel guilty if you fail?• Such resistance to being well necessitated the idea of unconscious forces of guilt; the patients sought to punish themselves through illness.• Sometimes he punished himself when others were inclined to exonerate him.• However, Gottlieb did not punish herself with guilt.
n THESAURUS
punish to do something unpleasant to someone because they have done something wrong or broken the law
Drug smugglers are severely punished.
She wanted to punish him for deceiving her.
fine to make someone pay money as a punishment
The company was fined for safety violations.
sentence if a judge sentences a criminal, he or she gives them an official punishment, usually sending them to prison for a period of time
The judge sentenced Margolis to a year in prison.
penalize (also penalise British English) to officially punish someone, especially by taking away their right to do something or by limiting their freedom in some way
New laws will penalize firms that continue to pollute the environment.
discipline to punish someone who has broken the rules of an organization that they belong to or work for
Officers are expected to discipline soldiers who do not keep their uniforms in good condition.
come down hard on somebody informal to punish someone or criticize them severely
The judge came down hard on Harris, saying that his crime was ‘inexcusable’.
make an example of somebody to punish someone so that other people are afraid to do the same thing
Athletics officials felt they had to make an example of him for using banned drugs.
teach somebody a lesson informal to do something in order to show someone that they must not do something again, when they have behaved very badly
I didn't want to hurt him - I just wanted teach him a lesson.
Maybe a night in jail will teach him a lesson.
make somebody pay (for something) informal to make someone wish they had never done something, by making them suffer
We should make him pay for all the mischief he's caused!
Examples from the Corpus
punish• They were the men the politicians called when they wanted somebody transferred, promoted, punished.• She still refused to give up her son and instead was punished.• The judge said he'd already been punished a thousand times.• Deserting the army during war can be punished by death.• The Court ruled that such speech could be punished even if it was not legally obscene and did not cause substantial disruption.• Two instructors were punished for harassing female students.• She was suspended while the school decided how to punish her.• His parents punished him for disobedience.• She was always reluctant to punish him.• He knew that if he didn't punish Oliver, his wife would never forgive him.• The U.S. threatened to take away trading privileges as a way to punish the country for human rights violations.• Sanders should be punished to the fullest extent of the law.
punish somebody for (doing) something• In the third, the Padres punished Brown for a felony -- he walked Hitchcock -- to score twice more.• A teacher can not be punished merely for being a member of such an organization.• We don't punish people for crimes if they are insane, because we have decided that they can't help it.• Institutionally, there are no mechanisms for punishing some one for deviant behaviour of any kind.• I tried punishing him for it, but that only made it worse.• She wondered if fate had just punished her for picking wild flowers.• Janson says she's being punished for publicly criticizing the department.• She wanted no part of some one trying to punish her husband for something she obviously regarded as between him and her.• And Sinatra punished him for the rest of his life.
be punished by/with something• Any business that operates within the investment arena that is not authorised can be punished by imprisonment or fines.• Conversely, they were punished with a lower standard of living and consequent lower status if they chose to have large ones.• Everyone had to wait their turn or be punished by filling in a long complicated questionnaire two hundred and sixteen times.• The child is punished by not being allowed to play in the next school baseball game.• The victims could be blamed and punished with impunity.• This violated the immigration ban and was punished with one to three months in prison.• When he eventually came down, he was punished with two months in solitary confinement.• Whom was she really punishing by behaving this way?
Origin punish
(1300-1400) Old French punir, from Latin punire, from poena; → PAIN1
pun·ish verb →n GRAMMAR1 →n THESAURUS1
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