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IELTS BNC: 332 COCA: 410

fall

Word family
Related topics: Government
fall1 /fɔːl $ fɒːl/ ●●● S1 W1 verb (past tensepst fell /fel/, past participlepp fallen /ˈfɔːlən $ ˈfɒːl-/)  
1 move downwards 向下移动 [intransitiveI]FALL to move or drop down from a higher position to a lower position 落下,降落,跌落
 The tree was about to fall.
那棵树快要倒下了。
 The book fell from his hands.
书从他手上跌落。
 Enough rain had fallen to flood the grounds.
雨量很大,淹没了地面。
fall down
 Rob fell down the stairs.
罗布从楼梯上跌了下来。
 She flushed and her eyes fell (=she looked down).
她脸一红,垂下了眼帘。
2 stop standing/walking etc 停止站立/行走等 [intransitiveI]FALL to suddenly go down onto the ground after you have been standing, walking, or running, especially without intending to 摔倒,跌倒
 I fell and hit my head.
我跌了一跤,撞到了头。
slip/stumble/trip etc and fall
 He slipped and fell on the ice.
他在冰面上滑倒了。
fall down
 Lizzie fell down and hurt her knee.
莉齐跌伤了膝盖。
 Peter was playing by the river when he fell in (=fell into the water).
彼得在河边玩着玩着,掉进了水里。
fall to/on your knees (=move down to the ground so that your body is resting on your knees) 跪下,下跪
 She fell to her knees beside his body.
她跪倒在他的尸体旁边。
fall flat on your face at flat3(5)
3 decrease 减少 [intransitiveI]LESS to go down to a lower level, amount, price etc, especially a much lower one 〔水平、数量、价格等,尤指较大幅度地〕下跌,下降,降低 OPP rise
 The rate of inflation was falling.
通货膨胀率正在下降。
 The island is warm all year round and winter temperatures never fall below 10 degrees.
这个岛全年温暖,冬季气温从不低于10度。
 He believes that educational standards are falling.
他认为教育水准在下降。
fall from
 Advertising revenue fell from $98.5 million to $93.3 million.
广告收益从9,850万美元跌至9,330万美元。
fall to
 The number of subscribers had fallen to 1,000.
订阅人数已降至1,000人。
fall sharply/steeply (=by a large amount) 骤降
 London share prices fell sharply yesterday.
昨天伦敦股价大跌。
see thesaurus at decrease
Register
In everyday English, people often say an amount or level goes down rather than falls: 在日常英语中,人们常用go down表示数量或水平下降,而不用fall
House prices have gone down again.
房价再次下跌。
4 become 变成 [intransitiveI, linking verb]BECOME to start to be in a new or different state 进入〔新的或不同的状态〕
fall adj
 I’ll stay with her until she falls asleep.
我会一直陪着她,直到她睡着。
 I think that I’ve fallen in love with Angela.
我觉得我爱上安杰拉了。
 She fell ill with flu.
她患感冒,病倒了。
 Albert fell silent and turned his attention to his food.
艾伯特沉默下来,将注意力转移到食物上。
fall into
 The house was empty for many years and fell into disrepair.
那幢房子空置多年,变得破旧不堪。
 One false step can mean falling into debt.
走错一步就可能意味着负债。
 He fell into despair.
他陷入绝望。
5 belong to a group 属于某一团体 [intransitiveI always + prepositionprep]LIKE/SIMILAR to belong to or be part of a particular group, area of responsibility, range of things, or type of things 属于
6 fall short of something LESSto be less than the amount or standard that is needed or that you want 未达到;不足;未满
Examples from the Corpus
7 fall victim/prey to something/somebody GETto get a very serious illness or be attacked or deceived by someone 成了的罹患者/受害者
Examples from the Corpus
8 night/darkness/dusk falls DARKif night etc falls, it starts to become dark at the beginning of the night 夜幕/黑夜/傍晚降临
Examples from the Corpus
9 silence/a hush/sadness etc falls literaryBECOME used to say that a person, group, or place becomes quiet, sad etc 安静下来/寂静下来/悲伤起来等
10 START DOING somethingstart doing STH 开始做某事 [intransitiveI] to start doing something or being involved with something, often without intending to 开始(做某事)
11 fall into place 
Examples from the Corpus
12 fall to pieces/bits 
Examples from the Corpus
13 be falling to pieces/bits BREAKif something is falling to pieces, it is in very bad condition, especially because it is very old 快散架了〔尤因其相当旧〕 SYN be falling apart
Examples from the Corpus
14 fall flat FUNNYif a joke, remark, or performance falls flat, it fails to interest or amuse people 〔笑话、说话或表演〕达不到预期效果,无法逗人笑
Examples from the Corpus
15 fall foul of somebody/something ANGRYILLEGALto do something which makes someone angry or which breaks a rule, with the result that you are punished 激怒某人/违反某事物〔从而受到惩处〕
Examples from the Corpus
16 fall by the wayside SUCCESSFULto fail, or to stop being done, used, or made 半途而废;不再进行;停止使用
Examples from the Corpus
17 fall from grace/favour LIKE somebody OR somethingto stop being liked by people in authority 失去信任;失去恩宠
Examples from the Corpus
18. fall from a great height to be forced to leave an important job or position, or lose the respect that people had for you 从高位跌落〔指被迫离开要职或失去了人们的尊重〕
Examples from the Corpus
19 fall into the hands/clutches of somebody if something or someone falls into the hands of an enemy or dangerous person, the enemy etc gets control or possession of them 落入某人的手中/控制中
Examples from the Corpus
20 fall into a trap/pitfall MISTAKEto make a mistake that many people make 犯多数人会犯的错误
Examples from the Corpus
21 fall into step 
Examples from the Corpus
22 fall into line OBEYto obey someone or do what other people want you to do, especially when you do not want to do it at first 听从,服从
Examples from the Corpus
23 hang down 垂下 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]DOWN to hang down loosely 下垂,低垂
24 light/shadow 光线/阴影 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]LIGHT to shine on a surface or go onto a surface 〔光〕照射;〔影子〕投映
25 special event/celebration 特殊事件/庆典 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]HAPPEN to happen on a particular day or at a particular time 发生
26 lose power 失去权力 [intransitiveI]PG if a leader or a government falls, they lose their position of power 下台,倒台
27 be taken by an enemy 被敌人占领 [intransitiveI]PMPPV if a place falls in a war or an election, a group of soldiers or a political party takes control of it 沦陷,失守;被控制
28. be killed 遇害 [intransitiveI]DIE to be killed in a war 阵亡 SYN die
29 hit 击打 [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]HIT to hit a particular place or a particular part of someone’s body 打中,击中
30. voice/sound 嗓音/声音 [intransitiveI]QUIET if someone’s voice or a sound falls, it becomes quieter or lower 〔嗓音或声音〕变轻,变小 OPP rise
31. it’s as easy as falling off a log spokenEASY used to say that something is very easy to do 这极其容易
32. fall between two stools British EnglishBrECHOOSE to be neither one type of thing nor another, or be unable to choose between two ways of doing something 两头落空;举棋不定
Examples from the Corpus
33. fall on stony ground British EnglishBrE if a request, suggestion, joke etc falls on stony ground, it is ignored or people do not like it 〔要求、建议、笑话等〕不被人理睬,未产生预期效果
Examples from the Corpus
34. fall from somebody’s lips literarySAY if words fall from someone’s lips, they say them 〔话〕从某人口中说出
Examples from the Corpus
35. fall into somebody’s lap if an opportunity falls into someone’s lap, they get it without having made any effort to get it 某人得来全不费功夫
36 the stress/accent/beat falls on something SLAPMused to say that a particular part of a word, phrase, or piece of music is emphasized or is played more loudly than the rest 重读/重音/拍子落在
Examples from the Corpus
be/fall under a spell at spell2(3), → fall on your feet at foot1(19), → somebody’s face fell at face1, → stand or fall by/on at stand1(33)
THESAURUS
fall (also fall over, fall down) to suddenly go down onto the floor when standing, walking, or running 跌倒,摔倒
She fell on the stairs and broke her ankle.
她在楼梯上摔了一跤,脚踝骨折。
Children are always falling over.
小孩子老是摔跟头。
trip on/over something to fall or almost fall when you hit your foot against something 被某物绊倒
Someone might trip over those toys.
可能会有人被那些玩具绊倒的。
I tripped on a piece of wood.
我被一根木头绊了一跤。
slip to fall or almost fall when you are walking on a wet or very smooth surface 滑(倒)
She slipped and hurt her ankle.
她滑了一下,伤了脚踝。
I was scared I would slip on the highly polished floor.
地板擦得好亮,我怕会滑倒。
stumble to almost fall when you put your foot down in an awkward way 绊脚
He stumbled and almost fell.
他一个踉跄,差点跌倒。
One of our porters stumbled on the rough ground.
地面高低不平,我们的一个搬运工绊了一跤。
collapse to fall suddenly and heavily to the ground, especially when you become unconscious 昏倒
One of the runners collapsed halfway through the race.
其中一名赛跑选手半途昏倒了。
lose your balance to become unsteady so that you start to fall over 失去平衡
She lost her balance on the first step and fell down the stairs.
她刚上楼梯的第一个梯阶就失去平衡,摔了下来。
nHave something to hold onto, in case you lose your balance.
fall flat on your face to fall forwards so you are lying on your front on the ground 摔了个嘴啃泥
She fell flat on her face getting out of the car.
她下车时摔了个嘴啃泥。
PHRASAL VERBS
Examples from the Corpus
Related topics: Nature, Government, Other sports
fall2 ●●● S2 W2 noun  
1 movement down 向下的移动 [countableC]FALL movement down towards the ground or towards a lower position 下跌,跌落;跌倒
2 reduction 减少 [countableC]LESS a reduction in the amount, level, price etc of something 〔数量、水平、价格等的〕下降,降低,减少 OPP rise
3 season 季节 [singular] American EnglishAmEDN the season between summer and winter, when leaves change colour and the weather becomes slightly colder 秋季 SYN autumn
4 loss of power/success 失去权力/失败 [singular]PG a situation in which someone or something loses their position of power or becomes unsuccessful 垮台,崩溃;衰败
5 fall from grace PGa situation in which someone stops being respected by other people or loses their position of authority, especially because they have done something wrong 〔尤因做错事后〕不再受人尊敬,失去权威
Examples from the Corpus
6 defeat 战败 [singular]BEAT/DEFEAT a situation in which a country, city etc is defeated by an enemy 〔国家、城市等的〕陷落,沦陷;战败,败亡
7 falls  (also Falls) [plural]DN a place where a river suddenly goes straight down over a cliff 瀑布
Examples from the Corpus
8. sport 体育运动 [countableC]DSO an act of forcing your opponent onto the ground in wrestling or judo 〔摔跤或柔道中的〕压倒,按倒
9 snow/rocks/岩石 [countableC]FALL an amount of snow, rocks etc that falls onto the ground 〔雪、岩石等的〕降落(量)
10. the Fall  (also the fall)RRC the occasion in the Bible when God punished Adam and Eve by making them leave the Garden of Eden 人类堕落〔指《圣经》中上帝惩罚亚当与夏娃,把他们赶出伊甸园〕
Examples from the Corpus
nGRAMMAR: Patterns with fall (meaning 3)
in the fall/in fall
You use in the fall or in fall when talking about something that happens during the fall season:
He visited them in the fall.
in the fall of
You use in the fall of with a year when saying when something happens:
The project will be completed in the fall of 2018.
last fall/this fall etc
Don’t use in with these words:
You say last fall:
She started college last fall.
Don’t say: She started college in last fall.
You say this fall:
This fall the leaves are really beautiful.
Don’t say: In this fall the leaves are really beautiful.
You say next fall:
The book will come out next fall.
Don’t say: The book will come out in next fall.
You say that fall:
That fall I went to Kyoto.
Don’t say: In that fall I went to Kyoto.
Examples from the Corpus
the FallFall, then noun [S]  
n1.the story in the Bible that tells how Adam and Eve, the first man and the first woman, disobeyed God. According to the story, God forbids Adam and Eve from eating the fruit (sometimes called ‘the apple’) on the Tree of Knowledge in the Garden of Eden. The serpent (=snake) persuades Eve to taste the fruit, and then Eve gives the fruit to Adam to eat. They are ashamed of disobeying God and wear fig leaves because they are also now ashamed of having no clothes on. When they tell God that they have eaten the fruit he sends them out of the Garden of Eden. This story is supposed to describe the way that human beings first learnt about the difference between good and evil.
From Longman Business Dictionary
fallfall1 /fɔːlfɒːl/ verb (past tensepst fell /fel/, past participlepp fallen /ˈfɔːlənˈfɒː-/)
1[intransitiveI] to go down to a lower price, level, amount etc
Sales of new passenger cars in Europe fell 9.6%.
fall to
The British pound fell to $1.7520 from $1.7850.
The company went public at $17 a share, but its stock price has fallen sharply since then.
The consumer confidence index fell steeply (=by a large amount) from 79.3 in May to 50.9 in October.
2fall due if a payment falls due on or by a particular date, it must be made on or by that date
Subscriptions are payable annually and fall due on 1 December.
Of these sums, $44.2 million fell due for repayment within one year and a further $22 million fell due after more than one year.
fallfall2 noun
1[countableC] a reduction in the amount, level, price etc of something
fall in
Japanese companies have tried to make up for a fall in domestic demand by increasing sales overseas.
There has been a sharp fall in the price of copper.
The steep fall in the Nikkei index means interest rates will stay low.
2[singular] when a person or organization loses their position of power or becomes unsuccessful
the rise and fall of the British motorcycle industry
Origin fall1
Old English feallan

See also: autumn

IELTS BNC: 332 COCA: 410
fall

noun¹

1accident意外事故ADJECTIVE | VERB + FALL | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEbad, nasty, terrible摔得厲害;摔得不輕;重重摔了一跤She took a bad fall while out riding.她外出騎馬時重重摔了一跤。accidental意外跌倒VERB + FALLhave, suffer, take摔倒The doctor says she's had a very nasty fall.醫生說她摔得很重。break, cushion緩解摔倒時的衝擊力Luckily a bush broke his fall.幸運的是,他掉落時有灌木擋了一下。survive跌落但幸存The chances of surviving a fall under a train are almost nil.掉到火車下面而幸免於難的可能性幾乎為零。prevent防止摔倒PREPOSITIONin a/the fall因摔跤He was hurt in a fall at his home yesterday.昨天他在家摔了一跤,受傷了。fall from從⋯摔下She broke her neck in a fall from a horse.她從馬上摔下,扭斷了脖子。
fall

noun²

2of snow/rocks雪;岩石ADJECTIVE | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEheavy大量的降落light少量的降落fresh剛下的雪a fresh fall of snow新下的一場雪rock, snow (usually snowfall) 岩崩;降雪PREPOSITIONfall of落下的⋯covered by a light fall of volcanic ash被落下的一層薄薄的火山灰覆蓋着
fall

noun³

3decrease減少ADJECTIVE | VERB + FALL | FALL + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEbig, dramatic, great, large, marked, massive, significant, substantial大幅的/急劇的/大量的/很大的/顯著的/大範圍的/明顯的/實質性的下降a big fall in house prices房價的大幅下降This triggered the recent dramatic falls on the Tokyo stock exchange.這引發了最近東京證券交易所股票的大幅度下跌。modest, slight, small適度的/略微的/少量的下降steady穩步的下降rapid, sharp, steep, sudden快速的/急劇的/猛烈的/突然的下降unexpected出人意料的下降continuing, further持續的/進一步的下降overall (especially BrE) 全面下降catastrophic災難性的下跌VERB + FALLbring, cause, contribute to, lead to, trigger導致下跌;引起下跌;促成下跌;造成下降;引發下降see, suffer看到/有所下跌Share prices suffered a slight fall yesterday.昨天股價略有下跌。record, reveal, show記錄/顯露/表明下降The opinion polls show a significant fall in her popularity.民意調查顯示她的支持率明顯降低。report報告下降Both companies reported a fall in profits in the first quarter of this year.兩家公司都報告說今年第一季度利潤有所下降。represent (especially BrE) 表示下降This figure represents a fall of 21% on the same period last year.這一數字表明與去年同期相比下降了 21%。FALL + VERBoccur下降出現The fall in age at first marriage occurred during the second half of the 18th century.初婚年齡下降出現在 18 世紀下半葉。PREPOSITIONfall in在⋯方面的下降a large fall in share prices股票價格的大幅度下跌
fall

noun⁴

4defeat失敗VERB + FALL | PREPOSITION | PHRASES VERB + FALLbring about, cause, contribute to, lead to導致/引起/促成/使走向衰敗the actions that led to his eventual fall from power導致他最終下台的行動PREPOSITIONfall from從⋯垮台PHRASESthe rise and fall of sth⋯的興衰a book charting the rise and fall of the Habsburg Empire講述哈布斯堡帝國興衰的一本書
fall

noun⁵

5 (NAmE) autumn秋季ADJECTIVE | FALL + NOUN ADJECTIVElast, this past剛過去的秋天;剛過去的這個秋天the following, next, this, this coming接下來的/下一個/這個/即將到來的這個秋天early, late初秋;晚秋FALL + NOUNweather秋天的天氣color秋色The trees were on fire with vibrant fall colors.樹木呈現出鮮明的秋日色彩,層林盡染,像一團火。foliage秋日的樹葉New England's gorgeous fall foliage新英格蘭絢麗的秋葉harvest秋季的收成equinox秋分semester, term秋季學期He returned to school a month into the fall semester.他在秋季學期開始後一個月重返校園。 note at season (for more collocates)
fall

verb¹

1drop to the ground落下ADVERB | VERB + FALL | PREPOSITION ADVERBheavily重重落下She fell heavily to the ground.她重重地摔倒在地。steadily不斷地落下The rain was falling steadily.雨一直在下。freely自由下落Tears fell freely from her eyes.她任由淚水奪眶而出。limply無力地落下Her hands fell limply to her sides.她雙手無力地垂在身旁。down, off, overboard跌落;摔下;從船邊跌下A tile fell off the roof.一片瓦從房簷上落下。He fell overboard in heavy seas.他從船上掉進了波濤洶湧的大海中。VERB + FALLbe about to將要落下let sb/sth讓⋯落下She lifted her arm, but then let it fall.她抬起手臂,然後又放了下來。PREPOSITIONfrom從⋯摔下He fell from the fourth floor.他從四層樓上摔了下來。into掉入⋯One of the kids fell into the river.其中一個孩子掉進了河裏。on落在⋯上the snow falling on the fields落在田野中的雪onto落在⋯上Loose bricks were falling down onto the ground.鬆脫的磚塊正往地上掉。to掉在⋯上The plate fell to the floor.盤子掉在了地板上。
fall

verb²

2suddenly stop standing跌倒ADVERB | VERB + FALL | PHRASES ADVERBalmost, nearly幾乎/差點兒跌倒He stumbled and almost fell.他絆了一下,幾乎摔倒。headlong一頭栽下去She fell headlong, with a cry of alarm.她驚叫一聲,一頭栽了下去。down, over跌倒;跌下One of the children fell over.其中一個孩子跌倒了。backwards/backward, forward向後/向前跌倒VERB + FALLbe about to將要倒下The house looked as if it was about to fall down.這座房子看上去搖搖欲墜。PHRASESstumble and fall, trip and fall絆倒
fall

verb³

3decrease降低ADVERB | VERB + FALL | PREPOSITION ADVERBdramatically, rapidly, sharply, significantly, steeply大幅/迅速/猛烈/顯著/急劇下降The price of coal fell sharply.煤炭價格急劇下跌。slightly略微下降steadily穩步下降VERB + FALLbe expected to, be likely to有望/很可能下跌Demand is likely to fall by some 15%.需求有可能下降 15% 左右。continue to繼續下跌PREPOSITIONbelow下降到⋯以下Winter temperatures never fall below 10°C.冬天氣溫從來沒有低於 10 攝氏度。by下降幅度為⋯Expenditure on education fell by 10% last year.去年教育支出下降了 10%。from從⋯下降The number of people unemployed has fallen from two million to just over one and a half million.失業人數已從 200 萬下降到 150 多一點兒。to降至⋯Her voice fell to a whisper.她的聲音變小,成了耳語。
fall

verb⁴

4belong to a group屬於某類ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERBsquarely完全屬於某一類別PREPOSITIONinto屬於⋯範圍Out of over 400 staff there are just 14 that fall into this category.400 多位員工中只有 14 位屬於這一類別。outside不在⋯範圍That topic falls outside the scope of this thesis.那個論題偏離了這篇論文論述的範圍。under歸入⋯項下This falls under the heading of scientific research.這屬於科學研究的領域。within屬於⋯範圍This case falls squarely within the committee's jurisdiction.這件事情完全在該委員會的管轄範圍之內。
IELTS BNC: 332 COCA: 410
fall verb
fall1 (the temperature falls) fall2 (fall into the river) fall3 (slip and fall on the ice) rain (rain/snow falls)
fall noun
overthrow (the rise and fall of the Roman Empire) reduction (a fall in popularity)
fall1

verb

the temperature falls 温度下降fall into the river 掉进河里slip and fall on the ice 在冰上滑一跤 See also the entry for slump 另见slump条fall ♦︎ decline ♦︎ drop ♦︎ diminish ♦︎ decrease ♦︎ sink ♦︎ come downThese are all words that can be used when the amount, level or number of sth goes down. 这些词均表示数量减少或程度下降。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配to fall / decline / drop / diminish / decrease / sink / come down by 100, 25%, a half, etc.to fall / decline / drop / decrease / sink / come down from 15 000 to 1 000to decline / diminish / decrease / come down in number, level, size, etc.to decline / diminish / decrease with age, time, experience, etc.numbers fall / decline / drop / diminish / decrease / come downlevels fall / decline / drop / decreaseprices / rates fall / decline / drop / decrease / sink / come downprofits / sales fall / decline / drop / decrease / sinkthe temperature falls / dropssb's voice falls / drops / sinksto fall / decline / drop / diminish / decrease / sink sharply / rapidlyto fall / decline / drop / decrease dramatically / suddenlyto fall / decline / drop / diminish / decrease slightly / slowly / gradually / steadily fall (fell, fallen) [intransitive, transitive] to become lower or less in level, number or strength (数量)减少;(水平)下降;(强度)减小Their profits have fallen by 30 per cent.他们的利润减少了30%。The temperature fell sharply in the night.夜间温度陡降。Falling birth rates could have an impact on future economic growth.下降的出生率可能会对未来的经济增长产生影响。 (written) Her voice fell to a whisper.她的声音变小,成了耳语。Share prices fell 30p.股价下跌了30便士。OPP rise rise see also fall reduction noun decline dɪˈklaɪn [intransitive] (rather formal, especially written) to become lower or less in level, number, size, strength or importance (水平、数量、大小、强度或重要性)减少,下降,衰退The number of tourists visiting the resort declined by 10% last year.去年到这个胜地旅游的人数减少了10%。Manufacturing industry has slowly declined in importance.制造业已慢慢变得不如从前那么重要了。OPP increase rise see also decline reduction noun drop (-pp-) [intransitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to become lower or less in level, number or strength (数量)减少;(水平)下降;(强度)减小The Dutch team have dropped to fifth place.荷兰队已降至第五名。At last the wind dropped.风势终于减弱了。OPP rise , climb rise see also drop reduction noun NOTE 辨析 Fall, decline or drop?In many cases you can use any of these words. 这些词在很多情况下可以通用Sales have fallen / declined / dropped by 20%.销售额下降了20%。They can all be used to talk about numbers, levels, rates, prices, profits and sales. To talk about a loss of economic strength in a particular place or industry, use decline. 这些词均可描述数量、水平、比率、价格、利润和销售额。描述特定地方或行业的经济实力衰退用declineThe area / city / industry / market / sector has declined (in importance).该地区/城市/行业/市场/领域(的重要性)降低了。You can also use decline to talk about support for or interest in sth, or a person's health. A person's voice can fall or drop. Temperatures fall or drop. The wind can only drop. Things can fall or decline over a period of time, but drop cannot be used in the progressive tenses. * decline还可表示对事物的支持减少、兴趣下降或人的健康状况恶化。人的声音变小或温度下降用fall或drop均可。风势减弱只能用drop。fall和decline均可指在一段时间内减少、下降,而drop不能用于进行时Sales have been falling / declining.销售额一直在下降。falling / declining sales下降的销售额Sales have been dropping. dropping sales diminish dɪˈmɪnɪʃ [intransitive] (rather formal, especially written) to become lower or less in number, amount or strength (数目、数量或强度)减少,下降,变弱The world's resources are rapidly diminishing.世界的资源正在迅速减少。His influence has diminished with time.随着时间的推移,他的影响已不如从前了。Our efforts were producing diminishing returns (= we achieved less although we spent more time or money).我们加大了投入,收益却在递减。Numbers and amounts of sth can diminish, but figures, rates, levels, profits and sales cannot. * diminish可与number和amount搭配,指数量减少,但不能表示数字、比率、水平、利润和销售额下降。 OPP enhance improve 1 decrease [intransitive] (rather formal) to fall in number or level (数量)减少;(水平)下降The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.今年新生人数从210减少到160。The number of quarrels among children decreases with age (= the older they are, the fewer quarrels they have).儿童间争吵的次数随着年龄增长而减少。OPP increase rise see also decrease reduction noun sink (sank, sunk) [intransitive] (especially business 尤用于商业) to fall in value or strength (价值或强度)降低,减弱The pound has sunk to its lowest recorded level against the dollar.英镑对美元的比价已降到历史新低。His voice sank almost to a whisper.他的声音渐低,几乎成了耳语。 OPP rise rise ˌcome ˈdown

phrasal verb

(came, come)(especially of prices) to fall in level (尤指价格)下降,降低The price of gas is coming down.煤气价格在下跌。Gas is coming down in price.煤气价格在下跌。OPP go up rise
fall2

verb

the temperature falls 温度下降fall into the river 掉进河里slip and fall on the ice 在冰上滑一跤fall ♦︎ go down (sth) ♦︎ come down (sth) ♦︎ descend ♦︎ drop ♦︎ sink ♦︎ crash ♦︎ tumble ♦︎ topple ♦︎ plungeThese words all mean to move downwards, especially suddenly and/or by accident. 这些词均表示落下,尤指突然或意外地掉落、跌落。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配to fall / go / come / drop / sink / crash / tumble downto go down / come down / descend the stairs / stepsto go down / come down / descend a ladderto fall / plunge to your death fall (fell, fallen) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to go from a higher place to a lower place, especially suddenly and/or by accident (尤指突然或意外地)落下,掉落,跌落Several of the books had fallen onto the floor.这些书有几本掉到了地上。One of the kids fell into the river.其中有一个小孩掉进了河里。September had come and the leaves were starting to fall.已到9月了,树叶开始凋落。He fell 23 metres onto the rocks below.他掉到下面23米处的岩石上。 fall

noun

[countable] She was killed in a fall from a horse.她从马背上掉下来摔死了。
ˌgo ˈdown sth ˌgo ˈdown

phrasal verb

(goes, went, gone)to move from a higher place to a lower place; to fall to the ground 向下移动;落下;倒在地上I've been going up and down the stairs all day.我一整天都在楼梯上跑来跑去的。The sun went down below the horizon.太阳落到了地平线下。She tripped and went down with a bump.她绊了一下,重重地摔倒在地上。 OPP go up (sth)climb
ˌcome ˈdown sth ˌcome ˈdown

phrasal verb

(came, come)to move from a higher place to a lower place; to break and fall to the ground 向下移动;崩塌;坍塌She came down the steps two at a time.她一步跨两级地走下台阶。The ceiling came down with a terrific crash.随着一声可怕的巨响,天花板塌了下来。 OPP go up (sth)climb NOTE 辨析 Go down or come down? Go is usually used from the point of view of the person who is moving somewhere. Come is usually used from the point of view of the person or place that sb/sth is moving to or towards. * go通常是从行进者的角度出发,come通常是从目的地的角度出发。
descend dɪˈsend [intransitive, transitive] (formal) to go down from a higher place to a lower place 下去;下降The plane began to descend.飞机开始降落。She descended the stairs slowly.她缓慢地走下楼梯。 OPP ascend climb descent

noun

[countable, usually singular] The plane began its descent to Heathrow.飞机开始向希思罗机场降落。
drop (-pp-) [intransitive] to fall by accident; to fall or sit down, especially because you are no longer able to stand (意外地)落下,掉下;(尤指因无法再站立而)倒下,坐下The climber slipped and dropped to his death.那个攀登者一失足掉下去摔死了。He staggered in and dropped into a chair.他摇摇晃晃地走了进来,一屁股坐在椅子上。 sink (sank, sunk) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) (of a person) to move downwards, especially by falling or sitting down; (of an object) to move slowly downwards (人)倒下,坐下;(物体)下沉,下陷She sank back into her seat.她坐回椅子上。The old man had sunk to his knees.老头跪了下去。The foundations of the building are starting to sink.楼房的地基开始下陷。 crash [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to hit sth hard while moving, causing noise and/or damage 猛撞;碰撞A brick crashed through the window.砖块哗啦一声砸穿了窗户。With a sweep of his hand he sent the glasses crashing to the floor.他一挥手把眼镜碰到地上摔碎了。The door crashed open.门砰的一声给砸开了。 tumble [intransitive] to fall suddenly and in a dramatic way 倒塌;坍塌The scaffolding came tumbling down.脚手架突然坍塌。 tumble

noun

[countable, usually singular] The jockey took a nasty tumble at the third fence.骑师在第三道栅栏处重重摔下马来。
topple [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to become unsteady and fall down (失去平衡而)坠落,倒塌,倒下The pile of books toppled over.那摞书倒了。 plunge [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to move suddenly forwards and/or downwards 突然前冲(或下落)She lost her balance and plunged 100 feet to her death.她没有站稳,从100英尺的高处跌下摔死了。
fall3

verb

the temperature falls 温度下降fall into the river 掉进河里slip and fall on the ice 在冰上滑一跤fall ♦︎ fall over ♦︎ stumble ♦︎ trip ♦︎ fall downThese words all mean to stop standing suddenly. 这些词均表示突然倒下、跌倒。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配to stumble / trip over sth fall (fell, fallen) (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) [intransitive] (especially written) to suddenly stop standing 突然倒下;跌倒She slipped and fell on the ice.她在冰上滑了一跤。 ˌfall ˈover

phrasal verb

(fell, fallen) (especially spoken) to suddenly stop standing 突然倒下;跌倒I fell over and cut my knee.我跌倒划破了膝盖。
stumble [intransitive] to hit your foot against sth while you are walking or running and fall or almost fall 绊脚The child stumbled and fell.孩子绊了一下,摔倒了。I stumbled over a rock.我在石头上绊了一下。 trip (-pp-) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to catch your foot on sth and fall or almost fall 绊;绊倒Someone will trip over that cable.有人会让那条电缆绊倒的。Be careful you don't trip up on the step.你小心别在台阶上绊倒了。 ˌfall ˈdown

phrasal verb

(fell, fallen)to suddenly stop standing 突然倒下;跌倒The house looked as if it was about to fall down.那座房子看起来摇摇欲坠。NOTE 辨析 Fall, fall over or fall down? Fall and fall over are only used to talk about people in this meaning; fall down can be used to talk about people, buildings, or other structures that can stand and then suddenly stop standing. Fall is used more in writing. In British English fall over is used more in speech. In American English fall down is used more in speech. * fall和fall over表达此义时只用于人,fall down可用于人、建筑物或其他可以直立而又突然倒下的结构体。fall多用于书面语。fall over多用于英式英语的口语。 fall down多用于美式英语的口语。
IELTS BNC: 332 COCA: 410
fall
To become less in size, amount or value: crater, decrease, decline...
Relationships and membership of social groups: relationship, connection, association...
Invading and taking control by force: invade, occupy, suppress...
What roads, paths and areas of land do: ascend, bend, bifurcate...
Slopes and sloping: slope, tilt, incline...
What voices can do: break, choke, crack...
What light can do: reflect, flood, fade...
Pronunciation and pronouncing words: pronunciation, pronounce, articulation...
Movements downwards: fall, descent, plunge...
Rates of decrease and the process of decreasing: decrease, reduction, decline...
A defeat in a game or competition: defeat, rout, beating...
Changing social or professional status: acquire, ascent, bankrupt...
Parts of lakes, rivers and streams: backwater, bayou, bed...

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