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IELTS BNC: 888 COCA: 1220

stone

Word family 
Related topics: Geology, Jewellery, Illness & disability
ldoce_319_dstone1 /stəʊn $ stoʊn/ ●●● S2 W1 noun  
1  rock 岩石 [uncountableU]HEG a hard solid mineral substance 石头；岩石；石料
 a stone wall
石墙
 stone steps
石台阶
 The floors are made of stone.
地面是石头铺成的。
→5  See picture of pebbles 卵石, stones 石头, fossil 化石, precious stone宝石 →4  See picture of 见图 stone
2  piece of rock 石块 [countableC]HEG a small piece of rock of any shape, found on the ground 石块，石子 SYN American English rock
 A handful of protesters began throwing stones at the police.
有几个抗议者开始朝警察投掷石块。
3. jewellery 珠宝 [countableC]DCJ a jewel 宝石 SYN precious stone →5 see picture at 见图 jewellery
4. fruit 水果 [countableC] British EnglishBrEHBP the large hard part at the centre of some fruits, such as a peach or cherry, which contains the seed 果核 SYN American English pit →4  See picture of 见图 FRUIT 1 →5 see picture at 见图 fruit1
5. medical 医学的 [countableC]MI a ball of hard material that can form in organs such as your bladder or kidneys 〔膀胱或肾脏等器官中的〕结石
6. weight 重量 (plural stone) [countableC] (written abbreviation st) a British unit for measuring weight, equal to 14 pounds or 6.35 kilograms 英石〔英国的重量单位，等于14磅或6.35千克〕
7  a stone’s throw from something/away (from something) NEARvery close to something 在（某物）投石可及的距离，非常靠近（某物）， 在（某物）附近
 The hotel is only a stone’s throw from the beach.
这家酒店离海滩很近。
8. be made of stone  (also have a heart of stone)EMOTIONAL# to not show any emotions or pity for someone 冷酷无情，有一副铁石心肠
Examples from the Corpus
be made of stone• Before the steel skeleton, tall buildings were made of stone.• The floors throughout the house are made of stone, including upstairs!
9  not be carved/etched in stone used to say an idea or plan could change 〔想法、计划等〕并非不可更改
 John has several new ideas for the show, but nothing is etched in stone yet.
约翰对这个节目有一些新的构想，但现在还什么都没定。
Examples from the Corpus
not be carved/etched in stone• John has several new ideas for the show, but nothing is etched in stone yet.
10  leave no stone unturned to do everything you can in order to find something or to solve a problem 千方百计，想尽一切办法
 Jarvis left no stone unturned in his search to find the ring.
贾维斯千方百计寻找那枚戒指。
Examples from the Corpus
leave no stone unturned• If a solution can be found, Mr Danby, I shall leave no stone unturned until I have found it.• Union leaders have promised to leave no stone unturned in their search for a way to keep the factory open.• Henry was a boy who left no stone unturned, and he got a torch and shone the beam inside.
Examples from the Corpus
stone• Does he believe that one can get blood out of a stone?• a stone wall• It is not difficult to construct your own labyrinth, either in stones or cut into your lawn.• Messina is a city built of stone.• The gold ring was set with four precious stones.• Bernice knelt at the wall, pressing her ear against the stone.• And he insists that the museum trustees acted without authority when they gave the stones away.• He is afraid of falling and of the stone floor under him.• Kids were throwing stones into the water.• The Oxford sequences were shot in Edinburgh and the uncompromising stone facades of that city become darker and darker.
stone wall• The bonnet was embedded in a stone wall.• A stile over a stone wall led into a field whose furthest wall consisted of the grey squat towers of the castle.• A stone wall had subsequently been inserted, obscuring its original width.• Placing one hand on the cold stone wall for guidance, she plunged forward.• Opposite, the fields of the abbey stretched to its grey stone walls.• There was a shoulder-high stone wall, rooted with ivy-leaved toadflax.• It flickered over stone walls, glinting on darker, shinier patches here and there.• It does not respect stone walls.
Related topics: Cooking
stone2 verb [transitiveT]  
1  THROWto throw stones at someone or something 向…扔石头，用石头掷击
 Rioters blocked roads and stoned vehicles.
暴徒们堵住道路，并朝汽车投掷石块。
2. stone somebody to death to kill someone by throwing stones at them, used as a punishment 用石头砸死某人〔作为惩罚〕
Examples from the Corpus
stone somebody to death• And they stoned her to death.• They might approve of, and practice, ostracizing homosexuals from society, but stoning them to death?• TheJewish council stoned Stephen to death after he denounced them.
3  British EnglishBrEDFC to take the stone out of fruit 去掉〔水果〕的核 SYN American English pit
 stoned dates
去核海枣
4. stone the crows!  (also stone me!) British EnglishBrE old-fashionedSURPRISED used to express surprise or shock 哎呀！啊！〔表示惊讶或震惊〕
Examples from the Corpus
stone• Late last year five women wearing T-shirts were stoned in Dili's central market for dressing inappropriately and talking on mobile phones.• During the riot the mob started stoning the British embassy.• I remember hearing stories in my childhood about how women like that were stoned to death in the old country.• The thieves were caught and sentenced to be stoned to death.
Origin stone1
Old English stan
stone1 nounstone2 verb
Chinese
Corpus

See also: ldoce4188jpg

IELTS BNC: 888 COCA: 1220
stone

noun¹

 1hard solid substance堅硬物質ADJECTIVE | ... OF STONE | VERB + STONE | STONE + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤heavy沉重的石頭▸➤hard堅硬的石頭▸➤rough, smooth粗糙的／光滑的石頭▸➤weathered風化的石頭▸➤carved石雕；石刻◇a carved stone fireplace石雕壁爐➤dressed, polished修琢過的／拋光過的石料◇The wall was built of large blocks of dressed stone.這面牆是用大塊的修琢石砌成的。➤crushed碎石▸➤building建築石材... OF STONE➤block, slab一方石頭；一塊石板VERB + STONE➤break, cut, hew (sth from/out of)敲碎石頭；切割石材；把石頭劈成⋯◇Convicts were made to break stone for the roads.囚犯們被要求砸石子築路。◇The stone is cut into blocks ready for building.石頭被切割成建築用石塊。◇The walls were hewn from local stone.牆是用當地石材鑿成的。➤be built from/in/of/out of, be carved from/in/of/out of, be made from/in/of/out of用石頭建成／雕成／製成◇names carved in stone刻在石頭上的名字➤carve sth in在石頭上雕刻⋯STONE + NOUN➤block, flag, slab石塊；石板◇The path's stone slabs were worn and broken.小路上的石板已經磨蝕、斷裂了。➤arch, archway, bridge, building, floor, house, pillar, stairs, structure, wall, etc.石拱門、石拱道、石橋、石頭建築、石地板、石屋、石柱、石梯、石結構、石牆等▸➤monument, sculpture, tablet石紀念碑；石雕；石碑➤axe/ax, tool石斧；石具➤mason (usually stonemason) 石匠◇He went to work as a stonemason.他去做了石匠。PREPOSITION➤in stone用石頭◇He is a sculptor who works mainly in stone.他是個雕刻家，以石雕為主。PHRASES➤be set in, be written in (both figurative) 不可更改◇These rules are not set in stone.這些規定並非不可更改。
stone

noun²

 2 (especially BrE) small piece of rock石子  ➡ see also rock ADJECTIVE | ... OF STONES | VERB + STONE ADJECTIVE➤sharp稜角尖銳的石子▸➤smooth光滑的石子▸➤round圓石子▸➤loose鬆動的石頭◇Some loose stones tumbled down the slope behind her.一些鬆動的石頭從她身後的斜坡上滾了下來。... OF STONES➤heap, pile一堆石子VERB + STONE➤cast (figurative) , hurl, throw攻擊；扔石頭◇Let he who is without sin cast the first stone.讓無罪的人開頭炮。◇The boys were caught throwing stones at passing trains.那些男孩子向過路的火車扔石頭，被逮住了。
stone

noun³

 3piece of stone shaped for a particular purpose為特定用途加工成特定形狀的石塊ADJECTIVE | STONE + NOUN ADJECTIVE➤foundation基石▸➤memorial紀念碑➤paving, stepping鋪路石；踏腳石➤cobble, kerb/curb (usually cobblestone, etc.) 鵝卵石；路緣石▸➤grinding, sharpening磨石；磨刀石➤pumice浮石▸➤standing（史前的）豎石紀念物；巨石STONE + NOUN➤circle（西歐的）史前環狀巨石陣◇The stone circle at Avebury is larger than Stonehenge.埃夫伯里的史前環狀巨石陣比索爾茲伯里的巨石陣規模還要大。
stone

noun⁴

 4precious stone寶石ADJECTIVE | VERB + STONE | STONE + VERB ADJECTIVE➤gem (usually gemstone) , precious, semi-precious經切割打磨的寶石；寶石；半寶石VERB + STONE➤mine開採寶石▸➤cut切割寶石▸➤set鑲嵌寶石◇She had the stone set in a ring.她請人把寶石鑲嵌在戒指上。STONE + VERB➤glitter, shine寶石閃閃發光／絢麗奪目
stone

noun⁵

 5 (BrE) measure of weight重量單位  ➡ note at measure
IELTS BNC: 888 COCA: 1220
stone noun
⇨ stone (stone walls/throw stones) ⇨ grain (cherry/peach stones)stone

noun

stone ♦︎ rock ♦︎ boulder ♦︎ pebbleThese are all words for a hard solid mineral substance that is found in the ground. 这些词均表示石头、岩石。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆solid stone / rock◆to throw a stone / rock / boulder / pebble■ stone [uncountable, countable](often used before nouns or in compounds) a hard solid mineral substance that is found in the ground, often used for building; a piece of stone shaped for a particular purpose （常用于名词前或构成复合词）石头，岩石，石料；（经塑形使具有某种用途的）石块◆Most of the houses are built of stone.这些房子大多数是用石头建造的。◆stone walls石墙◆a stone bridge / floor / carving石桥；石地板；石雕◆a flight of stone steps一段石头台阶◆These words are carved on the stone beside his grave.他的墓碑上刻着这样的话。ⓘ Especially in British English a stone can be a small piece of stone of any shape. 特别是在英式英语中，stone可指任何形状的小石头◆ (especially BrE) Some children were throwing stones into the lake.一些孩子正往湖里投石子。 ▸ stony

adjective

◆a stony beach多石的海滩■ rock [uncountable, countable] the hard solid mineral substance that forms part of the surface of the earth and some other planets; a large piece of rock sticking up out of the ground or the sea; a large single piece of rock 岩石；石山；礁石；巨石块；岩块◆They drilled through several layers of rock to reach the oil.他们钻透了几层岩石寻找石油。◆volcanic / igneous / sedimentary rocks火山岩；火成岩；沉积岩◆The ship crashed into the infamous Sker Point Rocks and broke into three pieces.那艘船撞在恶名远扬的斯戈尔尖岬暗礁群上面，断成三截。◆They clambered over the rocks at the foot of the cliff.他们吃力地攀过了绝壁脚下的巨石。◆The sign said 'Danger: falling rocks'.警示牌上写着“危险：前有落石”。ⓘ In American English a rock can also be a small stone. 在美式英语中，rock也可指小石块◆ (NAmE) Demonstrators threw rocks at the police.示威者向警察扔石块。 ▸ rocky

adjective

◆a rocky coastline岩石嶙嶙的海岸线NOTE 辨析 Stone or rock?In British English people throw stones and a rock is sth too big to pick up and throw. In American English rock is the usual word for a small piece of rock that you can pick up, and stone is not usually used in this way. In both British and American English stone [uncountable] is used especially to talk about sth that has been cut or dug up from the ground, for example in order to build sth. Rock [uncountable] is used especially to talk about sth that is still a part of or attached to the ground. 在英式英语中，表示扔石子要用throw stones，rock则太大，无法拾起或投掷。在美式英语中，rock通常表示可以捡起的小石子，stone则通常不这样用。无论在英式还是美式英语中，stone作为不可数名词尤指从地下挖出来的石头，例如用于建筑的石料。rock作为不可数名词尤指仍然与大地连在一起的岩石◆Most of the houses are built of stone.那些房子大多数是用石头建造的。◆Most of the houses are built of rock. ◆The rock walls of the canyon are almost a mile high.这个峡谷的石壁差不多有1英里高。◆The stone walls of the canyon are almost a mile high. ■ boulder ˈbəʊldə(r); NAmE ˈboʊldər [countable] a very large rock, often with a round shape that has been made by water or the weather （受水或天气侵蚀而成的）巨石，漂砾◆As the ice sheet rode over the land, huge boulders were ripped from the underlying rock.冰盖划过地面时，从地表下面的岩石上撕下来一些巨石块。■ pebble [countable] a small, smooth stone that is found in or near water （水中或水边的）鹅卵石，砾石◆The hotel is located beside a pebble beach in a quiet bay.那酒店坐落在僻静海湾里一个卵石海滩旁。
IELTS BNC: 888 COCA: 1220
stone
Layers and arrangements of stone or rock: aquifer, bed, bedrock...
Building materials: adobe, aggregate, asbestos...
Made of or similar to a specific substance: acrylic, alabaster, be built of something...
Pieces of stone or rock: boulder, flint, gravel...
Stones used in jewellery: agate, amethyst, aquamarine...
Parts of fruit and substances in fruit: bruising, core, dextrose...
Units for measuring weight, area or volume: acre, are, area...
To aim and to throw: throw, direct, aim...
The punishment of being hit: beating, the birch, box someone's ears...
Prepare food for cooking or eating: bake, beat, blanch...

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