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IELTS BNC: 8458 COCA: 9029

refrain

re·frain1 /rɪˈfreɪn/ ●○○ verb [intransitiveI] formal  
NOT DO somethingto not do something that you want to do 克制，抑制，忍住 → abstain
refrain from (doing) something
 Please refrain from smoking in this area.
请勿在此处吸烟。
Examples from the Corpus
refrain• Kate wanted to slap Keith round the face but she refrained.• Refiners have refrained from building any new plants since 1977.• Rand refrained from comment on the scandal involving his opponent.• He explained that he had refrained from elaborating on his opponents' anti-constitutional activities in order to avoid tension.• Jessica had refrained from expressing any further disquiet over them - at lest to me.• Black leaders will refrain from hammering at the issue out of an uneasiness at speaking about intergenerational oppression.• The storekeepers paid Mr. B. a fin a week, and he refrained from smashing up their equipment.• Please refrain from smoking in the restaurant.• Chamlong, seated beside Suchinda, appealed to protestors to refrain from violence.• Nevertheless, he refrains from visiting at the Vincys' for a time.
refrain from (doing) something• On the contrary, they had refrained from acting earlier even though they knew of the slaughter.• Thus, a doctor is under a duty to refrain from any act which may aid his patient in committing suicide.• A restriction that he refrain from counseling women will expire at the end of this month.• The vendor will undertake that the company will refrain from doing certain acts or matters pending completion.• But for most women, it was fashionable to refrain from eating long before it became fashionable to be slender.• The panel recommended that officers refrain from such actions, Eide said.• His swollen, inflamed face had become unbearable now; he could neither touch it, nor refrain from touching it.
Related topics: Music
refrain2 noun [countableC]  
1. APMpart of a song or poem that is repeated, especially at the end of each verse 〔歌曲或诗歌每节末尾的〕反复句，叠句，副歌 → chorus
2  formalREPEAT a remark or idea that is often repeated 经常重复的话[想法]
 Our proposal met with the constant refrain that the company could not afford it.
我们的提议所得到的答复就是那句说了一遍又一遍的老话——“公司负担不起费用”。
Examples from the Corpus
refrain• Ever since the 23d of September he had recommenced his eternal refrain by demanding reinforcements, and... more reinforcements!• Both Mama Bear and Papa Bear repeat their familiar refrain.• His swollen, inflamed face had become unbearable now; he could neither touch it, nor refrain from touching it.• Her own refrain went: This is not for me.• Most notable were the razor-sharp bottleneck on Cloud Nine and the familar, sliding refrain of Something.• And beneath it, that refrain of betrayal.• "Never again" is the refrain associated with the Holocaust.• Who is the beloved who sings this refrain to her lover?• This refrain might play well in Washington, but it gets less true by the day.
Origin refrain1
(1300-1400) Old French refrener, from Latin refrenare, from frenum “bridle”
 refrain2
(1300-1400) Old French refraindre “to make sound”, from Latin refringere; → REFRACT
re·frain1 verbrefrain2 noun
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 8458 COCA: 9029
refrain

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + REFRAIN | REFRAIN + VERB ADJECTIVE➤constant一再重複的話▸➤common, familiar耳熟能詳的話◇Complaints about school food have become a familiar refrain.對學校伙食的抱怨已經是耳熟能詳的老調了。VERB + REFRAIN➤sing, take up唱副歌；開始唱副歌◇The choir's sopranos took up the refrain.合唱隊的女高音開始唱副歌部份。➤echo, repeat重彈老調；一再重複話語➤hear聽見一再重複的話◇I kept hearing the same refrain.我一再聽到同樣的老調。REFRAIN + VERB➤go正如常說的◇Can you remember how the refrain goes?你能記起那句老話是怎麼說的嗎？
refrain

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤carefully, deliberately小心克制；刻意忍住◇He deliberately refrained from expressing his opinion on the matter.他刻意避免就這一問題發表看法。➤wisely明智地克制➤barely幾乎不能克制◇Priscilla could barely refrain from clapping her hands together.普麗西拉幾乎忍不住要隨着一起拍手了。PREPOSITION➤from抑制⋯◇I refrained from laughing.我忍住不笑。
IELTS BNC: 8458 COCA: 9029
IELTS BNC: 8458 COCA: 9029
refrain
To not act, or to not do something: bother, abstain, neglect...
Parts of poems: canto, couplet, dactyl...
Parts of songs: chorus, lyric, refrain...
Types of phrase or expression: adage, aphorism, axiom...

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