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excess

Word family 
ex·cess1 /ɪkˈses, ˈekses/ ●●○ noun  
1  [singular, uncountableU]TOO/TOO MUCH a larger amount of something than is allowed or needed 过多，过量
 After you apply the oil, wait 20 minutes before wiping off any excess.
涂上油以后，等20分钟再擦掉多余部分。
excess of
 It was an excess of enthusiasm that caused the problem.
是过度热情引起了这一问题。
2  in excess of something MORE THAN A NUMBER OR AMOUNTmore than a particular amount 超过[多于]某事物
 The car reached speeds in excess of 100 miles per hour.
这辆汽车的时速超过了100英里。
Examples from the Corpus
in excess of something• Amounts paid as salary that are in excess of what is reasonable are treated as dividends.• Drexel has netted fees in excess of $ 100 million for single take-overs.• Skin and fat can not be present in excess of natural proportions.• Any funds realized in excess of the amount owed must be returned to the borrower.• Payments received in excess of the amount loaned are the property of the borrower.• The director earns an annual salary in excess of $100,000.• The AFL-CIO also has spent in excess of $ 10 million to organize its election-year drive.• The deal is for 15 years and is valued in excess of $ 100 million.• Over several days, glycosuria leads to a significant osmotic diuresis, with losses of water in excess of sodium.
3  do something to excess TOO/TOO MUCHto do something too much or too often, so that it may harm you 做某事过度[过分]
 Drinking is OK as long as you don’t do it to excess.
饮酒可以，只要不过量。
Examples from the Corpus
do something to excess• Irwin admitted he often used alcohol and drugs to excess.
4  excesses [plural]BAD BEHAVIOUR OR ACTIONS harmful actions that are socially or morally unacceptable 过分的行为；越轨行为
excesses of
 The government was unable to curb the excesses of the secret police.
政府无法约束秘密警察的过分行为。
 the worst excesses of journalism
新闻工作中那些最糟糕的越轨行为
Examples from the Corpus
excesses• The people have not forgotten the excesses of the military regime.
5  [uncountableU]HARM/BE BAD FOR behaviour which is not acceptable because it is too extreme 极端行径
 a long sermon against the dangers of excess
告诫极端行为会造成危害的长篇大论
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 4:
adjectives
worst excesses
He lived through some of the worst excesses of apartheid in South Africa.
wild excesses (=very extreme behaviour)
The Press Complaints Commission criticized the wilder excesses of tabloid journalism.
verbs
curb the excesses of something (=control or limit bad behaviour)
A strong press can help to curb the excesses of government.
commit excesses (=do very bad or immoral things, especially hurting or killing people in an unacceptable way)
The excesses committed by a small number of soldiers have ruined the regiment's good name.
perpetrate excesses formal (=commit them)
Government forces used the situation as an excuse to perpetrate excesses against suspected rebels.
Examples from the Corpus
excess• They loll about in gorgeousness; they live for art; they believe in excess.• Altogether, the totals are greatly in excess of available funds.• The AFL-CIO also has spent in excess of $ 10 million to organize its election-year drive.• His thirty-minute ramble was greatly appreciated by all present, as it enabled many to sleep off their pre-meal excess of Nettles.• The '80s were a period of excess for many American businesses.• The growth of a population results from the excess of births over deaths as well as the movement of people between regions or countries.• At the same time, the excess is not merely eliminated.• This excess of price over both marginal revenue and marginal cost is a convenient measure of the firm's monopoly power.• If you must drink, do so to excess.
excess of• There is an excess of writer-actors in Los Angeles.
ex·cess2 /ˈekses/ ●●○ adjectiveadj [only before noun]  
1  TOO/TOO MUCHadditional and not needed because there is already enough of something 过多的，多余的
 Cut any excess fat from the meat.
将肉中多余的肥肉切掉。
2. excess baggage/luggage TTAbags or cases that weigh more than the legal limit that you can take on a plane 超重行李
Examples from the Corpus
excess baggage/luggage• And psychically speaking, I can't help feeling they carry a little too much excess baggage.• When you had those you could drop, junk and forget the rest, which were only a burden or excess baggage.• With hips at 44.5 inches and thighs at 25 inches, it was no wonder Rudolph had been complaining about excess baggage.
Examples from the Corpus
excess• If the discount exceeds 20 percent, the excess amount of the discount allowed is considered a taxable wage.• The airline charged me $75 for excess baggage.• Studies show that excess doctors tend to generate extra tests, appointments, procedures and referrals.• Cut any excess fat from the meat before cooking.• Cut off the excess fat from the meat before cooking.• In which case it will be able to re-discount the bill to similar institutions who have excess liquidity.• The excess pounds had given him a double chin and a neck that made his shirt collar look too tight.• Excess vitamin D can cause kidney damage in young children.• The excess weight made him look as if he had one normal-sized face superimposed on a much larger one.
From Longman Business Dictionary
excessex·cess1 /ɪkˈses, ˈekses/ noun [countableC, uncountableU]
1a larger amount of something than is allowed or needed
He told the Federal Assembly that the devaluation would compensate for an excess in public spending during the past nine months.
2in excess of more than a particular amount
ships carrying in excess of 20,000 tonnes of cargo
3INSURANCE a condition in an insurance policy that states that the insured person will pay a particular amount towards any damage and the insurance company will pay the rest. This condition makes people less likely to claim for small amounts
The insurance company will pay the insured value less the policy excess.
excessex·cess2 /ˈekses/ adjectiveadj [only before a noun]
1additional and not wanted or needed because there is already enough of something
An excess supply of goods and services on the market will exert downward pressure on prices.
2TRAVEL excess baggage/luggage bags or cases that weigh more than the limit the airline allows you to take on a plane
As I checked in at Baghdad airport, I found that I had 100kg of excess baggage.
an excess baggage charge
Origin excess1
(1300-1400) French excès, from Late Latin excessus, from Latin excedere; → EXCEED
ex·cess1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1ex·cess2 adjectiveadj
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