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break
Word family
ldoce_037_fbreak1 /breɪk/ ●●● S1 W1 verb (past tensepst broke /brəʊk $ broʊk/, past participlepp broken /ˈbrəʊkən $ ˈbroʊ-/) → brake
1 IN PIECESseparate into pieces 破碎
a) [transitiveT]BREAK if you break something, you make it separate into two or more pieces, for example by hitting it, dropping it, or bending it 使破裂，使破碎；使断裂
break something in half/two
2 PART OF YOUR BODYbones 骨头 [transitiveT]BREAK to damage a bone in your body by making it crack or split 使骨折► see thesaurus at hurt
3 NOT WORKINGmachines 机器
a) [transitiveT]BREAK to damage a machine so that it does not work properly 弄坏，损坏〔机器〕
5 PROMISE/AGREEMENTpromise/agreement 诺言/协议 [transitiveT]NOT DO something to not do something that you have promised to do or signed an agreement to do 违反，违背〔诺言或协议〕
6 stop/rest 停下来/休息 [intransitiveI] to stop for a short time in order to have a rest or eat something 稍停，休息
7 END A SITUATIONend STH 结束某事物 [transitiveT]CHANGE/MAKE something DIFFERENT to stop something from continuing 打断，中断
8 FAILdefeat SB 打垮某人 [transitiveT] to make someone feel that they have been completely defeated and they cannot continue working or living 打垮，击垮
9 destroy an organization 摧毁一个组织 [transitiveT] to damage an organization so badly that it no longer has any power 摧毁，瓦解〔组织〕
10 DAY/DAWNday/dawn 白昼/黎明 [intransitiveI]HAPPEN when the day or the dawn breaks, the sky gets light （天）刚亮，破晓
11 STORMstorm 暴风雨 [intransitiveI]START TO HAPPEN, EXIST ETC if a storm breaks, it begins 〔暴风雨〕来临，突然出现
12 WEATHERweather 天气 [intransitiveI]CHANGE/BECOME DIFFERENT if the weather breaks, it suddenly changes and becomes cold or wet 〔天气〕突然变化
13 WAVEwaves 波浪 [intransitiveI]FALL when waves break, they fall onto the land at the edge of the water 〔波浪〕迸溅，拍岸
14 VOICESB’s voice 某人的嗓音 [intransitiveI]LOW SOUND OR VOICE
15 NEWSnews 消息
16 break a habit STOP DOING somethingto stop doing something that you do regularly, especially something that you should not do 改掉某习惯〔尤指坏习惯〕
Examples from the Corpus
break a habit• I'd once helped her break a habit.• These three actions are vastly superior to breaking a habit by will-power alone.• It is important to understand that we are breaking a habit, for we have been conditioned to react in this way.
17 break a record BESTto do something even faster or even better than the previous best time, amount etc 破记录
Examples from the Corpus
break a record• The 18-year-old with size 18 feet just can't stop breaking records.• Instead of watching the scoreboard this week for broken records, the play-by-play announcer is watching the thermometer.• Eventually, human champions will stop breaking records too.• I said, Listen, man, the broken record was pressed by somebody else, not me.
19 break somebody’s heart to make someone very unhappy by ending a relationship with them or doing something that upsets them a lot 使某人伤心[心碎]
Examples from the Corpus
break somebody’s heart• When Annie left him, it broke his heart.• It'll break your father's heart if you tell him you're quitting the team.• It breaks my heart that his career has been ruined.• It would break her heart to leave the lovely old stone house where she'd lived for so long.• It really broke his heart when she told him it was over.
20 break a strike BELSTOP WORKING/GO ON STRIKEto force workers to end a strike 迫使罢工结束
Examples from the Corpus
break a strike• The company has threatened to hire 700 new workers in order to break the 10-month-old strike.
21 break a link/tie/connection STOP DOING somethingto end a relationship with a person or organization 断绝关系
Examples from the Corpus
break a link/tie/connection• Mr Eastwood argues it would break ties with local communities.• Personnel changes confirmed the new liberalism in the Soviet Union and the attempt to break links with past behaviour.
23 break the back of something FINISH DOING somethingto finish the main or worst part of something 完成某事物的主要部分；攻克某事物的难关
Examples from the Corpus
break the back of something• It would have been nice for him to wind things up by breaking the back of Britain's opposition to integration.• Their thunderous charges have broken the back of many an invading army.• In Czechoslovakia last March Martin Keown nearly broke the back of the net with a long-range effort.• His two interceptions Sunday broke the back of the Pittsburgh Steelers as Dallas won the duel in the desert, 27-17.• A combination of ground and air action broke the back of the rebellion.• Pouring over its latest simulation runs, Sun is confident it has broken the back of the technical problem.
24 break the bank to cost a lot of money, or more money than you have 花很多钱；透支
Examples from the Corpus
break the bank• Attractive bathrooms need not break the bank.• I had no choice under the circumstances, and the fees won't exactly break the bank.• Shakespeare market a very good one through tackle dealers at a price that will not break the bank.• Should Johnson return to the Dolphins, he will break the bank.• At under £14,500 it won't break the bank either.• Don't worry about breaking the bank either.• I would like to gather everyone somewhere warm and appealing to all ages and not break the bank in doing so.• Last year, Courtney broke the bank with seven out of eight predictions panning out.
25 break somebody’s concentration INTERRUPTto interrupt someone and stop them from being able to continue thinking or talking about something 分散某人的注意力
Examples from the Corpus
26 break the silence TALK TO somebodyLOUD/NOISYto end a period of silence by talking or making a noise 打破寂静[沉默]
Examples from the Corpus
break the silence• Finally Shelley felt she had to break the silence.• Only the eerie tinkle of leg irons and shouted commands break the silence.• Protestant voices now and then broke the silence.• She would have to think of something to say in a minute to break the silence.• The roar of a furnace engine broke the silence.• The sound of stockinged legs moving across the room finally broke the silence.• A footstep broke the silence and approached to within ten paces of Blackburn and waited.• The only sound to break the silence of the night was the soft mutter of my engine.
27 break somebody’s spirit FORCE somebody TO DO somethingto destroy someone’s feeling of determination 摧毁某人的意志，挫某人的锐气
29 break the ice informal to make people feel more friendly and willing to talk to each other 打破冷场[僵局]
Examples from the Corpus
break the ice• That always seems to happen when you break the ice.• This gambit nevertheless breaks the ice, and they begin by discussing the merits of various brands of scotch.• Humour Humour can be an excellent behaviour for easing tensions and breaking the ice between people.• I tried to break the ice by offering her a drink, but she said no.• In the winter, she rose early to break the ice in the washing bowls.• To break the ice, the dorm leader asked us to tell the group what our favorite home-cooked meal was.• She helps break the ice when I am interviewing.• We broke the ice which held our relations in a paralysing grip.• I have to break the ice with a long pole before I can lower a bucket into water.
30 break a code to succeed in understanding something that is written in a secret way 破译密码
Examples from the Corpus
break a code• It broke a code of silence.• Mathematicians of the finest calibre were essential for what then seemed the almost impossible task of breaking a code with astronomical permutations.
31. break wind HBHto allow gas to escape from your bottom, making a noise and an unpleasant smell 放屁
Examples from the Corpus
32 break (somebody’s) serve DSTto win a game in tennis when your opponent is starting the game by hitting the ball first 〔网球中〕破（某人的）发球（局）得分
Examples from the Corpus
break (somebody’s) serve• There was a point where I broke her serve for 5-5.• He gave Edberg no chance of breaking him, serving four stunning aces and a massive percentage of first services.• No surprise breaks of serve, no marathon games.• But once she had consolidated the break and served out for the set she was unable to summon the same assertiveness.
33. break a leg spoken used to wish someone luck, especially just before they perform on stage 祝你成功，祝你好运〔尤用于在某人上台表演前〕
n Grammar
Break belongs to a group of verbs where the same noun can be the subject of the verb or its object.
You can say:
I broke a glass.
In this sentence, ‘a glass’ is the object of break.You can also say:
A glass broke.
In this sentence, ‘a glass’ is the subject of break.n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 5: to not do something that you have promised to do or signed an agreement to do
break + NOUN
break your promise
I’ll never forgive him for breaking his promise to me.
break your word (=break your promise)
I’ve promised to do it and I never break my word.
break your vow (=break a serious or formal promise)
He accused her of breaking her marriage vows.
break (off) your engagement
In the end she decided to break their engagement.
break a contract
He took the company to court for breaking the contract.
break an agreement
This action broke the international agreement of 1925.
THESAURUS
PHRASAL VERBSto break something 打破某物
break verb [transitiveT] to damage something and make it separate into pieces, for example by dropping it or hitting it 使破裂，打碎
Careful you don’t break the chair.
小心别把椅子弄坏。
He broke his leg.
他的腿摔断了。
smash verb [transitiveT] to break something with a lot of force 〔猛力〕打碎，砸碎
A policeman smashed his camera.
一名警察砸碎了他的照相机。
snap verb [transitiveT] to break something into two pieces, making a loud noise – used especially about long thin objects 啪地折断〔尤用于指细长的物体〕
He snapped the sticks in two.
他啪的一声折断了枝条。
split verb [transitiveT] to separate something into two pieces along a straight line 使分成两半
Using a sharp knife, split the melon in half.
用快刀把瓜切成两半。
fracture verb [transitiveT] to damage a bone, especially so that a line appears on the surface 使断裂，使折断〔尤指骨骼等表面有裂痕〕
I fell over and fractured my wrist.
我摔倒了，手腕骨折。
tear /teə $ ter/ verb [transitiveT] to damage paper or cloth by pulling it so that it separates into pieces 撕破〔纸或布料〕
to become broken 被打碎She tore up the letter and put it in the bin.
她把信撕碎后扔进了垃圾筒。
I tore my jacket.
我把外套给扯破了。
break verb [intransitiveI] to become damaged and separate into pieces 破裂，碎裂
Plastic breaks quite easily.
塑料很容易碎裂。
smash verb [intransitiveI] to break after being hit with a lot of force 〔遭猛击而〕粉碎
The bowl smashed as it hit the floor.
碗打在地上摔碎了。
shatter verb [intransitiveI] to break into a lot of small pieces 粉碎
The glass shattered all over the pavement.
玻璃在人行道上碎得到处都是。
crack verb [intransitiveI] if something cracks, a line appears on the surface, which means that it could later break into separate pieces 裂开；出现裂纹
The ice was starting to crack.
冰开始裂了。
burst verb [intransitiveI] if a tyre, balloon, pipe etc bursts, it gets a hole and air or liquid suddenly comes out of it 〔轮胎、气球、管道等〕破裂，爆裂
She blew up the balloon until it burst.
她吹着气球，直到把它吹爆。
split verb [intransitiveI] to break in a straight line 〔沿直线〕裂开
The damp had caused the wood to split.
因为潮湿，木头开裂了。
crumble verb [intransitiveI] to break into a powder or a lot of small pieces 碎裂，崩裂〔成粉末或碎屑〕
The cork just crumbled in my hand.
软木塞就在我手中碎裂了。
Examples from the Corpus
break• I think I was about 14 when my voice broke.• I think the switch is broken.• My watchband has broken.• She dropped a plate and it broke.• Do not use this product if the seal has been broken.• I saw him thrown into the shattered windshield, bounced around inside the Volvo, his face slashed and his bones broken.• Farmers are anxious for the cold weather to break.• He once broke a window of his grandfather's greenhouse with a football.• Her voice breaks as she talks about her missing children.• Britain stood for political ideals that must prevail if western civilization were not to break down.• Careful, those glasses break easily.• She fell off her bike and broke her glasses.• It was such bad luck - it was our first time skiing and Nicola broke her leg.• It just broke. I didn't even touch it!• His nose was broken in two places by a player he had sent off for violent play.• If you break it you'll have to pay for it out of your allowance.• Leave that clock alone - you'll break it!• One of the kids put some rocks in the blender and broke it.• I was trying to ease the wagon down a short slope when it broke loose and almost broke my leg.• I broke my leg last time I went skiing.• I'll let you break next game.• From time to time he broke off his labours to return to the great court to look out for Tutilo returning.• I broke one of her platters once, and I swear she's never forgiven me.• How did you manage to break the microwave?• I don't know what she did, but she managed to break the sewing machine.• Only once did Norwich break their stranglehold, midway through the first-half, when John Polston moved up to rattle a post.
break something in half/two• The midsection of the plane is broken nearly in two.• He would have broken it in two and made us watch him do it.• She takes out another donut, breaks it in half and offers it to me.• So he went at me, but I ducked and he hit the shelf - he broke his thumb in two places!• Terrified, she threw herself from the first floor apartment window, breaking her spine in two places.• Once some increasing-returns sectors become nontraded, the analysis breaks down in two ways.• He could have broken me in two with one hand, but he could not break my spirit.
break ... rules• He knew he was breaking the rules.• Telling the truth about mothering-when it does not refer to the oneness and bliss-means breaking the rules.• This raises the question of who is responsible if the individual trader breaks the rules.• If only he knew you never break the rules Dudley Do-Right.• Yet even then, as whenever she broke the rules, I had to admit to a tiny bubble of delight.• Very slowly, I realize I can break the rules I hate.• To misuse or break the rules of winking is to produce misunderstanding, puzzlement, complaint, or some other social reaction.• Athletes can be find thousands of dollars for breaking the rules on steroid use.• As I said, you can break the rules sometimes.• Any student caught breaking the school rules was immediately sent to the Principal.
break an agreement/contract• And I am also not some one to break contracts.• Farmers say supermarkets put them under pressure to sell at rock bottom prices-and regularly break contracts.• How can a teacher break a contract?• What are the legal consequences of breaking a contract?• Thus an agreement to break a contract may not be actionable.• He broke agreements on a whim, relying on private bargains and connections.• Companies are not regarded as individuals under the Act and are therefore unable to break contracts once signed.• Of course, a teacher who breaks a contract will also be liable to the school; district.
break for• Things could improve as the effects of a tax break for defense manufacturers become evident.• As they break for food the general conversation isn't much toned down for her benefit.• A couple of them made a break for it.• Ever see some one walk into a computer store, grab a floor model and make a break for it?• I pulled Susan, and made a break for it.• As the inquest broke for lunch one relative cornered him in the street.• In August, they will break for the presidential conventions.• It was make or break for us.
break ... deadlock• But Mr Razali is the first envoy to successfully break the deadlock.• But, last week, news broke that contacts were under way to break the deadlock.• Marco Van Basten grabbed his fourth goal of the season, 12 minutes after Daniele Massaro had broken the deadlock.• Senior officials will meet again in October in an attempt to break the deadlock.• Then, at last, Guido broke the deadlock.• Three minutes before the interval Millen struck to break the deadlock and Love made it two a minute later.• Perhaps here was the key to break the deadlock, the key to the throne of the Wyrmberg.• But birthday boy Wright was waiting to break the deadlock with the goal he had been seeking all night.
break ... news• Davis found that the greater the probable handicap, the greater the reluctance to break the news.• Me: How did you break the news?• None wanted to be the one to break the news.• In a desperate attempt to break the news gently to the Overs, Mr Cronje asked police not to visit their home.• They rang from the duty office to break the news to me just after nine.• It was at some point during this trip that she broke the news to Sam.• I broke the news to some people.• Sir Bryan himself had broken the news to Stephen Bonnard.
break2 ●●● S2 W2 noun
1 stop working 停止工作 [countableC] a period of time when you stop working in order to rest, eat etc 休息
2 stop doing STH 停止做某事 [countableC] a period of time when you stop doing something before you start again 中断，暂停
3 holiday 假期 [countableC] a short holiday 短暂的假期，休假
4 at school 在学校里 [uncountableU] the time during the school day when classes stop and teachers and students can rest, eat, play etc 课间休息
5 on tv 在电视上 [countableC] a pause for advertisements during a television or radio programme 〔电视或广播节目中的〕广告时间
6 STH stops happening 某事停止发生 [countableC] a period of time when something stops happening before it starts again 暂停，中止
7 END/CHANGEend a relationship 结束关系 [singular]FINISH/COME TO AN END a time when you leave a person or group, or end a relationship with someone 结束，断绝
8 A SPACEspace/hole 空间/洞 [countableC]SPACE/GAP a space or hole in something 裂口，缺口，裂缝
9 A CHANCEchance 机会 [countableC] informalCHANCE/OPPORTUNITY a sudden or unexpected chance to do something that allows you to become successful in your job 〔意想不到的〕机会，机遇
10 BROKEN PLACEbones 骨头 [countableC]INJURE the place where a bone in your body has broken 骨折
11 TENNIStennis 网球 [countableC]DST a situation in a game of tennis in which you win a game when your opponent is starting the game by hitting the ball first 破发，破发球局得分
12. POINTSsnooker 斯诺克 [countableC]DSB the number of points that a player wins when it is their turn to hit the ball in a game such as snooker 连击所得的分数
13 break with tradition/the past a time when people stop following old customs and do something in a completely different way 与传统/过去的决裂
Examples from the Corpus
break with tradition/the past• Although people complained about the volume, the rhythmic concept represented his biggest break with the past.• However, the changes were not a complete break with the past.• She has broken with the past.• Yet the plan represents an important break with the past.• Can the break with the past be more vividly described?• Would there be a total break with the past?• Thinking they were breaking with the past, the early Christians re-enacted it.• After a point, you break with the past.
14 make a break for something ESCAPEto suddenly start running towards something in order to escape from a place 〔为了逃跑〕突然冲向某地
Examples from the Corpus
15. give me/it a break! spokenSTOP DOING something used when you want someone to stop doing or saying something that is annoying you 别烦我！
16 give somebody a break spoken to stop being strict with someone so that a situation becomes easier for them 给某人一次机会，不苛求某人
Examples from the Corpus
give somebody a break• Give me a break, you guys! I can't get the money until Friday.• Instead of using your train time to read two more interoffice memos, give yourself a break and read something for fun.• If the assurances were not given or subsequently broken, the firm could be taken to court.• It hadn't been difficult for Bill to accede to his wife's nagging to give the girl a break.• That is, if anyone can be persuaded to give Mr Chekhov a break.• But the council refused to give them a break.• Expanded IRAs for this higher-income group will give costly tax breaks to people who are already saving for retirement.
17. the break of day literaryEARLY the time early in the morning when it starts getting light 黎明，拂晓
Examples from the Corpus
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
have/take a break
After two hours, she took a break and switched on the radio.
need a break
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + break I’m sorry, I can’t do any more - I need a break.
a short/quick break
Shall we have a quick five-minute break?
a lunch break
What time’s your lunch break?
a coffee/tea break
How about a coffee break?
a morning/afternoon break
I don’t usually have time for a morning break.
a well-earned break (=one that you deserve)
Everyone’s looking forward to a well-earned break when the exams are over.
Examples from the Corpus
break• There had been barely a break in their conversation as they hopped the rocks.• I spoke to him briefly during a break in rehearsals.• Gary wants to work in television. He's just waiting for a break.• Some agencies are particularly keen to attract nurses who have had a break in practice and provide reorientation for new staff.• After finishing school, Craig felt he needed a break from studying.• Gonzales needs a break of serve to even the match up.• Can you take a break next month?• There was a break of two years between his last book and this one.• Some new networks can heal themselves when a break occurs, without any involvement from a repairman.• Harry had worked for eight hours without a break.• Could you come and see me during afternoon break?• Come and see me at break, Tom.• Nimoy's big break in television came in the mid-'60s, when he won the role of Spock on "Star Trek."• The students get a few days' break in February.• Seeing that advertisement in the paper was a lucky break for me.• Superior Court Judge Hiroshi Fujisaki abruptly called for an early lunch break.• I'll phone you in my lunch break.• The children have a fifteen-minute break at 11 o'clock.• She returned to her job after a six-month break.• Daytona Beach is preparing for the thousands of college students who will arrive for spring break.• OK, let's run through it again straight after the break.• But when one came it was on the break, Tovalieri getting Bari's third.• The break has not healed correctly.• During those breaks tea was brewed over Bunsen burners, and he sat back and answered questions.• She's had a two-year break from competitive running, but now she's staging a comeback.
lunch break• Then we had a lunch break during which time the Head went round and awarded marks for the cleanest class.• More volunteers would also allow the workers simple pleasures like a lunch break without feeling guilty.• Superior Court Judge Hiroshi Fujisaki abruptly called for an early lunch break.• I timed it so I caught Stu on his lunch break.• After all, the 27-year-old farm worker fully intended to return to work when his 30-minute lunch break was over.• I rang Joy and Alan, who came immediately and stayed, apart from a quick lunch break, all day.• Oh, they had a little fun trapping regents going to the bathroom during the lunch break.• Zaza and Fiona were discussing their plans to visit Top Shop in their lunch break.
career break• I took up a position in a university library after a career break.• It has been written to meet the needs of those returning to work after a career break.• It is vital that the education system should attract back women who have taken a career break to raise a family.• But despite all the bonhomie about career breaks in the Nogales maquilas, Colantuoni says one thing is clear.• We already encourage job-shares, part-time working and career breaks and we are introducing home working.• His next big career break came about almost by accident.• Employers who do not offer career breaks and childcare facilities may find themselves passed over in favour of employers who do.
the Easter/Christmas etc break• Of course, no day is typical and there are particular tensions which emerge in the few weeks before the Christmas break.• Before the Christmas break it became apocalyptic.• Adam was nineteen and in his first year at university, though at that time at home for the Easter break.• Thomas Cook is to launch a £1m campaign to encourage late bookers to travel over the Easter break.• For Armagh it's crucial they build on a series of heart-warming displays since the Christmas break.• To emphasise the message, ministers have been told to spend the Easter break in Britain rather than holidaying overseas.• Everything was A-Okay until the Christmas break.• A Forte spokesperson says the launch of the Heritage campaign is timed to coincide with the Easter break.
break time• What should happen to helpers at break times?• Important parts of the job could be carried out at break times or through telephone calls.• The selling of sugar free squash at break times provides a service appreciated by children and also generates a regular income.• Oh, looks like it's coffee break time - again.• Royal watchers say the 47-year-old prince recognizes it is make or break time for him personally.• And the break time in between has been cut from 1 minute, 30 seconds to 50 seconds.• Should they have their break times in the staff rooms or is this an intrusion into staff freedom?
break in the weather• Taking advantage of a brief break in the weather, people covered the fountain.• The break in the weather made it easier for everyone.
break with• The ceremony is a complete break with tradition.• This ruling represents a major break with the policies of the past 35 years.
lucky break• It might be a lucky break.• Outside Nordhausen he had a lucky break.• Key events included radical job changes and serious problems, as well as lucky breaks.• Ace thought that was another suspiciously lucky break, but she had no complaints.• He wouldn't be getting much sleep over the next few days unless they got a very lucky break.
break of serve• No surprise breaks of serve, no marathon games.
From Longman Business Dictionary
breakbreak1 /breɪk/ verb (past tensepst broke /brəʊkbroʊk/, past participlepp broken /ˈbrəʊkənˈbroʊ-/)
1[transitiveT] if someone breaks a law, rule, agreement etc, they do not do what it says they should do
If you copy music files from the Internet, you could easily be breaking the law.
The other company broke the terms of its agreement.
2if employers break a STRIKE, they force the strikers to end it, perhaps with the help of the army or the police
He broke the ambulancemen’s strike by getting the army to answer emergency calls.
3break even to neither make a profit nor lose money
The company needs to charge $13 a ton to break even.
The retailer warns that it expects sales to be down by 15%, and it may only break even.
breakbreak2 noun [countableC]
1a period of time when you stop working or stop what you are doing in order to rest, eat, take a holiday etc
He was entitled to a forty-five minute lunch break.
Employers must provide people who work at computers with rest breaks.
2 (also commercial break) a pause for advertisements during a television or radio programme
We’ll be back with more music after the break.
3FINANCE a sudden, large fall in market prices, especially the price of shares on a stockmarket
The big break in cattle prices has forced ranchers to stop selling young cattle.
4a sudden or unexpected chance to do something, especially to be successful in your job
She got her first break in 1951 on Broadway.
He did small commercials for Yellow Pages before getting his big break with the Porsche advert.
5a period of several weeks or years during which something stops, before continuing again
→ career breakbreak in
If you have a break in paid employment for two complete consecutive tax years, you must pay full-rate contributions when you return to work.
Old English brecan
break1 verb
→n GRAMMAR1 →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1 →PHRASAL VERBS1break2 noun
→n COLLOCATIONS1
→10-19
→20-33
→n GRAMMAR1 →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1 →PHRASAL VERBS1break2 noun
→10-17
→n COLLOCATIONS1
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