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IELTS BNC: 2010 COCA: 2291
independence noun
⇨ independence (a country gains independence) ⇨ freedom (financial independence) independence

noun

independence ♦︎ autonomy ♦︎ sovereignty ♦︎ self-determination ♦︎ self-governmentThese are all words for the freedom a country or region has to govern itself without political control from other countries. 这些词均表示国家或地区的独立自主、自治、自决。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆independence / autonomy / sovereignty / self-determination / self-government for sb◆complete / full independence / autonomy / sovereignty◆national independence / autonomy / sovereignty / self-determination◆local / regional autonomy / self-determination / self-government◆political independence / autonomy / sovereignty / self-determination◆to achieve independence / autonomy / sovereignty / self-determination / self-government◆to have / enjoy / give sb / grant sb / recognize sth's independence / autonomy / sovereignty◆the principle / right of autonomy / sovereignty / self-determination / self-government■ independence [uncountable] a country's freedom from political control by other countries, especially after a period of outside control; the time when a country becomes politically independent （尤指脱离他国统治后的）独立；独立日◆Cuba gained independence from Spain in 1898.古巴于1898年脱离西班牙获得独立。◆There has been international recognition for the island's declaration of independence.该岛宣布独立，已获国际承认。◆Namibia became a full member of the UN at independence (= when it became independent).纳米比亚独立后成为联合国的正式成员。◆Malaysia celebrates its independence day on 31st August.马来西亚的独立纪念日是8月31日。  see also independence ⇨ freedom ▸ independent

adjective

◆Mozambique became independent in 1975.莫桑比克于1975年获得独立。■ autonomy ɔːˈtɒnəmi; NAmE ɔːˈtɑːnəmi [uncountable] (rather formal, written) freedom for a country or region to govern itself independently 自治；自治权◆There has been a campaign for greater autonomy for the region.发生了一场为该地区争取更大自治权的运动。  see also autonomy ⇨ freedom ▸ autonomous ɔːˈtɒnəməs; NAmE ɔːˈtɑːnəməs

adjective

◆an autonomous republic / state / province自治共和国／州／省NOTE 辨析 Independence or autonomy?In this meaning independence usually means the complete freedom for a whole country from outside political control, and a country either has independence or it has not. Autonomy is usually a degree of freedom that is less than complete independence. 表达此义时，independence通常指整个国家完全脱离外部政治控制的完全独立；independence只有有无之分，没有程度之别。autonomy通常指某种程度的自治，但不是完全的独立。■ sovereignty ˈsɒvrənti; NAmE ˈsɑːvrənti [uncountable] (written) the state of being a country with freedom to govern itself （国家的）独立自主◆The declaration proclaimed the full sovereignty of the republic.这份宣言宣告该共和国完全独立自主。◆She has strong views on preserving national sovereignty.她在保持国家的独立自主上持强硬观点。▸ sovereign

adjective

◆a sovereign state主权国家■ ˌself-deˌtermiˈnation [uncountable] (rather formal, written) the right of a country and its people to govern themselves and choose their own political system （国家及其人民的）自决权◆All nations have the right to self-determination.所有国家都享有自决权。■ ˌself-ˈgovernment [uncountable] the government or control of a country or organization by its own people or members, not by others （国家或机构的）自治◆There have been demands for a wider measure of regional self-government.要求享有更广泛的地方自治。

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