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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 6849 COCA: 7712

foul

Word family 
Related topics: Odours, Tastes, Nature
foul1 /faʊl/ ●●○ adjectiveadj   → fowl
1  smell/taste 气味/味道COCT a foul smell or taste is very unpleasant 难闻的，恶臭的；难吃的 SYN disgusting
 He woke up with a foul taste in his mouth.
他醒过来，嘴里一股臭味。
 a pile of foul-smelling garbage
一堆臭烘烘的垃圾
 He put down his mug of foul-tasting coffee.
他放下手中一大杯难喝的咖啡。
► see thesaurus at horrible
2  in a foul mood/temper British EnglishBrEBAD-TEMPERED in a very bad temper and likely to get angry 情绪不好/脾气暴躁
 The argument with his mother left Putt in a foul mood.
与母亲争吵后，帕特的情绪糟透了。
3  air/water 空气/水DIRTY very dirty 肮脏的，污浊的
 Refugees in the camps are short of food and at risk from foul water.
营中难民缺少食物，还面临水源污染的危险。
 extractor fans to remove foul air from the tunnel
排出隧道污浊空气的排气扇
4  foul language SWEARrude and offensive words 粗话，骂人话，脏话
 She claimed she had been subjected to abuse and foul language.
她声称一直受到虐待和辱骂。
Examples from the Corpus
foul language• The Police are seemingly unable to do anything about it, especially against the use of the foulest language accompanying such vice.• Never use foul language to a customer.
5  weather 天气 especially British EnglishBrEDN foul weather is stormy and windy, with a lot of rain or snow 〔天气〕恶劣的
 Always carry foul weather gear when you go out walking.
出去散步一定要携带雨具。
—foully adverbadv
—foulness noun [uncountableU]
→ by fair means or foul at fair1(11), → fall foul of somebody/something at fall1(15)
Examples from the Corpus
foul• the foul air of the factory• Sanchez hit three foul balls before connecting with a line drive to right field.• foul deeds• The foul haze of pollution has meant an increase in asthma cases.• A foul haze of pollution hung over the city.• Residents have complained of foul odors from the factory.• Supposing aunt sees us, said G.P. Barber's got the foulest reputation in Cornwall.• There was a foul smell coming up from the river.• a pile of foul-smelling garbage
Related topics: Baseball
foul2 verb  
1 
a) [transitiveT] if a sports player fouls another player, they do something that is not allowed by the rules 〔运动员〕对…犯规
b) DSB[intransitiveI, transitiveT] to hit a ball outside the limit of the playing area in baseball 〔棒球中〕击出界外球
2  (also foul up) [transitiveT] formalDIRTY to make something very dirty, especially with waste 弄脏，玷污；污染
 rivers and lakes fouled almost beyond recovery by pollutants
被污染物糟蹋得几乎无法恢复的河流与湖泊
3 foul up phrasal verbphr v informal 
a) to do something wrong or spoil something by making mistakes 〔因犯错而〕搞乱，破坏 → foul-up
 We can’t afford to foul up this time.
这一次我们再也不能搞砸了。
foul something ↔ up
 Glen completely fouled up the seating arrangements.
格伦把座位安排完全搞乱了。
b) foul something ↔ up to make something very dirty, especially with waste 〔尤用废弃物〕把某物弄得很脏
 He lit a cigarette and started to foul up the air with stinging yellow smoke.
他点了根烟，刺鼻的黄色烟雾开始让空气变得很污浊。
Examples from the Corpus
foul• The oil spill has fouled at least four beaches.• On average, most batters foul at least one ball in each at bat.• He turned and hit a 3-point shot while being fouled by Bailey.• She was singing aloud as she skipped when suddenly and unexpectedly her rope was fouled by something and nearly tripped her up.• Most deaths are caused not by catastrophic accidents but by fouling from oil that is illegally but routinely discharged from ships.• In Game 2, Williams played 26 minutes, fouled out and Robinson had 40 points.• But Brent fouled out with 6: 11 left, depriving the Clippers a penetrator on their potential game-winning possession.• Check that nothing can foul the moving parts.• They fouled their corners and filled the hot room with their smells, and they frightened him with their incessant snarling.• Hardaway was fouled trying to make a three-point shot.• It fouled up the airline for five days until President Clinton stepped in.• Late on there was an incident in on the edge of the Ipswich penalty area, can't remember who fouled who.
Related topics: Sport
foul3 noun [countableC]  
1  DSan action in a sport that is against the rules 〔体育比赛中的〕犯规（动作），违例（行动）
 Wright was booked for a foul on the goalkeeper.
赖特对守门员犯规，被记名警告。
2. a hit in baseball which goes outside the limits of the playing area 〔棒球中的〕界外球
Examples from the Corpus
foul• He'd committed three fouls by half-time.
Origin foul1
Old English ful
foul1 adjectiveadjfoul2 verbfoul3 noun
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 6849 COCA: 7712
foul

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + FOUL | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤blatant, clear, deliberate, flagrant, nasty (especially BrE) 明目張膽的／明顯／故意／公然／惡意犯規➤hard, offensive, personal, technical (all in basketball皆用於籃球) 嚴重／進攻／侵人／技術犯規VERB + FOUL➤commit犯規◇He committed a second foul.他第二次犯規。➤draw (in basketball籃球) 造成對方犯規▸➤call (in basketball籃球) 吹哨宣判犯規◇The referee did not call a foul on the player.裁判沒有吹哨判那名球員犯規。PREPOSITION➤foul on對⋯的犯規◇He was sent off for a clear foul on Leonard. (BrE) 他因對萊昂納德的一次明顯犯規而被罰下場。◇He drew a fourth foul on Camby. (NAmE) 他第四次對康比犯規。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 6849 COCA: 7712
foul adj.
⇨ disgusting 1 (a foul taste/smell) ⇨ offensive (foul language)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 6849 COCA: 7712
foul
Extremely unpleasant: horrible, dreadful, disgusting...
Describing actions and positions in sports: backhanded, defensive, foul...
Words used to describe someone who is easily annoyed or difficult to please: bad-tempered, irritable, moody...
Words used to describe unpleasant weather: severe, harsh, threatening...
Bad or of a low quality: sad, poor, terribly...
Morally bad or wrong: evil, wicked, gross...
To perform an action in a game or sport: blank, block, bully off...
To perform an action in baseball: balk, bat, catch...
To make things dirty: dirty, pollute, smear...
Engines and describing engines: drive, engine, flooded...
Actions in playing games or sports: backhand, backhander, ball...

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