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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5086 COCA: 5273

exile

Word family 
ex·ile1 /ˈeksaɪl, ˈeɡzaɪl/ ●○○ noun  
1  [singular, uncountableU]LEAVE YOUR HOME/COUNTRY a situation in which you are forced to leave your country and live in another country, especially for political reasons 〔尤指出于政治原因的〕流亡国外
in exile
 a writer now living in exile
现正过着流亡生活的作家
 He went into exile to escape political imprisonment.
他为了逃避政治监禁而流亡国外。
force/drive somebody into exile
 The house was raided and the family was forced into exile.
房子被抄，全家人被迫流亡。
 He spent many years in enforced exile.
他被强制流放了许多年。
voluntary/self-imposed exile
 She had been in voluntary exile since 1990.
她从1990年起一直自愿流亡。
2  [countableC]LEAVE YOUR HOME/COUNTRY someone who has been forced to live in exile 被流放者；流亡国外者
 political exiles
政治流亡者
→ tax exile
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
go into exile
Napoleon's wife and sons also went into exile.
live in exile
The Guatemalan writer has lived in exile in Mexico for over 40 years.
be sent into exile
The old leaders were removed from power and sent into exile.
be forced/driven into exile
Many of his political opponents have been forced into exile.
flee/escape into exile
Hundreds of people fled into exile or were jailed.
die in exile
He never returned to his own country, but died in exile.
return from exile
Martinez returned from exile to the islands in May 1990 and was later elected president.
adjectives
long exile
The first of many refugees have finally returned home from a long exile in Senegal.
permanent exile
The King threatened her with permanent exile.
self-imposed/voluntary exile (=when someone goes into exile willingly, without being forced)
He spoke to the media from his self-imposed exile in the United States.
enforced exile (=when someone is forced to go into exile)
After 12 years of enforced exile abroad, Almeyda returned home to Salvador.
internal exile (=when someone is forced to move somewhere within a country)
The governor has the power to send people into internal exile in other regions.
Examples from the Corpus
exile• The Smiths seduce us into aspiring to the same heroic pitch of failure and exile.• The loss to the liberation movement through gagging, imprisonment, intimidation and exile was enormous.• He wrote Hollywood Haven in response to requests for information about where the migr s and exiles lived, worked and gathered.• He was born in exile in the ex-Soviet republic of Kazahkhstan.• Euripides ended his life in exile from Athens.• Did the Lord ordain her maternal exile, or had Augustine bartered her pain for his purity?• These combine to turn a town of exiles into a place that nevertheless lifts one's spirit.• Five years of exile among strangers would soon be over.
in exile• Some of her best works were written while she was in exile.
exile2 verb [transitiveT]  
LEAVE YOUR HOME/COUNTRYto force someone to leave their country, especially for political reasons 〔尤指出于政治原因而〕放逐，流放〔某人〕
be exiled to something
 Several of the leaders were arrested and exiled to France.
好几位领导人被逮捕并流放至法国。
be exiled from something
 a dictator who was exiled from his home country
被流放异乡的独裁者
 the exiled former president
流亡国外的前总统
n Grammar
Exile is usually passive.
Examples from the Corpus
exile• Gen Pinochet has returned to a country that has elected Ricardo Lagos as president, a man he imprisoned and exiled.• But the young performers who play the exiled brothers are two of the best reasons to see this play.• Two months had passed since Emma had exiled Cassius with only the clothes on his back.• It is about motherhood and independence and it is about having women and children in society, not exiled from it.• Thousands more were exiled in labour camps on distant islands with no hope of release.• My marriage has exiled me in all the ways I predicted and more.• Quinn watched them all, anchored to his spot, as if his whole being had been exiled to his eyes.• The disloyal Duke, who had frequently been rebellious, was exiled to the Neustrian monastery of Jumieges.
Origin exile1
(1300-1400) French exil, from Latin exilium, from exul “person sent away”
ex·ile1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1exile2 verb →n GRAMMAR1
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