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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2223 COCA: 2549

approval

Word family 
ap·prov·al /əˈpruːvəl/ ●●○ W3 noun  
1  [countableC, uncountableU]AGREE when a plan, decision, or person is officially accepted 批准；认可
 The president has already given his approval to the plan.
总统已经批准了这个计划。
 It is just three months since we received official approval to go ahead with the project.
三个月前我们刚刚得到正式批准进行这个项目。
 A company cannot be sold without the approval of the shareholders.
没有股东的同意不能出售公司。
 The bill will be submitted for approval by Congress.
这项法案将提交国会通过。
 The president would appoint the Council of Ministers, subject to the approval of the National Assembly.
总统将任命内阁成员，但需经国民议会批准。
 The IMF has given its seal of approval to the government’s economic strategy.
国际货币基金组织已经同意该政府的经济策略。
 appointments requiring parliamentary approval
需经议会批准的任命
2  [uncountableU]APPROVE formal when someone likes something or someone and thinks that they are good 赞许；赞成，同意 OPP disapproval
 A murmur of approval passed through the crowd.
人群纷纷低声称是。
nod/smile/clap etc in approval
 They clapped their hands in approval.
他们拍手叫好。
 His ideas have won widespread public approval (=many people agree with them and think they are good).
他的想法获得了公众广泛的赞同。
 Does the design meet with your approval (=do you like it?)?
这个设计你喜欢吗？
 Children are always seeking approval from their parents.
小孩子总是期待父母的赞许。
 She looked to Greg for approval.
她指望格雷格同意。
3. on approval BBTif you buy something on approval, you have the right to return it to the shop if you decide you do not want it 〔商品〕不满意包退的
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: when a plan, decision, or person is officially accepted
verbs
give/grant approval
Congress gave final approval on October 8.
get/receive/obtain/win approval
For over twenty years it was impossible for NASA to get approval for this mission.
require/need approval
A multimillion pound project will require approval by the full board of directors.
seek approval
You will need to make an appointment with the bank to seek approval for the loan.
submit something for approval (=give a plan, piece of writing etc to someone in authority for them to consider or approve)
The final design will be submitted for approval next month.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + approval
formal/official approval
Finance ministers gave their formal approval in July.
parliamentary approval
The law is still awaiting parliamentary approval.
Congressional approval
His appointment was subject to Congressional approval.
government/Senate approval
It takes an average of twelve years for a successful drug to go from initial research to final government approval.
planning approval (=official approval needed before building something)
The construction work will be subject to planning approval.
final approval
The document’s final approval had to come from the pope.
parental approval
Students must first obtain parental approval.
phrases
be subject to approval (=be dependent upon someone’s approval before happening)
The merger is subject to approval by shareholders.
a seal/stamp of approval (=official approval)
You must not make decisions without your manager’s seal of approval.
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: when someone likes something or someone and thinks that they are good
meet with somebody’s approval
This type of dancing does not meet with their approval.
win approval
His condemnation of the war won widespread approval.
seek somebody’s approval
He constantly sought his father’s approval.
look to somebody for approval
They all admired Gordon and looked to him for approval.
adjectives
public approval (=from ordinary people)
The policies met with a great deal of public approval.
universal approval (=from everyone)
His appointment has been met with almost universal approval.
general approval (=from most people)
McGill’s views did not meet with general approval.
phrases
a nod/smile/glance/look of approval
‘You’ve thought of everything, ’ she said with a smile of approval.
a roar/murmur/chorus of approval
There were murmurs of approval from the crowd.
words of approval
a mother’s words of approval
Examples from the Corpus
approval• Approval of the plans for the new science lab is expected by next month.• The high-resolution mass spectrometer is awaiting approval.• The county promised to speed up building approvals for people who lost their homes in the earthquake.• Edouard could see the pleading expression come into his eyes, and the desperation for approval.• The FDA granted approvals for 105 new drugs last year.• Cap Cities executives said they were hopeful approval would come in a couple of weeks.• Obedience did not imply approval, however.• We need parental approval before allowing students to go on field trips.• By doing well at school he hoped to win his parents' approval.• But the House speaker apparently failed to forward any nomination for the automatic but constitutionally required approval of King Bhumibol Adulyadej.• Ben needs to have his wife's approval before he'll do anything.• The hotels also need the approval of the state Coastal Commission.• He said that all Premier Division clubs had indicated their approval.• The children played quietly in the backyard as Frances looked on with approval.• The crowd of young Democratic supporters roared with approval.
parliamentary approval• It failed to win government and parliamentary approval.• The administration lag should not be as long for monetary policy since formal Parliamentary approval is not required.• A proposal by the opposition Labour Party for a more extensive package failed to gain parliamentary approval.• At present there is a moratorium on the construction of nuclear plants, and the plans would need parliamentary approval.• Development plans by government agencies which were opposed by the Park would require parliamentary approval.• The first ordinations should take place in eighteen months subject to Parliamentary approval.• The draft orders are again the subject of consultation, following which parliamentary approval turns them into legal binding requirements.• The head of state would have no powers to dissolve parliament or to appoint state officials without parliamentary approval.
seeking approval• It started with skin, which it sells for burn victims and for which it is seeking approval for diabetic ulcer sufferers.• The team is now seeking approval to carry out clinical trials at the Churchill Hospital in Oxford.
From Longman Business Dictionary
approvalap·prov·al /əˈpruːvəl/ noun [uncountableU]
1when someone officially accepts something
His proposals cannot become law until they have obtained Congressional approval.
Approval for the new buildings was given in July.
2on approval if you buy a product on approval, it is sent to you and you are allowed to look at it or use it before deciding whether you will buy it
→ see also seal of approval
ap·prov·al noun →n COLLOCATIONS1 →n COLLOCATIONS2
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