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judge

Word family 
Related topics: Occupations, Law
judge1 /dʒʌdʒ/ ●●● S2 W2 noun [countableC]  
1  SCTBOthe official in control of a court, who decides how criminals should be punished 法官；审判官
 The trial judge specifies the number of years to be spent in prison.
由主审法官确定刑期。
federal judge/high court judge etc (=a judge in a particular court) 联邦法院/高等法院等法官
2  JUDGEsomeone who decides on the result of a competition 〔比赛的〕裁判员，评判员
 The panel of judges included several well-known writers.
评审团包括几位著名作家。
→4  See picture of 见图 UMPIRE →5 see picture at 见图 umpire1
3  a good/bad judge of something JUDGEsomeone whose opinion on something is usually right or wrong 对某事物判断力很好/很差的人
 Sandra’s a very good judge of character.
桑德拉很善于判断人的性格。
Examples from the Corpus
a good/bad judge of something• He's also a good judge of a quick run.• I didn't protest as it was his fence officially, and he was supposed to be a good judge of torque.• Sarah's not a very good judge of character.• And for all his imagination, he was not a good judge of character on limited acquaintance.• But Anya's a better judge of character than she used to be, back in the old homeland.• It was not that he was too sure of himself simply that he was a good judge of the possible.• He was a good judge of character, hated hypocrisy, and had no time for conceit.• Munnings, he told reporters, was a better judge of horses than paintings.
4  be the judge (of something) to be the person whose opinion on something matters or is accepted (对某事)作评判
 No one else can say what its value to you is – only you can be the judge of that.
其他人谁也无法说明它对于你的意义，唯有你自己才能作出评判。
Examples from the Corpus
be the judge (of something)• Only you can be the judge of that.• I would lean toward the manslaughter charge, however, rather than murder, if I were the judge.• But the bigger impact on the Clinton legacy may be the judges that Mr Clinton himself was unable to appoint.• Well, if it's all the same to you, we would rather be the judges of that.• You have to be the judge of your own cooking.• And who were to be the judges of error?
5. let me be the judge of that spokenADVISE used to tell someone angrily that you do not need their advice 我自己会判断〔用于生气地向某人表示你不需要其劝告〕
6. be judge and jury  (also act as judge and jury) to make or have the power to make an important decision affecting someone by yourself – used showing disapproval 有权决定〔影响他人的事〕，说了算〔用作贬义〕
7. as sober as a judge someone who is as sober as a judge is not drunk at all 一点没醉
Examples from the Corpus
judge• Judge Butler gave the defendant a six-month jail sentence.• Judge Pamela Gifford• But in an entire career, I never knew a judge who I believed was bribed by raw money.• a judge's controversial decision• The court cases discussed indicate how judges have been resolving conflicts on these issues.• The other judges, both charisma-free, were handpicked to make him shine.• Everyone stood up as the judge entered the courtroom.• All that will be considered by the judge and the Lord Chief Justice in making their recommendations.• Secondly, that any delay which did occur was reasonable and, as indeed the judge himself found, justifiable.• When it was over, the judges signed a certificate saying that they believed Harrison had indeed told them everything he knew.• The judge advised the governor that the law violated the First Amendment rights of teachers.• There are normally three judges for the national essay competition.• A New York judge awarded custody of the boy to Leo in 1994 and allowed Heard to see him every other weekend.
Related topics: Law
judge2 ●●● S3 W3 verb (judged, judging)  
1  opinion 观点 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]JUDGE to form or give an opinion about someone or something after thinking carefully about all the information you know about them 〔认真考虑后〕认为；判断；断定；评价
 You should never judge a person by their looks.
决不要以貌取人。
 Judge us on the improvements we make in the economy.
请根据我们在经济方面取得的进步来评价我们。
 The therapist judged that Margaret had made a serious attempt to kill herself.
治疗专家断定玛格丽特曾真的企图自杀。
 pollutants that were judged hazardous to human health
被认为对人体健康有害的污染物
 I am in no position to judge whether what she is doing is right or wrong.
我无权评判她在做的事是对是错。
 The economic results of the reforms are very difficult to judge.
这些改革所带来的经济成效很难评价。
 The likelihood of future bombs was impossible to judge.
未来发生爆炸案的可能性无法预测。
 We judge the success of a product by the number of sales it brings in.
我们以销量来评价一种产品成功与否。
 His conduct, judged objectively by what he has done, is dishonest.
他的行为，从他所做的这一切客观地来评价，是不诚实的。
 Robert wanted to go and help him, but judged it best to stay where he was.
罗伯特想过去帮他，但考虑之后还是觉得待在原地为妙。
 Do not judge her too harshly, as she was very young at the time.
对她的评价不要太苛刻，毕竟那时候她还很年轻。
2  judging by/from something GUESSused to say that you are making a guess based on what you have just seen, heard, or learned 依据某事〔所见、所闻或所学〕来判断
 Judging by his jovial manner, he must have enjoyed his meal.
从他愉快的样子来看，他这顿饭肯定吃得很开心。
 Judging from what you say in your letter, you don’t sound well.
根据你来信中所写的情况来看，你好像不大好。
Examples from the Corpus
judging by/from something• I'd say she's pretty rich, judging from her clothes.
3  competition 比赛 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]JUDGE to decide on the result of a competition 裁判，评判
 I had the difficult task of judging the competition.
我身负担任这次比赛裁判的艰巨任务。
judge somebody on something
 Competitors will be judged on speed and accuracy.
将根据速度和准确性来对参赛者进行评判。
4  criticize 批评 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]CRITICIZE to form an opinion about someone, especially in an unfair or criticizing way 〔尤指以不公正或批评的方式〕(对…)作出评价
 He just accepts people for what they are and he doesn’t judge them.
别人是怎样就怎样，他不作评论。
5. law 法律 [transitiveT]SCT to decide whether someone is guilty of a crime in court 〔在法庭上〕审判，审理
6  it’s not for somebody to judge OPINIONused to say that you do not think someone has the right to give their opinion about something 轮不到某人来评判〔用于表示某人没有权利对某事发表意见〕
7. as far as I can judge JUDGEused to say that you think what you are saying is true, but you are not sure 据我判断〔用于表示相信自己说得没错，但没有十足把握〕
8. don’t judge a book by its cover APPEARANCEused to say that you should not form an opinion based only on the way something looks 勿只凭外表判断；勿以貌取人
n COLLOCATIONS
phrases
be difficult/hard to judge
The economic results of the reforms are difficult to judge.
be impossible to judge
How much this affected their children was impossible to judge.
judge something objectively (=by looking at the facts)
His behaviour, judged objectively by what he has done, is dishonest.
judge somebody harshly (=in a severe or unkind way)
Do not judge her too harshly; she was very young at the time.
judge something correctly
It takes a lot of experience to judge correctly what is needed.
judge something a success/failure (=consider it to be a success/failure)
The concert was judged a success.
judge something on its merits (=according to what you see when you look at it, rather than what people tell you)
The arguments should be judged on their merits.
judge something on the basis of something (=by considering something)
It is difficult to judge progress on the basis of a single day.
judge it best/better to do something (=think that something is the best thing to do)
Robert wanted to go and help him, but judged it best to stay where he was.
judge it safe to do something (=consider that it is safe to do something)
He listened for some time before judging it safe to go downstairs.
n THESAURUS
judge to form an opinion about someone or something, using your knowledge, experience, and intelligence
He will judge whether the project has been a success.
It’s difficult to judge how long the work will take.
assess to judge how good, bad, successful etc someone or something is, especially by using a fixed set of standards. Assess is often used about measuring students’ abilities and performance
Are tests and exams the best way to assess students’ progress?
The insurance company will send someone to assess the damage.
evaluate to judge how good, bad, successful etc someone or something is, especially by carefully examining all the information about them. Evaluate is often used about the work of people doing research
The data from the study is still being evaluated.
The test is used to evaluate the effects of pesticides on domestic bees.
gauge (also gage American EnglishAmE) formal to judge people’s opinions or feelings about something, or to measure the effect, importance etc of something. Gauge is often used when talking about getting a general idea of what something is like
A meeting was arranged in order to gauge the opinions of pupils, parents and teachers.
It' s too early to gauge the impact of the oil price rises on people’s spending.
Without further information it is impossible to gauge the full extent of the problem.
appraise formal to judge how successful, effective etc someone or something is, especially by comparing their good and bad points
Twice a year, managers appraise the performance of employees.
This research aims to appraise the effectiveness of different kinds of public sector financial assistance.
On what basis will a teacher be appraised?
Examples from the Corpus
judge• She should do what seems right to her. It isn't for me to judge.• He seems like a nice guy, but it's too early to judge.• I have a hard time judging ages, but the baby looked about six months old.• A photograph of a stormy beach was judged "best in show" by the panel.• The annual flower show was judged by a TV celebrity and a professional horticulturist.• The changes should be judged by their results.• Judging from Monday night's game, the team still has a lot of work to do.• Seems extraordinary, but judging from the hardback sales, his fan club is as big as ever.• He did Human Figure Drawings, which were judged impoverished.• Pupils were judged in two categories: age 6 to 8, and age 9 to 12.• Dwight judged it dangerous to navigate in darkness in these waters.• What right does she have to judge me?• Don't judge other people unless you want to be judged yourself.• If we totally loved ourselves, we would not feel the need to judge others.• Bridget, you shouldn't judge people like that.• Some students may judge that the benefits they receive from further education are less than the costs of that education.• Kaldor judged that the moment was exactly right to call an election.• Dillon and two other writers judged the poetry contest.• Who's judging the talent contest?• The instrument maker knows how to choose his materials, and can judge their qualities and defects.• Women judged to be at high risk for breast cancer should be examined every year.• Skating is rife with bias, carrying the inherent subjectivity of judging to extremes.• Of that number, approximately 20 percent were eventually judged unfavorable by the Applicant Review Panel.• How do you judge when a house needs a new roof?• 2,000 foreign and local monitors were watching to judge whether the elections were free and fair.• It's difficult to judge whether this is the right time to tell him.
judge ... harshly• Always sympathetic to the underdog, Will felt compassion for vice presidents and urged us not to judge them too harshly.• But they did not judge her lover harshly.• Don't judge yourself too harshly.• Somehow she must convince Jake that it would be wrong to judge her harshly.• During the last couple of months that he holds that office, he will be judged harshly on what he does.
judge somebody on something• The gymnasts are judged on skill and strength.
From Longman Business Dictionary
judgejudge1 /dʒʌdʒ/ noun [countableC]LAW
the official in control of a court who decides how criminals should be punished, or makes decisions about disagreements that the court has been asked to solve
The case is scheduled for trial today before Judge Robert Parker.
a County Court judge
→ bankruptcy judge → circuit judge → district judge → federal judge
judgejudge2 verb [transitiveT]
to form or give an opinion about how good or bad something is
judge something on something
The company will be judged on its quarterly reports.
judge something against something
Analysts’ recommendations are judged against a performance index for the industry they follow.
Origin judge1
(1100-1200) Old French juge, from Latin judex
 judge2
(1200-1300) Old French jugier, from Latin judicare, from judex; → JUDGE1
judge1 nounjudge2 verb →n COLLOCATIONS1 →n THESAURUS1
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