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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1709 COCA: 1611

instrument

Word family 
Related topics: Tools, Medicine, Music, Measurement
in·stru·ment /ˈɪnstrəmənt/ ●●● W2 noun [countableC]  
1  instrument_surgical.jpg tool 工具TZM a small tool used in work such as science or medicine 〔科学、医学等工作用的小巧的〕器械，器具
 surgical instruments
外科(手术)器械
2  music 音乐APM an object used for producing music, such as a piano or violin 乐器 SYN musical instrument, → instrumental, instrumentalist
 electronic instruments
电子乐器
brass/wind/percussion/stringed etc instrument 铜管乐器/管乐器/打击乐器/弦乐器等
3  for measuring 用于测量TM a piece of equipment for measuring and showing distance, speed, temperature etc 仪器，仪表
 a failure of the flight instruments
飞行仪表的失灵
 sensitive earthquake-detecting instruments
灵敏的地震探测仪
4  method 方法 [usually singular]WAY/METHOD something or someone that is used to get a particular result 促成某事的物[人]；手段，方法
instrument of
 Interest rates are an important instrument of economic policy.
利率是经济政策的重要调控手段。
instrument for (doing) something
 Good management should be an instrument for innovation.
良好的管理应当是创新所必需的手段。
5  HURT/CAUSE PAINfor hurting 用于伤害 something that is used to hit or hurt someone 〔击打或伤害他人的〕工具
 Death was due to a blow on the head with a blunt instrument.
死亡是由于钝器击中头部所致。
instrument of torture (=an object used to make people suffer pain until they give information) 〔逼供用的〕刑具
6. instrument of fate/God literaryPOWER someone or something that is used by a power beyond our control 受命运/上帝摆布的人[物]
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: an object used for producing music, such as a piano or violin
verbs
play an instrument
Can you play a musical instrument?
learn to play an instrument (also learn an instrument)
All students at the school have the opportunity to learn an instrument.
tune an instrument (=make it play at the right pitch)
The musicians were tuning their instruments before the concert began.
hire an instrument
You could hire an instrument from a music shop.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + instrument
a wind/woodwind instrument
Violas blend very well with most of the wind instruments.
a brass instrument
The tuba is the deepest of the brass instruments.
a string/stringed instrument
He spent many hours playing string instruments of all kinds.
a keyboard instrument
Keyboard instruments are relatively easy to learn.
a percussion instrument (=one that you hit)
Children can learn to play percussion instruments through games and songs.
an electronic instrument
An electronic instrument requires no tuning and very little maintenance.
a solo instrument (=one that can be played on its own)
The organ has increasingly become recognized as a solo instrument in its own right.
Examples from the Corpus
instrument• The army is an instrument of the government.• Even small children were used as instruments in the regime, encouraged to spy on and report their parents.• The Committee on Ethics in Public Life was regarded by many as being a mere instrument of the government.• I sat in the dentist's chair and looked at the row of instruments beside me.• Spending was once considered the most powerful instrument of government policy.• The microscope is perhaps the most widely used scientific instrument.• The instrument measures breathing and blood pressure.• The instrument produces a sound similar to a violin.• The company specializes in the manufacture of high quality writing instruments.
brass/wind/percussion/stringed etc instrument• Concertos for brass instruments have helped to develop and increase their technical resources.• Mac had said something about his fondness for wind instruments without actually saying what he played.• The same held true for mouthpieces for wind instruments and replacement roots for teeth, Sakai explained.• He bashed about on percussion instruments.• It boomed as if the whole house was a resonating chamber for the brass instrument on the door.• Many of the stringed instruments imitate the sounds of horses; wind instruments imitate the sounds of birds and other wild animals.• If you have access to stringed instruments, bring them to class and let the students try playing them.
instrument for (doing) something• Polls have become not only an instrument for taking the momentary public pulse but a servant of political spin.• However, we are very keen to encourage centres not to interpret this as meaning a separate assessment instrument for every outcome.• This attention to detail only enhances the beauty and warmth of the voice itself, the ideal instrument for the part.• Thoughtful, well-reasoned covert action, lawfully reported to Congress, can be a tremendous foreign-policy instrument for a president.• These examinations are probably a poor instrument for measuring the quality of medical education because they concentrate on factual retention.• A bomb is a terrible and random instrument for tearing flesh.• Most often C rdenas uses her own body as the instrument for her explorations.• I was aghast to see that Peter had spread the instruments for the operation on the dining table.
instrument of torture• It resembled a medieval instrument of torture, a rack or wheel.
From Longman Business Dictionary
instrumentin·stru·ment /ˈɪnstrəmənt/ noun [countableC]
1 (also financial instrument)FINANCE an investment such as a bond or share
the growth of financial instruments such as options and futures
→ debt instrument → equity instrument → hedging instrument → money-market instrument → negotiable instrument
2 (also statutory instrument) British EnglishBrELAW an instruction given by a British minister that has the force of a law
The Secretary of State may, by order made by statutory instrument, determine the fees payable by any applicant to a licensing board.
3LAW a formal legal document
→ trust instrument
Origin instrument
(1200-1300) Latin instrumentum, from instruere; → INSTRUCT
in·stru·ment noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
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