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IELTS BNC: 729 COCA: 1061

capital

Word family 
Related topics: Government, Business basics, Letters & punctuation, Architecture, Business, Geography
cap·i·tal1 /ˈkæpətl/ ●●● S3 W1 noun  
1  city 城市CITY [countableC]PGTOWN an important city where the main government of a country, state etc is 首都；首府；省会
 Washington D.C., the capital of the United States
美国首都华盛顿特区
► see thesaurus at city
2  FINANCIALmoney 钱 [singular, uncountableU]BBMONEY money or property, especially when it is used to start a business or to produce more wealth 资本，资金
 The government is eager to attract foreign capital.
政府急切希望吸引外国资金。
→ venture capital, working capital
3. letter 字母LETTER [countableC]SLA a letter of the alphabet written in its large form, used for example at the beginning of someone’s name 大写字母 → lower case, upper case
4  centre of activity 活动中心CENTRE OF ACTIVITY [countableC]BUSY PLACE a place that is a centre for an industry, business, or other activity 〔工商业或其他活动的〕中心
 Hollywood is the capital of the movie industry.
好莱坞是电影之都。
5. make capital from/out of something ADVANTAGEto use a situation or event to help you get an advantage 利用某事获利，从某事中捞取好处
6. building 建筑物 [countableC] technical the top part of a column (=a long stone post used in some buildings) 柱头，柱顶
Examples from the Corpus
capital• Rome is one of the world's most beautiful capitals.• The food associated with economic capital is characterized by rich sauces and desserts, and rare and luxurious items such as truffles.• When evaluating capital budgeting decisions, it is this marginal cost that should be used as the appropriate cost of capital.• The nation state, particularly in the third world and the erstwhile Eastern bloc, is the agent of global capital.• Raley started a grocery business in the 1930s with $1000 in capital.• Please fill in your name and address in capitals.• The plan is expected to create vast amounts of investment capital.• Consumer goods occupy a much more contradictory place in the circulation and realisation of capital than do fixed assets.• There is a shortage of capital for building new aircraft.• Our return on capital has more than doubled since 1980.• Since the stockmarket crash, companies have been trying to raise capital by selling new stock.• The tour includes a trip to Budapest, Hungary's capital city.• Preference shares, particularly redeemable preference shares, are sometimes considered to be more akin to loan stock than share capital.• Typically too, nationalized industry balance sheets show capital as amounts owed to the central government.• Sacramento is the state capital of California.• The popes regarded the city as the capital of their duchy.• On Oct. 10 between 30 and 100 people were reported hurt during a pro-Ershad rally in the capital, Dhaka.• Albany is the capital of New York State.• What's the capital of Canada?
Related topics: Letters & punctuation, Crime
capital2 ●●○ adjectiveadj  
1  SLAa capital letter is one that is written or printed in its large form 大写的 → lower case, upper case
 capital ‘B’
大写的B
2  relating to money that you use to start a business or to make more money 资本的，资金的
 capital investments
资本投资
3. capital offence/crime SCLKILLan offence that is punished by death 死罪
Examples from the Corpus
capital offence/crime• Loss of privileges in peacetime; in war, a capital offence.• The word from Lilongwe now is that Chihana will be charged with sedition, a capital offence.• It is capital crime, and a black disgrace to the races of civilized mankind.• No government has ever made abortion a capital crime or executed either a pregnant woman or an abortionist for murder.• New capital crimes would include the use of firearms; hostage-taking; torture; sale of drugs to minors and racketeering.
4. trouble with a capital T, fast with a capital F etcfast with a capital F etc trouble with a capital T informal used with any word in order to emphasize that you are talking about an extreme type of something 麻烦透顶，快速之极等〔强调极端性〕
5. GOOD/EXCELLENT old-fashioned excellent 极好的
Examples from the Corpus
capital• The company's logo is a large capital "B."• During the year the bank actually had 12. 18 billion pesetas in capital gains from its fixed-income portfolio.• Payroll taxes are levied only on wages and salaries-not profits, interest, dividends, or capital gains.• Some investment managers may compensate by making a slight switch in emphasis towards capital growth investments and away from high yielding equities.• The fund manager can, therefore, select the mix of bonds which offers the most attractive yield and capital growth potential.• However, cuts in capital investment and fuel supply problems have reduced capacity growth to something around 3% per year.• The recycling industry is making huge capital investments in equipment.• In the latter case it will be necessary to work closely with the local authority in carrying out a capital project.• We intend to lighten the burden of capital taxes and reform the taxation of savings.
From Longman Business Dictionary
capitalcap·i·tal /ˈkæpətl/ noun [uncountableU]
1ECONOMICSmoney or property used to produce wealth
Countries around the world are hungry for capital and economic development.
→ see also return on capital
→ customer capital → human capital → intellectual capital → social capital
2FINANCEmoney from shareholders and lenders that can be invested by a business in assets in order to produce profits
There is a shortage of capital for the purchase of new aircraft.
Since the stockmarket fall, companies have been prevented from raising capital by selling new stock.
The company desperately needs a fresh injection of capital.
The company has bought lots of land over the last few years, which ties up capital (=makes it unavailable for use) as it waits to develop it.
→ authorized capital → circulating capital → core capital → debt capital → equity capital → fixed capital → flight capital → issued capital → loan capital → nominal capital → operating capital → ordinary capital → paid-in capital → preference capital → risk capital → share capital → split capital → Tier 1 capital → Tier 2 capital → uncalled capital → unissued capital → venture capital → working capital
Origin capital1
1. (1600-1700) → CAPITAL2
2. (1600-1700) French Italian capitale, from Latin capitalis; → CAPITAL2
3. (1200-1300) Old North French capitel, from Late Latin capitellum, from Latin caput; → CAPITAL2
 capital2
(1100-1200) Latin capitalis, from caput “head”
cap·i·tal1 nouncapital2 adjectiveadj
Chinese
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