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prison

Word family 
Related topics: Jail & punishment
pris·on /ˈprɪzən/ ●●● S2 W2 noun  
1  [countableC, uncountableU]SCJ a building where people are kept as a punishment for a crime, or while they are waiting to go to court for their trial 监狱；看守所，拘留所 SYN jail, → prisoner, imprison
 He visits his dad in prison every week.
他每周都去探望狱中的父亲。
 Ricky has been out of prison for three years now.
里基现已出狱三年。
 They’ll probably put him in prison for a long time.
他们很可能会让他在监狱里待很长时间。
 Helen was sent to prison for attacking a man with a knife.
海伦因持刀袭击一名男子而被送入监狱。
 The two men were arrested only a week after they were released from prison.
那两名男子从监狱获释后仅仅一周就被捕了。
 Three terrorists escaped from Brixton Prison.
有三名恐怖分子从布里克斯顿监狱越狱了。
 an increase in the number of women going to prison
入狱女性人数的增多
 Mr Gunn received a ten-year prison sentence.
冈恩先生获刑十年。
5Don’t say ‘the prison’ unless you are referring to a particular building: She was sent to prison. | He spent five years in prison. |They live opposite the prison.
如果不是确指某个监狱的建筑，不要说 ‘the prison’ : She was sent to prison. 她被送进了监狱。 | He spent five years in prison. 他坐了五年牢。 |They live opposite the prison. 他们住在监狱对面。
2  [uncountableU]SCJ the system that deals with keeping people in a prison 监禁，监狱制度
 the prison service
监狱管理机构
 Does prison deter criminals from offending again?
监禁可以制止罪犯再次犯罪吗？
3  [countableC] an unpleasant place or situation which it is difficult to escape from 难以脱身的地方；牢笼
 The farm felt like a prison to her.
那座农场对她来说犹如牢笼。
n Grammar
You use prison without ‘the’ when talking in general about someone being kept somewhere as a punishment:
He is in prison for murder.
The judge sent him to prison.
You use the prison when talking about a particular place:
There are about 600 prisoners in the prison.
Visitors to the prison are carefully checked.
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
go to prison
She went to prison for theft.
put somebody in prison
Mentally ill people should not be put in prison.
send somebody to prison
I was afraid I might get sent to prison.
be released from prison
He was released from prison six weeks ago.
let somebody out of prison
When’s he going to be let out of prison?
come/get out of prison
The boy just come out of prison after doing two years for assault.
escape from (a) prison
Blake escaped from a Missouri prison last year.
adjectives
an open prison (=one where prisoners are not restricted as much as usual)
He was transferred to an open prison.
a maximum security prison
He was sent to a maximum security prison where prisoners are kept in their cells almost 23 hours a day.
prison + NOUN
a prison sentence/term (=a period of time in prison as a punishment)
He is serving a four-year prison sentence.
a prison officer/official/warder/guard
Last month, a prisoner attacked two prison officers with a knife.
a prison cell (=a room where a prisoner lives)
Overcrowding means that many prisoners have to share a prison cell.
the prison population (=all the prisoners in a country)
The government wants to reduce the size of the prison population.
 THESAURUS
prison a large building where people are kept as a punishment for a crime or while they are waiting to go to court for their trial 监狱；看守所
He was sentenced to five years in prison.
他被判五年监禁。
Wandsworth Prison
旺兹沃思监狱
jail a prison, or a similar smaller building where prisoners are kept for a short time 监狱；拘留所
nThis old building is the jail that Butch Cassidy escaped from in 1887.
He was taken to a cell in the Los Angeles County Jail.
他被关进洛杉矶县监狱的一间牢房。
n58% of prisoners are in jail for non-violent crimes.
nThe strikers were harassed, beaten and put in jail for trespassing.
nGrover got caught for not paying his taxes and was sent to jail.
gaol /dʒeɪl/ British EnglishBrE another way of spelling jail jail的另一种拼法
He spent the night in gaol.
他在拘留所里待了一夜。
penitentiary /ˌpenəˈtenʃəri/ American EnglishAmE a large prison for people who are guilty of serious crimes 〔关押重罪犯人的大型〕监狱
the Ohio State Penitentiary
俄亥俄州立监狱
nThe murderer served 10 years at the penitentiary in Stillwater.
nthe abandoned federal penitentiary on Alcatraz Island
correctional facility American EnglishAmE formal an official word for a prison 管教所〔监狱的正式说法〕
1,000 prisoners rioted at the North County Correctional Facility.
有1,000名囚犯在北县教养所发生暴乱。
detention centre British EnglishBrE, detention center American EnglishAmE a place where young people who have done something illegal are kept, because they are too young to go to prison. Also used about a place where people who have entered a country illegally are kept 拘留中心,感化中心〔专门关押青少年罪犯,也用于关押非法入境者〕
nKevin, who had been abandoned by his mother, had been in and out of detention centres all his life.
a juvenile detention center
青少年感化中心
nHarmondsworth detention centre, near Heathrow airport
open prison British EnglishBrE a prison in which prisoners have more freedom than in an ordinary prison, usually because their crimes were less serious 开放式监狱
nIn some open prisons, prisoners are allowed to go home at weekends.
cell a small room in a prison or police station, where someone is kept as a punishment 牢房,囚室
a prison cell
监狱里的牢房
nConditions were poor, and there were several prisoners to one cell.
Examples from the Corpus
prison• Prison is an expensive and inefficient way to deal with social problems.• When he was released from prison, Mandela was interviewed in Zambia.• The prosecuting lawyers say that Price may face life in prison.• Johnson pleaded guilty and was sentenced to five years in prison.• He has been sentenced to two years in prison and given a five-year driving ban.• Over half of the four hundred thousand people in our prisons are black.• The instruments for punishing prison rioters were already available and the offence was unnecessary.• a maximum security prison• The idleness and overcrowding led to rioting in four state prisons in 1985 that left an inmate dead.• Conditions in the prison were shocking.• Then she went to the prison to see Sarah.• But that issue quickly faded when the prison got built in Eloy.• The prison doctor refused unless she agreed to drink a cup of tea and eat a piece of bread and butter.• a fifteen-year prison sentence• Clayton will be released on Tuesday after serving seven years, prison officials said.
prison sentence• Eventually four men were arrested and given prison sentences for the crime.• He doesn't deserve to be facing a long prison sentence.• Elisa Felix pled guilty in 1993 to a money laundering charge and served a 10-month prison sentence.• The law must be changed to allow the courts to pass severe prison sentences on these so-called joyriders.• Staley is serving a 15-to 25-year state prison sentence for stalking his ex-girlfriend.• Name the doctor given a suspended prison sentence for the attempted murder of a dying patient. 4.• Each charge carried a maximum 10-year prison sentence.• The Arizona Special Delivery defendant faces a 10-to 24-year prison sentence under state law.
prison service• That is no way to run a prison service.• The police, probation and prison services have the information families need, and they generally have the opportunity to impart it.• Derek Lewis, prison service director general, said Wymott was now stable and the governor and staff were in control.• I do not believe simply in throwing money at the prison service for the sake of it.• It is putting forward the best possible case for the prison service.• We also need people prepared to write, as pen-friends, to warders and other officials in the prison service.• Yet he chose to keep it secret and blamed officers of the prison service for what happened.• Some staff think the prison service is being deliberately run down.
Origin prison
(1100-1200) Old French Latin prehensio “act of seizing”, from prehendere; → PREHENSILE
pris·on noun →n GRAMMAR1 →n COLLOCATIONS1
→THESAURUS1
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