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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3499 COCA: 4003

artificial

Word family 
ar·ti·fi·cial /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl◂ $ ˌɑːr-/ ●●● S3 adjectiveadj [usually before noun]  
1  ARTIFICIALnot real or not made of natural things but made to be like something that is real or natural 人造的，人工的 SYN false OPP natural
 artificial flowers
假花
 artificial light
人造光
 artificial fertilizers
化肥
→4  See picture of 见图 NATURAL 1
2  an artificial situation or quality exists because someone has made it exist, and not because it is really necessary 人为的
 artificial distinctions
人为差别
 artificial barriers of gender and race
性别和种族的人为障碍
3  PRETENDartificial behaviour is not sincere – used to show disapproval 〔行为〕虚假的，不真挚的，矫揉造作的〔含贬义〕 OPP genuine
 an artificial smile
假笑
—artificially adverbadv
 Food prices are being kept artificially low.
食品价格正被人为地控制在低水平。
—artificiality /ˌɑːtəfɪʃiˈæləti $ ˌɑːr-/ noun [uncountableU]
n COLLOCATIONS
nouns
artificial light/lighting
Energy is being wasted by using artificial lighting when daylight is adequate.
artificial sweeteners (=used to make food or drink taste sweeter)
Diet drinks contain artificial sweeteners like saccharin.
artificial colours (=used in food)
I try to buy food that is free from artificial colours.
artificial flavours
Ice cream often has artificial flavours in it.
artificial additives (=used to give food more colour or taste)
Artificial additives such as colourings, sweeteners and flavour enhancers aren’t permitted in baby foods.
artificial preservatives (=used to preserve food)
This jam has no artificial preservatives.
artificial flowers
a vase of stiff-looking artificial flowers
an artificial environment
Animals hate being confined in an artificial environment.
artificial grass
artificial grass tennis courts
artificial snow
Some ski resorts use huge amounts of artificial snow.
an artificial pitch British EnglishBrE
The club is building a new artificial training pitch at its sports ground.
 THESAURUS
artificial not real or natural, but made to look or work like something real or natural 人造的；人工的〔尤指模拟自然的〕
artificial flowers
假花
He was given an artificial heart.
他被植入了人造心脏。
synthetic made using chemical processes rather than by natural processes 合成的
synthetic fabrics
合成纤维
a synthetic version of the drug
合成药物
man-made made by people – used especially about geographical features and materials 〔尤指地貌或材料〕人造的，人工的
a man-made lake
人工湖
man-made fibres
人造纤维
fake made to look or seem like something else, especially in order to deceive people 伪造的，冒充的
a fake passport
假护照
fake fur
人造毛皮
imitation made to look like something, but not real – used especially about guns, jewellery, and leather 〔尤指枪支、珠宝和皮革〕人造的，仿制的
imitation firearms
仿真枪
imitation pearls
人造珍珠
false artificial – used especially about teeth, eyelashes, and beards 〔尤指牙齿、睫毛和胡须〕人造的，人工的
a set of false teeth
一副假牙
simulated not real, but made to look, sound, or feel real, especially by means of special computers or machines 〔尤指由计算机或机械〕模仿的，模拟的
a simulated space flight
模拟航天飞行
virtual made, done, seen etc on a computer, rather than in the real world 〔在计算机上〕虚拟的，非现实的
a virtual tour of the garden
虚拟花园游览
Examples from the Corpus
artificial• On the surface she seems quite a pleasant woman, but there's something very artificial about her.• High import taxes give their goods an artificial advantage in the market.• Carter was saying all the right things, but his smile was artificial, and I knew I couldn't trust him.• The natural and artificial characterizing ingredients must be named on the labels.• artificial Christmas trees• In front of the grate was a tall electric fire with artificial coals, a high curved back and a triple set of burners.• The juice contains no artificial coloring or flavors.• Our ice cream contains no artificial colors or flavors.• Paradoxically the ecological problems deriving from the application of artificial fertilizers are often equally complex and extensive.• On the table was a vase filled with artificial flowers.• Through binoculars I had noted the breakwaters of what appeared to be a small artificial harbour just a mile along the coast.• Constraint-based programming is an artificial intelligence technique which finds the optimum way to allocate means and resources.• Glen wears an artificial leg.• It took Frank a while to learn to walk with the artificial leg.• The plants can grow just as well in artificial light.• We have one of those electric heaters with artificial logs.• A wreath of artificial poppies has been held down by a brick.• I usually use artificial sweetener in my coffee instead of sugar.• artificial sweeteners for coffee• An example, perhaps slightly artificial, would be found in a family photograph.
Origin artificial
(1300-1400) Old French artificiel, from Latin artificialis, from artificium; → ARTIFICE
ar·ti·fi·cial adjectiveadj →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1
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