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BNC: 2006 COCA: 1668

shadow

Word family 
shad·ow1 /ˈʃædəʊ $ -doʊ/ ●●● S3 W2 noun  
1  dark shape 黑影 [countableC]DARK the dark shape that someone or something makes on a surface when they are between that surface and the light 影子
 the long dark shadow of an old oak tree
一棵老橡树长长的影子
in the shadow of something
 It was hot, and we decided to walk in the shadow of the wall (=along the wall, where its shadow would fall).
天气很热，我们决定沿着墙的阴影走。
2  darkness 黑暗 [uncountableU] (also shadows [plural])DARK darkness caused by something preventing light from reaching a place 阴影，昏暗处，阴暗处
in shadow
 The room was half in shadow.
这房间有一半是暗的。
in the shadows
 In the shadows, something moved.
阴影中，有个东西在移动。
3  bad effect/influence 不良效果/影响 [singular] the bad effect or influence that something has, which makes other things seem less enjoyable, attractive, or impressive 坏影响，阴影
in/under the shadow of something
 For years, people had been living under the shadow of communism.
人们多年来一直生活在恐怖主义的阴影下。
cast a shadow over/on something (=make something seem less enjoyable, attractive, or impressive) 给某事物蒙上阴影
 The events of September 11th cast a shadow over the celebrations.
“九一一”事件给庆典活动蒙上了一层阴影。
4  without/beyond a shadow of a doubt CERTAINLY/DEFINITELYused to say that something is definitely true 毫无疑问
 Without a shadow of a doubt, he’s the most talented player we have.
毫无疑问，他是我们最有天赋的球员。
Examples from the Corpus
without/beyond a shadow of a doubt• Don't ask me how - but I knew it without a shadow of a doubt.• Now she knew without a shadow of doubt that she wasn't.
5  in somebody’s shadow SATISFIED#if you are in someone’s shadow, they are much more famous and successful than you are 在某人的光环之下，在某人的盛名之下〔显得逊色〕
 Kate grew up in the shadow of her film star sister.
凯特是在她当电影明星的姐姐的光环下长大的。
6  be a shadow of your former self SAD/UNHAPPYto be weaker, less powerful, or worse than you were before 〔因身体虚弱、势力不如以前等而〕前后判若两人，前后天差地别
 Lennox seemed like a shadow of his former self.
伦诺克斯好像变了个人似的。
Examples from the Corpus
be a shadow of your former self• Following years of heavy losses, the company is only a shadow of its former self.
7  shadows under your eyes HBHTIREDsmall dark areas under your eyes that you have when you are very tired 黑眼圈
 She looked pale, with deep shadows under her eyes.
她看上去脸色苍白，有很深的黑眼圈。
Examples from the Corpus
shadows under your eyes• Even with the blinds down, she could see the dark shadows under her eyes.• One day she came to history class with dark shadows under her eyes.• On Monday morning Sam came to class events with dark shadows under his eyes, looking ten years older over a weekend.• She still looked pale, with deep shadows under her eyes.• Mr Stead was middle-aged and paunchy, with deep shadows under his eyes and square rimless glasses.• How fresh she looked every morning, despite the slight shadows under her eyes which denoted not much sleep.• He noted the shadows under her eyes.• Duhamel's face was white; the shadows under his eyes seemed to deepen.
8. somebody’s shadow FOLLOWsomeone who follows someone else everywhere they go 某人的影子，与某人形影不离的人
9. afraid/frightened/scared etc of your own shadow easily frightened or very nervous 非常胆小，惊弓之鸟，草木皆兵
→ five o'clock shadow
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
cast/throw a shadow (=make it appear) 投下影子
The building cast a shadow across the narrow street.
楼房在狭窄的街道上投下一道影子。
a shadow falls somewhere (=appears on something) 影子落在某处
The footsteps came closer, and a shadow fell across the table.
脚步声越来越近,然后有一个影子落在桌上。
the shadows lengthen (=get longer, as it gets later in the day) 日影变长
Already the shadows were lengthening.
日影已越来越长。
adjectives
a dark/black shadow 黑影
She saw the dark shadow of a man in the doorway.
她看见门口有个男人的黑影。
a long shadow 长长的影子
nLong shadows stretched across the grass from the apple trees.
flickering shadows (=shadows that move about quickly) 摇曳的影子
Candles cast strange flickering shadows on the walls.
烛光在墙上投下摇曳的奇怪影子。
Examples from the Corpus
shadow• Just then, a dark shadow emerged from the mist.• I remember these figures illuminated from behind, like giant shadows.• As we walked along, our shadows lengthened with the setting sun.• We can not jump off our own shadows.• The short shadows of the doorways were filled all day with people snapping their newspapers.• More solemn shadows flared as he lit his pipe, the sound of the drawing air strained and high.• It was not that I expected some one to hurt me or that I thought there were dangerous things lurking in the shadows.• In the shadows and its gentle movement I believe I see the firelight which constrains and defines the Masai night.• A monk in saffron robes steps out of the shadows to stand beside us.
in the shadow of something• And in the shadow of events yet to be.• It was also said that a person could walk for three days in the shadow of the Tower without ever leaving it.• He was lying face downwards in the shadow of the short diving-board, fully dressed in a blazer and white linen trousers.• We know only the pain of the also-ran, for ever in the shadow of the siren.• Described by one resident as a rough area, Walton village lies in the shadow of both Everton and Liverpool football clubs.• Families living in the shadow of the nation's largest nuclear power plant are concerned.• Gallows loomed in the shadows of her dreams and dead babies and famine, and a blonde woman with sly green eyes.• Slaughter and torture declared by judges as the law lurk in the shadows of our history.• And right in the shadow of Tomorrowland.
in shadow• The room was half in shadow.
in/under the shadow of something• It was only then that she saw Sandra, standing concealed in the shadow of the eaves.• But Khatm just huddles in the shadow of the Nawab's palace.• I liked to linger in the shadow of a pine green corridor.• The murderers parked in the shadows of a tree.• In a world that was still under the shadow of Malthus, he could hardly propose adding more people.• When Amelia first saw the Fokker, it was in the shadows of its East Boston hangar.• I could see her now that my eyes were in the shadow of a branch.
shadow2 verb [transitiveT]  
1  FOLLOWto follow someone closely in order to watch what they are doing 跟踪，尾随，盯…的梢
 Detectives shadowed him for weeks.
侦探跟踪了他好几个星期。
2  literaryDARK to cover something with a shadow, or make it dark 投阴影于；遮蔽
 a narrow street which was shadowed by a huge Catholic church
被一个巨大的天主教堂的影子所笼罩的一条狭窄街道
n Grammar
Shadow is usually passive in this meaning.
Examples from the Corpus
shadow• The latter ranges from job shadowing and community service to paid career internships.• Several students spent a week in the office, shadowing attorneys and office staff.• At that rugged face, shadowed by darkness, into the unearthly blue of his eyes.• The module will pass over several of the moon's permanently shadowed craters.• I nodded my head, watching the shadowed figures gesturing, belching in hunger, nodding heads, tippling bottles.• Consumed with jealousy, he shadowed her for three days, hoping to catch her with her lover.• Sheer terror shadowed her indented eyes, and yet never would she be caught.• I want you to shadow him for the next three days and find out who he hangs out with.• In all the shadowed places there was snow.• Although sullen opposition and private anger still shadows the Communist Party, no disturbances were reported during yesterday's events.• The sun set alight the water drops that speckled their leaves and shadowed the ground beneath them.• Detectives shadowed them for weeks, collecting evidence.
shadow3 adjectiveadj [only before noun]  
1. Shadow Chancellor/Foreign Secretary etc PGOthe politician in the main opposition party in the British parliament who would become chancellor etc if their party was in government, and who is responsible for speaking on the same subjects 影子财政大臣/外交大臣等〔指英国议会中主要反对党若执政时会成为财政大臣等的人〕
2. Shadow Cabinet PGOthe group of politicians in the British parliament who would become ministers if their party was in government 影子内阁〔指英国议会中，若其政党执政则会成为部长的一群政治家〕
From Longman Business Dictionary
shadowshad·ow /ˈʃædəʊ-doʊ/ verb [transitiveT]
1to watch someone very closely or work with them in order to learn how they do their job
The managers were shadowed by trainees in the bank’s development programme.
2to change at the same rate or in the same way as something
In London, share prices shadowed Wall Street’s, to close midway.
Gloomy news in the technology sector was shadowed by smaller electronics stocks.
Origin shadow1
Old English sceaduw-, stem of sceadu; → SHADE1
shad·ow1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1shadow2 verb →n GRAMMAR1shadow3 adjectiveadj
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