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TOEFL BNC: 567 COCA: 701

reduce

Word family 
Related topics: Cooking, Nutrition
re·duce /rɪˈdjuːs $ rɪˈduːs/ ●●● S1 W1 verb  
1  [transitiveT]REDUCE to make something smaller or less in size, amount, or price 缩小；减少；降低 SYN cut, → reduction
 The governor announced a new plan to reduce crime.
州长宣布了一项降低犯罪率的新计划。
 The helmet law should reduce injuries in motorcycle accidents.
头盔法的实施应该能减少摩托车事故的受伤率。
 Small businesses will need to reduce costs in order to survive.
小企业要想生存必须削减成本。
reduce something by something
 The workforce has been reduced by half.
职工人数已减少一半。
reduce something (from something) to something
 All the shirts were reduced to £10.
所有衬衫都减价至10英镑。
 The new bridge should reduce travelling time from 50 minutes to 15 minutes.
这座新桥应该能将行程从50分钟缩减到15分钟。
2. [intransitiveI, transitiveT]DFC if you reduce a liquid, or if it reduces, you boil it so that there is less of it 〔煮沸液体以〕（使）浓缩
3. [intransitiveI] especially American EnglishAmEDCDFN to become thinner by losing weight 减肥 → diet
4. be in reduced circumstances old-fashionedPOOR to be poorer than you were before 〔比过去〕境况不济，生活拮据
5 reduce somebody/something to something phrasal verbphr v 
a) reduce somebody to tears/silence etcFORCE somebody TO DO something to make someone cry, be silent etc 使某人流泪/沉默等
 She was reduced to tears in front of her students.
她在学生面前流下了眼泪。
b) reduce somebody to doing somethingFORCE somebody TO DO something to make someone do something they would rather not do, especially when it involves behaving or living in a way that is not as good as before 迫使某人做某事；使某人沦落到某种地步
 Eventually Charlotte was reduced to begging on the streets.
最后夏洛特沦落到沿街乞讨。
c) reduce something to ashes/rubble/ruinsDESTROY to destroy something, especially a building, completely 把某物〔尤指建筑物〕化为灰烬/变成瓦砾/夷为废墟等
 A massive earthquake reduced the city to rubble.
一场大地震把这座城市夷为废墟。
d) REDUCEto change something into a shorter simpler form 简化
 Many jobs can be reduced to a few simple points.
许多工作都可以概括成简单的几点。
Examples from the Corpus
reduce somebody to tears/silence etc• At mealtimes, Kornemann would rail at his wife in front of the boys, reducing her to tears.• Initially, it was the existential absurdity of his predicament that reduced Sooty to silence.• It becomes the subject of innumerable short stories and songs, of films that reduce their audiences to tears.• Outside in her car she kept a tight grip on herself, refusing to let her humiliation reduce her to tears.• She would come home in tears and reduce my wife to tears.• They might stop me having visitors if they think I reduce them to tears.• He has in his grasp the ability to reduce anyone to tears, through a snappy headline or lurid story.
reduce somebody to doing something• They were reduced to begging on the streets.
n COLLOCATIONS
adverbs
greatly/substantially/considerably reduce
He has greatly reduced the political power of the armed forces.
significantly reduce
Their symptoms were significantly reduced.
dramatically/drastically reduce
They are committed to drastically reducing the size and cost of government.
sharply reduce
Medical progress has sharply reduced death rates.
gradually reduce
The aim is to gradually reduce the number of troops in the area.
 THESAURUS
to reduce prices, numbers, or amounts 降低价格、减少数字或数量
reduce to make the price, amount, or size of something less or smaller 降低〔价格〕；减少〔数量〕；缩小〔尺寸〕
The price was reduced by 50%.
价格降了50%。
We need to reduce the amount of salt in our diet.
我们需要减少饮食中盐的含量。
cut to reduce something, especially by a large amount – used about prices, costs, jobs, or the time needed to do something 削减〔尤指大量减少价格、成本、工作岗位或时间〕
Companies are always looking for ways to cut costs.
公司总是在想方设法削减成本。
The journey time will be cut to under 2 hours.
行程将缩短到两小时内。
nStaff numbers have been cut by half to about 150.
lower to reduce the level, limit, or amount of something. Lower sounds rather formal 降低，减少〔水平限制或数量；该词听上去颇为正式〕
The voting age was lowered to 18.
投票年龄降到了18岁。
The government decided to lower interest rates by 0.5%.
政府决定降息0.5%。
nAfter twenty minutes, lower the temperature to 150 degrees.
bring something down to reduce something such as prices or costs, or reduce the level of something. Bring something down is less formal than lower 降低〔价格或成本；该说法不如lower正式〕
The government wants to bring down the level of inflation.
政府希望降低通货膨胀水平。
The company is trying to bring its costs down.
公司正试图降低成本。
slash informal to reduce an amount or price by a very large amount – used especially in newspapers and advertisements 大幅度削减〔数量或价格，尤用于报纸和广告〕
Public spending has been slashed over the past two years.
在过去两年里，公共开支遭大幅削减。
Prices slashed for one week only!
大降价仅一周！
cut something back to reduce the amount of something – used especially about people deciding to spend less, do less, or use less of something 削减〔尤用于决定减少开销、工作或使用〕
The education budget has been cut back again.
教育预算又遭削减。
I need to cut back on my workload.
我得削减工作量。
downsize to reduce the number of people employed in order to reduce costs – used about a company or organization 〔公司或机构为缩减开支而〕裁员
The company is planning to downsize its European operations.
公司正计划缩减其欧洲业务。
nscale something down/back to reduce the size or the amount of money that is being spent on something
The research programme has been scaled down.
The navy is being scaled down.
nrelieve/ease to make pain or feelings less unpleasant
The drug is used to relieve pain.
A joke can help to ease the tension.
nalleviate formal to reduce pain or suffering, or make a problem less serious
You can buy various medicines to alleviate the symptoms of flu.
The new road was supposed to alleviate the congestion problem.
Examples from the Corpus
reduce• Their income has been drastically reduced.• Benefits will be reduced by $50 for each child who fails to attend school.• Place over medium-high heat and reduce by half, skimming off any fat that accumulates on surface.• We are reducing costs and investing for more effective operations.• Sluggish economic growth means interest rates will stay low amid tepid demand for loans and a reduced risk of accelerating inflation.• Add vinegar and stock to pan juices and reduce slightly on stove top.• Miriam finds that yoga and meditation help her in reducing stress.• This reduces the advantage to the raider, and so too the likelihood of a takeover.• Doctors are urging people to reduce the amount of salt in their diet.• Supermarkets can help promote healthy eating habits by reducing the amount of sugar and fat in their products.• However, the objective must be to reduce the intake of all pesticides to the absolute minimum.• They gave him drugs to reduce the pain.• I was hoping they would reduce the price a little.• Prompt action can often reduce the severity of shock in road accident victims.• The foot is reduced to a protrusion that they use to pull themselves down into the sand.• The new road will reduce traffic through the town by 30%.• You can greatly reduce your heating bills by using low-energy heaters.• Stopping smoking can significantly reduce your risk of suffering a heart attack.
reduce something by something• To meet the budget, the city must reduce its spending by 15%.
From Longman Business Dictionary
reducere·duce /rɪˈdjuːsrɪˈduːs/ verb [transitiveT]
to make something less or smaller in price, amount, or size
Jobs have been cut in order to reduce costs.
Prices have been reduced by 20%.
reduce something (from something) to something
The flight had been reduced to £99.
—reduced adjectiveadj
Sales have been hit by reduced demand.
Origin reduce
(1300-1400) Latin reducere “to lead back”, from ducere “to lead”
re·duce verb →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1
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