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IELTS BNC: 906 COCA: 546

oil

Word family 
Related topics: Gas, coal, oil, Industry, Cooking, Hair & beauty
oil1 /ɔɪl/ ●●● S2 W1 noun  
1  natural substance under the ground 地下的天然物质 [uncountableU]TPGTI the thick dark liquid from under the ground from which petrol is produced 石油；原油 → crude
 a rise in the price of oil
石油价格的上涨
 the importance of protecting our oil supplies
保护我们石油供应的重要性
 an oil refinery (=factory where oil is made purer)
炼油厂
2  fuel 燃料 [uncountableU]TPGTI a smooth thick liquid that is used to make machines run easily or is burned to produce heat 润滑油；燃油
 Check the oil level in your car every week.
每周都要检查一下汽车的机油量。
 The heating system runs on oil.
供暖系统使用燃油。
3  vinegar.jpg liquid from plants 取自植物的液体 [countableC, uncountableU]DFCDCB a smooth thick liquid made from plants or some animals, used especially in cooking or for making beauty products 〔尤用于烹调或生产美容用品的〕植物油，动物油
 cooking oil
食用油
olive/vegetable/sunflower etc oil
 coconut oil shampoo
椰子油洗发剂
 Fish oils are supposed to help relieve arthritis.
据说鱼油有助于缓解关节炎的症状。
→ castor oil, cod-liver oil, linseed oil
4  PAINT 油漆oils [plural]AVP paints that contain oil 油漆；油性涂料；油画颜料 SYN oil paints
in oils
 I usually paint in oils (=using oils).
我通常画油画。
Examples from the Corpus
in oils• I consider myself a cartoonist in oils.• Mostly I paint in oils.• The ambitious show includes paintings in oils and acrylics, and monotypes on paper.• It's absurd, these days, like submitting a portrait in oils with your passport application.• The first is a formal portrait in oils by Thomas King, completed sometime be-tween October 1765 and March 1766.• Oddly enough, however, ethanol is also soluble in oils and fats.• The copal was heat treated to make it soluble in oils and solvents.• This full-size version in oils was done by Leonardo's assistants in his studio around 1510.• She works in oils and, among other things, paints about a dozen portraits a year, charging £400 upwards.
→ burn the midnight oil at burn1(20), → pour oil on troubled waters at pour(8)
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
discover/find oil
Oil was discovered in Saudi Arabia in 1938.
How does a company go about finding oil and getting it from the ground?
hit/strike oil (=to find oil when you are digging for it)
The engineers drilled down a few hundred metres until they hit oil.
The Ohio Oil Company struck oil on May 3rd.
drill for oil
Plans to drill for oil off the New South Wales coast have recently been revived.
produce oil (=to have natural areas of oil, and take it out of the ground)
The US does not produce enough oil to meet its own needs.
extract oil formal (=to take oil out of an area)
the difficult process of extracting the oil
adjectives
crude oil (=oil in its natural state)
the price of crude oil
refined oil (=oil that has been treated by an industrial process)
They had exported refined oil.
offshore oil (=found under the sea, not far from the coast)
The company has the technical capabilities to produce offshore oil.
heavy/light oil
2,000 barrels of heavy oil are produced a day.
The oil corporation announced the discovery of another field of light oil.
oil + NOUN
oil prices
The increase in oil prices has prompted warnings of a global recession.
the oil industry
He works in in the oil industry.
an oil company
YPF was the state oil company in Argentina.
an oil producer (=a country which produces oil)
The Soviet Union is the world's largest oil producer.
an oil refinery (=a place where oil is treated by an industrial process)
an oil refinery in Perth
oil production
a fall in US oil production
an oil spill (=situation in which oil comes out of a ship or other container into the sea)
a terrible oil spill near the Shetland Islands
an oil crisis (=situation in which there is not enough oil, and the price of oil is very high)
The world is facing an oil crisis.
an oil rig (=structure on land or in the sea with equipment for getting oil out of the ground)
an oil rig in the North Sea
Examples from the Corpus
oil• Oil prices have dropped significantly since May.• an oil-burning heating system• The hot oil from the vats goes to a copper cooler.• This level of imported oil could thus be displaced by the combined use of domestic gas and coal.• Known oil reserves are enough to last for 40 years, natural gas for over 65 years and coal for 250 years.• No major oil company has agreed yet to blend the product into its gasoline.• olive oil• First fry the chicken in a little peanut oil.• You really should get the oil in your car changed more regularly.• So, the star of the group was the oil division, which saw operating profit from continuing operations up 40%.• Meanwhile world oil demand is rising steadily at around 2 percent a year.
oil refinery• When oil was first imported this was the place chosen for an oil refinery.• Some years before lie had resigned from the forces for their sakes and was personnel manager of an oil refinery in Perth.• Her father was an oil refinery worker until she was nine.• The Amerada Hess Corporation oil refinery, with a capacity of 545,000 barrels per day, was also severely damaged.• The new facility abuts tract homes and a defunct oil refinery.• The plant will produce electrical power from oil refinery residues.• By June 29 a further solidarity strike had halted production at the country's only oil refinery.• Like many other West Lothian settlements, the village grew around a shale oil refinery.
olive/vegetable/sunflower etc oil• She wants to make her own flavored olive oil with garlic to use for cooking, salad dressings and such.• Salads, most of which are finished with good olive oil and balsamic vinegar, are well executed, too.• Add a little more olive oil if it is not supple enough.• Set on greased cookie sheet or pizza pan and brush on olive oil.• Pour 2 tablespoons olive oil into a small frying pan.• They discovered the olive oil we had left behind and they took all our olive oil machines.• With the fish in a large casserole, slowly add warm olive oil and garlic from one pot and cream from another.
Related topics: Daily life, Technology
oil2 verb [transitiveT]  
1  DTto put oil onto part of a machine or part of something that moves, to help it to move or work more smoothly 加油于…；给…加润滑油
 The bicycle chain needs oiling.
自行车链条需要上油了。
2  to put oil or cream onto your skin, for example to protect you from the sun 〔给皮肤〕涂油，抹油
 I asked Simon to oil my back for me.
我让西蒙帮我在背上抹油。
3. oil the wheels British EnglishBrEHELP to help something to be done in business or politics successfully and easily 使〔某事〕顺利进行
Examples from the Corpus
oil the wheels• Normally Paul would have been circulating with the best of them, oiling the wheels.• Credit was the solvent that oiled the wheels of many other retailers' businesses.• Gossiping, after all, is an important trade that oils the wheels of other people's industry.• A certain level of corruption is tolerated as part of the grease that oils the wheels of the republic.
Examples from the Corpus
oil• Then, the top of the urn gave way and unscrewed as if it had been oiled.• When he had finished he thanked her kindly and oiled himself thoroughly with his jewelled oil-can, to guard against mishap.• I need to oil the hinges on this door.• Credit was the solvent that oiled the wheels of many other retailers' businesses.• Back stage was like the Costa Brava: everyone oiling themselves and each other.• But once he gets his hands all oiled up, he's a whizz at refreshing your players' tired muscles.
Origin oil1
(1100-1200) Old French oile, from Latin oleum “olive oil”, from Greek elaia “olive”
oil1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1oil2 verb
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