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Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

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Related topics: Daily life, Clothes, Plants, Food, Geography, Toys

top1 /tɒp $ tɑːp/ S1 W1 noun [countableC]

1 highest part 最高部分TOP the highest part of something 顶部，顶端，上端 OPP bottom

top of

The tops of the mountains were still covered with snow.

山顶依然为白雪覆盖。

She could only just see over the tops of their heads.

她从他们的头顶上望过去，勉强才能看到。

at the top (of something)

He was standing at the top of the stairs.

他站在楼梯顶端。

We’ll sit down once we’re at the top.

我们一到顶上就会坐下。

Write your name at the top of the page.

在页面的上端写下你的名字。

to the top (of something)

Stop and wait for us when you get to the top of the slope.

你到坡顶时停下来等等我们。

I filled the glass right to the top.

我把玻璃杯倒得满满的。

The book I wanted was at the very top of the pile.

我想要的书在这摞书的最上面。

cliff top/mountaintop/hilltop/treetop

We could just see the white cliff tops in the distance.

远处白色的崖顶依稀可见。

2 upper surface 上表面SURFACE the flat upper surface of an object 〔物体的〕上面

a low wooden table with a glass top

玻璃桌面的矮木桌

top of

We walked along the top of the ancient city walls.

我们在古城墙上行走。

on (the) top of something

She put the papers down on the top of the piano.

她把文件放在钢琴顶上。

Her fingers drummed on the table top.

她的手指叩击着桌面。

3 BEST POSITION 最佳位置the top BESTthe best, most successful, or most important position in an organization, company, or profession 〔机构、公司、行业等中的〕最好位置，最重要的职位，最高位 OPP bottom

the top of

He has reached the top of his profession.

他已经到达他那行业的顶峰。

at the top (of something)

It’s the people at the top who make the decisions.

作出决策的是高层的那些人。

to the top (of something)

All young footballers dream of making it to the top.

所有年轻的足球运动员都梦想能够出人头地。

the groups that are currently at the top of the tree (=the highest position in a profession) in the pop world

目前流行乐坛最顶尖的组合

Examples from the Corpus

the top• She became a CEO at 37, making it to the top quicker than anyone imagined.

4 cover 盖子D something that you put on or over an object to cover it, protect it, or prevent liquid coming out of it 〔笔〕帽；〔瓶〕盖

I can’t get the top off the jar.

我拧不开罐子的盖儿。

You’ve left the top off the toothpaste again!

你又没有盖上牙膏的盖子！

Can you put the top back on the bottle when you’ve finished with it?

你用完以后把瓶盖盖回去好吗？

bottle top/pen top etc

Has anyone seen my pen top?

有人看到我的钢笔帽了吗？

→4 See picture of 见图 LID

5 clothes 衣服DCC a piece of clothing that you wear on the upper part of your body 上衣，上装

6 be (at the) top of the list/agenda IMPORTANTsomething that is at the top of a list will be dealt with or discussed first 是清单上/议事日程上首先要处理[讨论]的事情

Examples from the Corpus

be (at the) top of the list/agenda• Improving education is at the top of the mayor's agenda.

7 on top

Examples from the Corpus

on top• On top of the cupboard was an old trunk, covered in dust.• She brought me an enormous dish of ice cream with a bright red cherry on top.• My hair's too long on top.• Sprinkle some Parmesan on top and grill.• The church stood on top of a hill.• Dallas was on top by 15 points at halftime.

8 on top of something

Examples from the Corpus

on top of something• The weight of the air on top of the paper held it down with so much pressure that the stick broke.• The charge came on top of $ 200 million the firm already set aside in July.• They laid the mattress over her, then piled pillows and coats on top of that.• Then spread the cream cheese-nut filling on top of the honey-butter.• Allen slipped and fell and was stabbed three times in his left shoulder and once on top of his head.• Then they were lying against each other, on top of each other, inside each other.• Human beings are the same: they're piled on top of one another.• Dry-fry the bacon, onion and mushrooms, then place on top of the cauliflower.

9 one on top of the other (also on top of one another) in a pile 一个一个摞成堆地

Examples from the Corpus

one on top of the other• The flour-dusted man with the two coats, one on top of the other, ran a grocery store.• Banana trees dropped their rotting fruit, which lay one on top of the other, dying in layers.• He taught Callie that when she added, she should stack the numbers one on top of the other.• Soon our hands are together, perhaps one on top of the other, pointing to the words.• There were books piled on three shelves, one on top of the other.

10 on top of somebody if something dangerous or threatening is on top of you, it is very near you 〔危险或威胁〕非常接近某人，逼近某人

Examples from the Corpus

on top of somebody• The weight of the air on top of the paper held it down with so much pressure that the stick broke.• The charge came on top of $ 200 million the firm already set aside in July.• They laid the mattress over her, then piled pillows and coats on top of that.• Then spread the cream cheese-nut filling on top of the honey-butter.• Allen slipped and fell and was stabbed three times in his left shoulder and once on top of his head.• Then they were lying against each other, on top of each other, inside each other.• Human beings are the same: they're piled on top of one another.• Dry-fry the bacon, onion and mushrooms, then place on top of the cauliflower.

11 get on top of somebody SAD/UNHAPPYif your work or a problem gets on top of you, it begins to make you feel unhappy and upset 〔工作、问题等〕压得人受不了

12 come out on top WINto win a difficult struggle or argument, especially one that has continued for a long time 〔尤指经过长期的艰苦斗争或争论后〕胜出，获胜

Examples from the Corpus

come out on top• In all action movies, the hero always comes out on top.• While Gladiator came out on top, the contest was far from a shoo-in.• But Tsongas turned those views around when he came out on top, beating rival Clinton in the New Hampshire primary.• In a survey of customer preference, one model came consistently out on top.• You could sum up the event by saying a batch of first-time nominees came out on top this year.• Usually the team with the most talent comes out on top.• Both individuals should feel they come out on top.• Anthony Courtney's warnings welled up again, coupled with a new determination to come out on top.• Yet, if they are in one, most men want to come out on top.• The hero or heroine must ultimately come out on top.• But WindowWorks comes out on top.

13 on top of the world informalHAPPY extremely happy 极其高兴的

Examples from the Corpus

on top of the world• In the spring of 1995, Astros first baseman Jeff Bagwell appeared to be on top of the world.• After winning the batting title, Bagwell appeared to be on top of the world.• We are just sitting on top of the world.• Standing there, on top of the world, my tiredness vanished.• We were, for a time, on top of the world.• Noa was on top of the world.

14 plant 植物HBPDF the part of a fruit or vegetable where it was attached to the plant, or the leaves of a plant whose root you can eat 〔植物的〕顶梢部分；〔根部可食用的植物的〕叶子

15 street/field etc 街道/田地等SGFAR the part of the street or of a piece of land that is the furthest away from you 最远处，末端，尽头

16. the top of the milk British EnglishBrEDFD the cream that rises to the top of a bottle of milk 〔瓶装牛奶最上面的〕顶层乳

17. the top of the table DHFSITthe part of a long dinner table where the most important people sit 〔长餐桌上地位最高者坐的〕餐桌首席，上席，上座

Examples from the Corpus

the top of the table• Sir John eased himself into his great chair at the top of the table and gloomily reflected on the past.• Llanidloes beat the rain and a determined Cound side by four wickets to move clear at the top of the table.• In the top of the table clash, Wroxham defeated Wisbech 1-0 in front of the largest League crowd of the season, 1,011.• Malik's brilliant form took him to the top of the table for the tour with a total of 1,184 runs.

18 off the top of your head informalIMMEDIATELYTHINK ABOUT if you say something off the top of your head, you say it immediately, without thinking carefully about it or checking the facts 立即，马上，不假思索地〔回答问题或提供信息〕

Examples from the Corpus

off the top of your head• It was all off the top of my head.• ""How old is Chris?" "I don't know off the top of my head."• In my imagination, I can lift off the top of my head, just like a lid.• There are some good restaurants around here, but I can't tell you their names off the top of my head.• "Do you remember her name?" "Not off the top of my head."• I keep doing stuff off the top of my head.• "How much is the house worth?" "Off the top of my head, I'd say it's worth maybe $160,000."

19 sing/shout at the top of your voice LOUD/NOISYto sing or shout as loudly as you can 放开嗓子唱歌/叫喊

20. be at the top of your game (also be on top of your game) to be doing your job, especially playing a sport, very well 最佳发挥〔尤指体育运动〕

21 from the top spokenBEGINNING an expression meaning from the beginning, used especially in the theatre 从头，从最开始〔尤为戏剧用语〕

Examples from the Corpus

from the top• I was going to come charging down from the top of a sand-hill.• Cut a slot in each tube l of the way down from the top of 0 the tube. 2.• Does this shrill din really emanate from the top Praga Khan and Jade 4U?• Therefore, I had no doubt the right kinds of overarching principles were flowing from the top of the Honda hierarchy.• Before you put the cake in the oven, measure how far the mixture is from the top of the pan.• All right. Once more from the top. Action!• The missile has been thrown from the top of a cemetery wall.

22 from top to bottom COMPLETEif you clean or search somewhere from top to bottom, you do it very thoroughly 彻底地〔清扫、寻找等〕

Examples from the Corpus

from top to bottom• Sassenach was created, the great buttress climbed, as it should be, direct from top to bottom.• Example 4 is a great lick for covering the whole fretboard from top to bottom.• And we searched it from top to bottom.• He was immense, though still lodged from top to bottom within me.• Keep turning the carrot slightly and repeat the motion from top to bottom until you have removed all the peel.• They can just be people who believe they ought to reshape society from top to bottom.• The lineup appears to be strong from top to bottom, but all the players know Bagwell is the key component.• Kirov took only a few more minutes to search the small studio from top to bottom.

23 from top to toe COMPLETEif a person is dressed or covered in something from top to toe, they are completely dressed or covered in it 从头到脚，浑身上下〔指穿衣服或被覆盖〕

Examples from the Corpus

from top to toe• But John and Veronica Saunders still make time to decorate their home from top to toe.• When the body was naked, it was X-rayed from top to toe.

24 the top and bottom of it British EnglishBrE spokenMEANING the general result or meaning of a situation, expressed in a few words 〔用几句话概括的某情况的〕结果，实质

25 not have much up top British EnglishBrE spokenSTUPID/NOT INTELLIGENT to be not very intelligent 不怎么精明，没什么头脑

26. toy 玩具DHT a child’s toy that spins around on its point when you twist it 陀螺

27 spin like a top TURNto spin or turn round very quickly 很快地转动

Examples from the Corpus

spin like a top• Obviously, any knock could send her mind spinning like a top.• And then the Alouette was spinning like a top and curving off over the Aegean.

528 tops spoken used after a number to say that it is the highest possible amount of money you will get【口语】〔用于款额后〕最高数目

Examples from the Corpus

top• a dressing-table with a glass top• The skirt comes with a matching top.• There are two styles to choose from: the traditional apex, shown here, and the flat pergola top.• Boyd nervously tapped his pencil on the table top.• When you paint, you should start at the top and work your way down.• There's a wonderful view from the top of the tower.• This jewellery box would be worth a lot of money if the top wasn't chipped.• She looked at him over the top of her cup.• Put the top back on the bottle when you're finished.• Cut the pineapples lengthwise, without removing the tops.• We got the Christmas tree home by tying it to the top of the car.• It's a long, but not hard, way to the top.• The elevator will take you all the way to the top.• The top of the mountain is covered with snow.• The top of the piano was covered with a lace cloth.• The tops of the trees swayed in the breeze.

top of• Stong's intellect and drive helped him reach the top of his profession.

on (the) top of something• Place a book on top of the bags.• And by the April after that there will be speed cameras on top of other speed cameras.• He just stopped the car on the top of a small hill, for they were right out in the country now.• She was lying on top of him.• Then the teacher put the newspaper on top of the stick, smoothed down the paper and hit the stick.• Spoon out excess fat from the roasting pan, and put the pan on top of the stove.• Subtlety and suppleness, on top of strength and speed.• Then, on top of the craziness and alleged corruption, populist Bucaram last month announced an economic austerity program.

top2 S1 W1 adjectiveadj

1 highest 最高的TOP [only before noun] nearest to the top of something 顶端的；最高的 OPP bottom

2 best 最佳的BEST [usually before noun] best or most successful 最佳的，最好的；最成功的

3 winning 获胜的 winning in a game or competition 〔在游戏或比赛中〕获胜的

4 top left/right/centre TCNexpressions meaning the picture at the top of a page on the left or right or in the centre, used in magazines and newspapers 左上/右上/上图〔指报纸杂志等图片在页面上的位置〕

Examples from the Corpus

top left/right/centre• Here we want the Series in a column so check Columns in the box at the top left.• The completed board is shown top left.• The majority of single brooches examined were found to be more abraded on the top left corner than the top right.• The file was a standard office file with a Prior, Keen, Baldwin label stuck in the top right corner.• The dark area in the top right is deep, clear water.• Using a tapestry needle threaded with the embroidery colour, begin at the top right of the motif.• A slightly larger percentage of pairs of brooches were more abraded on the top right than the top left corner.• The plane again runs roughly from top left to bottom right.

5 top speed FAST/QUICKthe fastest speed a vehicle can move at 〔交通工具的〕最高速，全速

Examples from the Corpus

top speed• He gunned the Budgie, and headed past the truck at top speed.• Now everything seemed to happen at top speed.• The cutters were then ordered by a signal flashed from the clifftops to close in at top speed.• Voice over Sarajevo Airport; and the Hercules is unloaded at top speed.• The man she suspected of stealing her purse was running at top speed along the subway platform and up the stairs.• Then, he put the problems down to a lack of top speed compared to other machines in the series.• Gilfil gallops twenty miles at top speed, his hopes renewed, but he finds her listless and unseeing.• The ferry's top speed is 25 mph.• Then at top speed she raced for the keeper's cottage.

6 top priority the thing that you think is most important 需要优先考虑的事，当务之急

Examples from the Corpus

top priority• Mr Hattersley, in Darlington to meet Labour's northern candidates, said he would make extra police manpower a top priority.• Safety will be a top priority.• To keep campaign pledges to make education his top priority, Clinton wants two new middle-class tax breaks for college tuition.• This was and remains a top priority for all businesses.• Disability aside, one of her top priorities is to be a role model and mentor to aspiring radiologists.• President Clinton has deemed education the top priority of his second term, and his budget reflects it.• At that time both parties were clearly giving top priority to defence.• And he showed he means to make goals a top priority with the £400,000 move for Rangers livewire front man Spencer.

7 good 好的 British EnglishBrE spoken informal very good 好的

8. top copy British EnglishBrETCN a letter or document from which copies can be made 〔书面材料的〕正本

Examples from the Corpus

top copy• He carefully writes out a form and Rachel gets the top copy.• The top copy is detached and sent to the firm's local tax inspector.• The top copy of the check is handed into the kitchen or bar for the order to be taken.

Examples from the Corpus

top• Sue is in the top 10% of her class.• In addition, a listing is given of the companies in the top 50 of the Index which have offended in each category.• Miss Vesta Tilley is the top act.• Put the papers in the top drawer of the filing cabinet.• My keys are in the top drawer.• a top fashion designer• She doubted she would be quick enough to retreat to the top floor if that happened.• We moved into an apartment on the top floor of the building.• He is definitely one of the world's top golfers.• But others say a top job here is more likely.• The President met with top Korean businessmen.• the top left-hand corner of the page• On leaving office he argued that the top level of the civil service needed an injection of fresh blood.• You have some peanut butter on your top lip.• The prize is to have your hair done at a top New York salon.• The top price paid was $1,200,000 for a print by Degas.• top quality beef• Spare house and garage keys in the top right hand drawer of Charles's desk.• Carlson is our top salesman.• The books are on the top shelf.• It narrowly beat much bigger rival and fellow supermarkets group J Sainsbury to the top slot, and outshone Tesco.• It's Hyundai's fastest car yet, with a top speed of 121 mph.

top floor• The maids' bathroom and water closet is on the top floor by the linen room.• The top floor directly overhead had been abandoned for years.• The basement of the house had sustained heavy damage and part of the ceiling on the top floor had collapsed.• The party residence was on the top floor of a private house on Tinton.• Take the apartment, up on the top floor of a smelly tenement on Prospect Avenue.• On the top floor the bedrooms had pretty sloping ceilings and dormer windows peering out under eyelid gables.• I knew that the top floor was vacant.

top3 verb (topped, topping) [transitiveT]

1 be higher 更高HIGHMORE THAN something OR somebody ELSE to be higher than a particular amount 〔数量〕高于，超过

2 be most successful 是最成功的 to be in the highest position in a list because you are the most successful 居于…之首，处于最高位置

3 do better 做得更好BETTER if you top something, you do something that is better than it 优于，胜过，盖过

4 top an offer/a bid etc MORE THAN A NUMBER OR AMOUNTto offer more money than someone else 超过某一报价/出价等

5 be topped by something ON/ON TOP OFto have something on top 顶上有某物

Examples from the Corpus

be topped by something• It is topped by a cone.• The High Altar is topped by a copper St Nicholas surrounded by putti.• The light purple flanks of the fish are topped by a golden streak dappled with red and purple.• His spare middle-aged frame is topped by a large head with sallow cheeks, thin lips, and receding chin.• It is topped by a wind-blown crust that almost holds our weight as we descend.• We were topped by ballerinas dressed as bumblebees.

6 be topped (off) with something if food is topped with something, it has that thing on it or over the top of it 〔指食物〕上面盖了一层某物

Examples from the Corpus

be topped (off) with something• Even the boldly striped mooring posts were topped with a dollop of white, rather like gaudy Cornetto ice-creams.• The compost is topped with a layer of pea gravel.• And the full bellows tongue is topped with Cambrelle covered padding.• Eaten raw in salads, it becomes more interesting if it is topped with herbs and a good quality olive oil.• The wall was topped with rolls of barbed wire and jagged ends of glass stuck into the eight-foot concrete slabs.

7 to top it all spokenAND/ALSO in addition to other bad things that have happened to you 更有甚者，更糟糕的是

Examples from the Corpus

to top it all• And, to top it all, Holder's doctor informed him he can spend Christmas Day at home with his family.• And to top it all, it has pledged to maintain high employment and an annual economic growth rate of 1.9 percent.• And to top it all off, he was gorgeous.• And to top it all, there were tax cuts too.• Then to top it all, two of Mary's friends squeezed in with several more parcels.• As if to top it all, we had a small fire at the clinic.• It was the Stones' daunting task, well after midnight, to top it all with a half-dozen songs.

8 top that spoken used when you are asking someone if they have done something more exciting or successful than you 你有这样的好事吗

Examples from the Corpus

top that• I work 90 hours a week - top that!• But Pittsburgh drew 50,000, and the game with the 49ers' is expected to top that.• If the mixture is stirred vigorously, the tin particles form a froth on the top that can be scraped off.• It's what's up top that counts.• It's the fleecy top that has really revolutionised outdoor gear.• DIlAYdl n. A top that is used in a game played during the celebration of CHANike.• Can the funds top that this month?• Obviously I couldn't wear tops that were short which would show where the belt was, so that summer was terrible.

9. top and tail British EnglishBrEDFC to cut the top and bottom off a piece of fruit or a vegetable 去掉〔水果或蔬菜〕的两头

Examples from the Corpus

top and tail• Lengthier ones such as those in support of specific discovery are not suited and the standard part becomes little more than the top and tail.• There will be four engines in operation with two trains to push, pull, top and tail, and double-head.• Peel off the tough outer skin of the silk squash, or top and tail the courgettes.• There is no need to top and tail them.

10. top yourself British EnglishBrE informalKILL to kill yourself deliberately 自杀

Examples from the Corpus

top yourself• Silent Scream attempts to do the same for Larry Winters, a Glaswegian murderer who waxed poetic behind bars before topping himself.• Alas, I felt the need to top myself each time out.

11 reach the top 达到顶点 literaryTOP if you top a hill, you reach the top of it 到达…的顶部

12 top something ↔ off phrasal verbphr v COMPLETEto complete something successfully by doing one last thing 圆满地结束〔某事〕

Examples from the Corpus

top off• Needless to say, the top subsequently shoots off.• To top it all off, a girl wants to join the band!• And to top it all off, he was gorgeous.• Then the wind rose again and plucked his top hat off his head and sent it bowling among the stones.• To top this off, they cake on makeup like plaster on a sheet of drywall.• At the same time I think some people are going well over the top in slagging off Wilko.• But topping the sandwich off with enough shredded lettuce to make Cesar Chavez spin in his grave is not.• Then the carrier top will slip off your head and crash down and crush your wrists.

13 top out phrasal verbphr v HIGHif something such as a price that is increasing tops out, it reaches its highest point and stops rising 〔价格等〕到达最高点，上升到顶点

14 top something/somebody ↔ up phrasal verbphr v especially British EnglishBrE → top-up

Examples from the Corpus

top up• The eggplant on top was curled up.• On the eighteenth day a cloudy mountain top arose up across the sea.• Here the bamboos of the top layer jostled up and down against one another as each wave rolled underneath them.• Instead he found a thin glass and poured what was in the mug into it and topped it up from the pumps.• Most often, the top covers up its bind in the name of keeping up good relationships.• They can stop paying into their company top - up plans, but there is little point in calling Equitable for advice.• Results claim to last 12 - 18 months - a top - up treatment is included in the course, it necessary.• The top end finishes up with the three-over-two layout of Gotoh black chrome machines.

Examples from the Corpus

top• Griffin estimated the toll exceeds $ 10 million and could top $ 100 million.• U.S. wine exports have already topped $51 million this year.• Jez should top her with a chopper.• To top it off, no effort was made to go after these guys.• The appearance of Comet Hale-Bopp topped that of Comet Hyakutake.• All Saints topped the chart with Pure Shores, closely followed by two artists who played live in Ireland last year.• After two days of climbing, we finally topped the peak.• As dawn began to lighten the sky they topped the rise of another mist-shrouded valley and began to descend the other side.• Experts say the recession is to blame for the rise in office crime as workers try to top up their income.• Fiercely tart, this dessert is a massive wedge of creamy pie topped with a puff of lighter-than-air meringue.• An evening meal began promisingly with a bruschetta topped with chopped spinach, sun-dried tomatoes, pesto and feta cheese.

topped ... charts• And their last two singles topped the charts.• But it didn't end there: shortly afterwards, her album topped the charts and went on to sell 100,000 copies.• Technology aside, Boston topped the charts for the game with a 10. 8 rating.• In 1986 West End Girls topped the charts for two weeks and other hits quickly followed.

From Longman Business Dictionary

toptop1 /tɒptɑːp/ adjectiveadj [only before a noun]

1at the highest level

The top rate of income tax has been cut sharply.

the pay of top executives

She spent five years in the top job.

He is among the top 5% of earners in this country.

2biggest or most successful

the top 100 companies in the UK

3best

We sell only top-quality goods.

toptop2 verb (topped, topping) [transitiveT]