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TOEFL BNC: 1307 COCA: 1282
prison noun
⇨ prison (in prison) ⇨ send sb to prison ⇨ jail verb prison

noun

prison ♦︎ jail ♦︎ camp ♦︎ detention centre ♦︎ penitentiary ♦︎ jailhouse ♦︎ correctional facilityThese are all words for a building where people are kept and prevented from leaving. 这些词均表示监狱、看守所。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in prison / jail◆in a prison / jail / camp / detention centre / penitentiary / jailhouse / correctional facility◆a local prison / jail / correctional facility◆a juvenile prison / jail / detention centre / correctional facility◆a women's prison / jail / correctional facility◆to go to / be sent to / be released from / get out of prison / jail◆a prison / jail sentence / term■ prison [countable, uncountable] a large building or group of buildings where people are kept and prevented from leaving, either as a punishment for a crime they have committed or while they are waiting for trial 监狱；牢狱；看守所◆He was sent to prison for five years.他被关押了五年。◆Since 1990, the US prison population (= the total number of prisoners in a country) has almost doubled.自1990年，美国在押人数几乎翻了一番。◆ (especially BrE) Ten prison officers and three inmates needed hospital treatment following the riot.骚乱之后，十名狱警和三名囚犯须入院治疗。◆ (NAmE) prison guards监狱看守  see also imprison , send sb to prison ⇨ jail verb ■ jail (BrE also gaol) dʒeɪl [uncountable, countable] a prison, especially a small or local prison （尤指小型或地方的）监狱◆He will be freed from jail automatically after serving half the term.他将于刑期服满一半后自动获释。◆Woman faces jail for animal cruelty (= newspaper headline).一名女子因虐待动物或遭监禁。   see also jail ⇨ jail verb NOTE 辨析 Prison or jail?In British English there is very little difference between these words. Prison is also used to talk about the system of keeping people in prisons, as well as the building or institution itself. 在英式英语中，这两个词差别极小。prison除了表示监狱建筑或机构，还表示监狱体系◆the prison service / system监狱部门／体系◆the jail service/system In the US a prison is usually a place where people are sent for a long time after they have been found guilty of a crime. A jail is usually a place where people are locked up for a short time, especially until it can be decided what should be done with them next. 在美国，prison通常指罪犯被定罪之后长期服刑的地方，jail通常指临时性关押地，尤其是尚未决定接下来如何处置拘留者时◆He was held overnight at the county jail.他被羁押在县看守所过夜。 Jails are usually smaller than prisons and are usually operated by the local county; prisons are larger and are operated by the state or the US government. However, the terms in prison and in jail are used in exactly the same way. * jail通常比prison规模小，且通常由县级地方政府管理；prison较大，由州政府或美国政府管理。但是in prison和in jail用法完全相同。 ■ camp [countable] (used in compounds 用于复合词) a place where people are kept in huts or tents, especially by a government and often for long periods （尤指政府用作长期安置的）营房，营帐◆Nearly a year after the disaster, many people are still living in refugee camps.灾难过去近一年了，许多人仍然居住在难民营。◆He spent the rest of the war in a prison camp.他在战俘营一直待到战争结束。◆Concentration camps were first used during the Boer War.集中营是在布尔战争期间首次出现的。■ deˈtention centre (BrE) (NAmE deˈtention center) [countable] a prison for young people 少年管教所◆The Juvenile Detention Center is where juveniles are held while awaiting their Juvenile Court hearing.少年管教所是等候少年法庭受理期间少年犯被关押的地方。■ penitentiary ˌpenɪˈtenʃəri [countable] (NAmE) a large prison in the US, especially one for people who have committed serious crimes （美国尤用于关押重犯的大型）监狱◆The execution was carried out at the state penitentiary in Fort Madison.是在麦迪逊堡的州监狱中执行的处决。■ jailhouse ˈdʒeɪlhaʊs [countable] (NAmE) a small local prison, especially in the past （尤指过去的）地方小型监狱◆The jailhouse housed the sheriff and his family as well as the prisoners.这间监狱住着县治安官、他的家人以及囚犯。ⓘ Jailhouse is sometimes used as a less formal word for prison in compounds, and in journalism. * jailhouse有时可以代替prison构成复合词，用于不太正式的场合和新闻报道◆He became something of a jailhouse lawyer (= a prisoner who knows a lot about the law).他差不多成了一名狱中律师。◆Two prisoners die in jailhouse fire (= newspaper headline).两囚犯死于狱中大火。 ■ corˈrectional facility [countable] (especially NAmE, rather formal) a prison or other institution that is intended to improve people's behaviour, usually by punishing them 监狱；劳改所◆The court must decide whether the child should be placed in a correctional facility.法庭必须裁定是否应该把这个孩子关进劳改所。

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