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IELTS BNC: 931 COCA: 775

disease

Word family 
Related topics: Illness & disability, Sociology
dis·ease /dɪˈziːz/ ●●● S3 W1 noun  
1  [countableC, uncountableU]MI an illness which affects a person, animal, or plant 疾病，病
disease of
 She suffers from a rare disease of the brain.
她患上了一种罕见的脑病。
 His father died of heart disease.
他父亲死于心脏病。
 She contracted the disease while she was abroad on holiday.
她在国外度假时染上了这种疾病。
► see thesaurus at illness
2  [countableC]MISS something that is seriously wrong with society or with someone’s mind, behaviour etc 〔社会的〕严重弊病；〔某人精神、行为等的〕病态，恶疾
 Loneliness is a disease of our urban communities.
孤独是我们都市人群的一种通病。
—diseased adjectiveadj
 diseased muscles
病变的肌肉
 a diseased plant
患病害的植物
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
have a disease 生病
How long have you had the disease?
你得这个病多久了？
suffer from a disease 患病
About three million people suffer from the disease.
约300万人患有这种病。
catch/get a disease (also contract a disease formal) 染病
He caught the disease while travelling in Africa.
他在非洲旅行时染上了此病。
develop a disease 患病
A few years ago, she developed a serious lung disease.
几年前,她患上了严重的肺病。
pass on a disease (also transmit a disease formal) 传染疾病
They may pass the disease on to their children.
他们可能会把病传给自己的孩子。
cause a disease 引起疾病
Smoking is probably the major factor causing heart disease.
吸烟很可能是诱发心脏病的主要因素。
prevent a disease 预防疾病
nIt has been claimed that fibre in the diet could help prevent many serious diseases.
treat a disease 治疗疾病
nThe disease can be treated with antibiotics.
cure a disease 治愈疾病
nThe plant was believed to cure diseases in humans and cattle.
fight (a) disease (=try to stop it continuing) 与疾病抗争
nSome bacteria help the human body fight disease.
a disease spreads 疾病蔓延
nThe government have no idea how far the disease has spread.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + disease
common 常见的
common childhood diseases
常见的儿童疾病
rare 罕见的
She suffers from a rare bone disease.
她患有一种罕见的骨病。
serious 严重的
vaccines against serious diseases like hepatitis and meningitis
预防肝炎、脑膜炎等严重疾病的疫苗
fatal/deadly (=that causes death) 致命的
If left untreated, the disease can be fatal.
不治疗的话,这种疾病会致命。
nThousands of children are struck down by this deadly disease every year.
incurable (=that cannot be cured) 无法治愈的
Diseases that were once thought incurable can be treated with antibiotics.
曾被认为无法治愈的疾病可以用抗生素治疗。
infectious/contagious (=that spreads quickly from one person to another) 传染性的
The disease is highly contagious.
这种病的传染性很强。
a skin/brain/lung etc disease 皮肤/脑部/肺部等疾病
The fumes have caused skin diseases among the villagers.
烟气导致村民患上皮肤病。
heart/liver/kidney disease 心脏病/肝病/肾病
He is being treated for kidney disease.
他正在接受肾病治疗。
a hereditary/inherited disease (=that is passed from parent to child) 遗传病
nParents are offered screening for some hereditary diseases.
a sexually-transmitted disease (=that is spread by having sex) 性传播疾病
nThere was a worrying rise in the number of sexually-transmitted diseases.
na degenerative disease (=that gradually gets worse)
She was suffering from a degenerative disease that confined her to a wheelchair.
na chronic disease (=continuing for a long time and not possible to cure)
Chronic disease is sometimes seen as an inevitable part of being old.
phrases
a cure for a disease 疾病的疗法
There is no known cure for this disease.
这种疾病还没有已知的疗法。
an outbreak of a disease (=when a disease appears in a number of people or animals) 疾病的爆发
There has been an outbreak of the disease in Wales.
这种病已在威尔士爆发。
the spread of a disease 疾病的蔓延
Knowing the facts about AIDS can prevent the spread of the disease.
了解艾滋病可以防止其蔓延。
the symptoms of a disease (=physical signs that someone has a disease) 疾病的症状
nTo begin with, there are often no symptoms of the disease.
Examples from the Corpus
disease• The mental, emotional and other consequences are similar for all addictive disease.• Thousands of people in this area are dying from hunger and disease.• Freedom from internal bruising, disease, cracking and greening. 5.• Childhood diseases such as measles and chickenpox are highly contagious.• Malaria is still a common disease in West Africa and is often fatal.• We are bitten by mites and ticks, some of which carry dangerous diseases, and by fleas.• Diverticular disease is a condition of the bowel caused by abnormal activity of the bowel wall when your diet contains insufficient fibre.• Fat control is still very important for reducing risks for heart disease, some cancers and obesity.• Smoking is a major cause of heart disease.• Travellers to India are advised to get vaccinated against infectious diseases such as typhoid before they go.• She suffers from a rare disease of the nervous system.• Six Crohn's disease cultures and a single non-inflammatory bowel disease control were positive for M paratuberculosis.• Nationalism can be a serious disease.• Anyone can catch the disease -- not just homosexual men or drug addicts.• Whether the abandoned innards, which are consumed by coyotes and ravens, harbor the disease is hotly debated.• The most common symptoms of the disease are a high temperature and spots all over the body.• Many had been lost through disease or in the floods or to thieves.
Origin disease
(1300-1400) Old French desaise, from aise “relaxed feeling, comfort”
dis·ease noun →COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 931 COCA: 775
disease

noun

ADJECTIVE | ... OF DISEASE | VERB + DISEASE | DISEASE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤common常見疾病▸➤obscure, rare疑難怪症；罕見疾病▸➤dangerous, serious危險的／嚴重的疾病▸➤mild微恙▸➤acute, chronic, severe急性病；慢性病；危重病➤debilitating, degenerative衰竭性／退行性疾病▸➤deadly, fatal, incurable, killer, life-threatening, terminal致命的疾病；不治之症；絕症◇fears of a new killer disease對一種新型致命疾病的恐懼➤curable, treatable可治瘉的／能治療的疾病▸➤preventable可預防的疾病▸➤communicable, contagious, infectious傳染性疾病▸➤non-communicable非傳染性疾病▸➤congenital, genetic, hereditary, inherited先天性疾病；遺傳性疾病▸➤childhood兒童疾病◇childhood diseases such as mumps and chicken pox像流行性腮腺炎和水痘這樣的兒童疾病➤tropical熱帶疾病▸➤blood-borne, insect-borne, waterborne血源性／蟲媒／水媒疾病◇HIV and other blood-borne diseases艾滋病及其他血液傳染病➤occupational職業病▸➤bowel, heart, liver, etc.腸道疾病、心臟病、肝病等◇He suffered from coronary heart disease.他患有冠心病。➤cardiovascular, pulmonary, etc.心血管疾病、肺病等▸➤mental精神病▸➤sexually transmitted, social, venereal性傳播疾病；性病◇patients suffering from venereal diseases性病患者➤autoimmune, circulatory, respiratory, etc.自身免疫病、循環系統疾病、呼吸系統疾病等➤bacterial, viral細菌性／病毒性疾病▸➤Alzheimer's, Crohn's, Parkinson's, etc.阿爾茨海默病、克羅恩病、帕金森病等➤foot-and-mouth, hoof-and-mouth, mad cow, etc.口蹄疫、瘋牛病等➤Dutch elm荷蘭榆樹病... OF DISEASE➤outbreak疾病的爆發◇fears of an outbreak of the disease對該疾病爆發的恐懼VERB + DISEASE➤have, suffer from患有疾病◇He has a serious lung disease.他患有嚴重的肺病。➤catch, contract, develop, get感染疾病；染上疾病；患病；得病◇You can't catch the disease just from physical contact.僅僅是身體接觸不會染上這種病。◇She got a rare liver disease when she was only twenty.她年僅 20 歲時患上了一種罕見的肝病。➤die from, die of死於疾病◇Children are still dying in their millions from preventable diseases.仍有數以百萬計的兒童死於本可預防的疾病。➤cause引發疾病◇a disease caused by a vitamin deficiency缺乏維生素引起的疾病➤carry, pass on, spread, transmit傳播疾病；傳染疾病◇the ticks that carry the disease傳播疾病的壁虱◇Such unhygienic practices spread disease.這種不衞生的做法會傳播疾病。◇The disease is transmitted by mosquitoes.這種疾病是由蚊子傳播的。➤inherit遺傳疾病▸➤detect, diagnose發現／診斷疾病▸➤treat治療疾病▸➤combat, fight與疾病作鬥爭◇The government must take action to fight this deadly disease.政府必須採取措施與這種致命的疾病作鬥爭。➤control, manage控制疾病◇new drugs which help to control the disease有助於控制這種疾病的新藥➤cure治瘉疾病▸➤prevent預防疾病◇It's better to prevent disease by ensuring a clean water supply.更好的方法是通過確保供給潔淨水來預防疾病。➤eradicate, stamp out, wipe out根除／鏟除／消滅疾病◇The disease has been eradicated from the world.這種疾病已在全世界得到根除。DISEASE + VERB➤spread疾病傳播◇They want to stop the disease from spreading.他們想要阻止這種疾病傳播。➤affect sb, afflict sb, occur, strike sb使某人罹患疾病；疾病折磨某人；疾病發生；疾病侵襲某人➤develop, progress疾病發展▸➤kill sb疾病奪走某人的生命◇The disease has killed 500 people so far this year.迄今為止這種疾病今年已經奪走了 500 人的生命。PREPOSITION➤with a/the disease患病◇the number of people with this disease患這種病的人數➤disease in⋯方面的疾病◇Avian flu can cause severe disease in humans.禽流感可以在人類中引起嚴重的疾病。➤disease of⋯的疾病◇a disease of the digestive system消化系統的疾病PHRASES➤a cure for a disease疾病的治療方法▸➤the incidence of (a) disease發病率◇the overall incidence of disease in the world世界上總的疾病發生率➤a patient with a disease, sufferer from a disease患者◇Sufferers from Alzheimer's disease can't cope at home.阿爾茨海默病患者在家中生活無法自理。➤the progression of a disease疾病的發展◇Drugs can slow down the progression of the disease, but not cure it altogether.藥物可以延緩該病的進展，卻不能完全治瘉。➤resistance to disease抗病能力◇Tobacco lowers the body's resistance to disease.煙草會降低人體對疾病的抵抗能力。➤the risk of disease患病的風險◇the risk of coronary heart disease患冠心病的風險➤the spread of (a) disease疾病的傳播◇measures to prevent the spread of the disease防止疾病傳播的措施➤the symptoms of a disease疾病的症狀➤the treatment for a disease, the treatment of a disease疾病的治療  ➡ topic at illness
IELTS BNC: 931 COCA: 775
disease

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for illness 另见illness条disease ♦︎ illness ♦︎ disorder ♦︎ infection ♦︎ condition ♦︎ ailment ♦︎ bug ♦︎ complaint ♦︎ virus ♦︎ sicknessThese are all words for a medical problem. 这些词均表示疾病。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a serious / chronic disease / illness / disorder / infection / condition / ailment◆a minor disease / illness / disorder / infection / ailment◆a common / rare disease / illness / disorder / infection / condition / ailment / virus◆an infectious disease / illness / condition / virus◆a childhood disease / illness / disorder / infection / ailment◆to have / suffer from a disease / an illness / a disorder / an infection / a condition / an ailment / a bug / a complaint / a virus / sickness◆to cause a disease / an illness / a disorder / an infection / a condition / an ailment / sickness◆to catch / contract / get / pick up a disease / an illness / an infection / a bug / a virus◆to diagnose / treat a disease / an illness / a disorder / an infection / a condition / an ailment / a virus◆to cure a disease / an illness / a disorder / an infection / a condition / an ailment◆to recover from a disease / an illness / a disorder / an infection / a bug / a virus / a sickness◆to die from / of a disease / an illness / a disorder / an infection / a condition / a bug / a virus◆a disease / an illness / an infection / a virus / a sickness spreads■ disease [countable, uncountable] a medical problem affecting humans, animals or plants, often caused by infection （人类或动植物因感染而引起的）病，疾病◆He suffers from a rare blood disease.他患有一种罕见的血液病。◆The problem was finally diagnosed as heart disease.那个毛病最终诊断为心脏病。◆Measures have been taken to prevent the spread of disease.已经采取了措施预防疾病的传播。■ illness [countable] a medical problem, or a period of suffering from one 病；疾病；患病期◆Have you suffered from any serious illnesses in the past six months?在过去的六个月里你患过什么严重的疾病吗？◆He died after a long illness.他久病不愈而亡。  see also ill ⇨ sick 1 NOTE 辨析 Disease or illness? Disease is used to talk about more severe physical medical problems, especially those that affect the organs. Illness is used to talk about both more severe and more minor medical problems, and those that affect mental health. * disease指较为严重的身体疾病，尤指身体器官的病变；illness既可指较严重的疾病，也可指较轻微的疾病以及精神上的疾病◆heart / kidney / liver disease心脏病；肾病；肝病◆heart/kidney/liver illness ◆mental illness精神病◆mental disease Disease is not used about a period of illness. * disease不指患病期◆He died after a long disease. Illness also means 'the state of being ill'. * illness还可指生病的状态。  ➡ See also the entry for illness 另见illness条 ■ disorder [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) an illness that causes a part of the body to stop functioning correctly 失调；紊乱；不适◆This is a rare disorder of the liver.这是一种罕见的肝功能紊乱。◆Most people with acute mental disorder can be treated at home.大多数患急性精神紊乱的病人可以在家里接受治疗。ⓘ A disorder is usually not infectious. Disorder is used most frequently with words relating to mental problems. * disorder通常不具传染性，该词最常与有关精神疾病的词连用◆a / an psychiatric / personality / mental / depressive / eating disorder精神错乱；人格障碍；精神紊乱；抑郁症；进食失调When it is used to talk about physical problems, it is used most often with blood, bowel and kidney, and these are commonly serious, severe or rare. * disorder指身体疾病时最常与blood、bowel和kidney连用，而这些身体疾病多与serious、severe或rare搭配。 ■ infection [countable] an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus and that affects one part of the body 传染病；（身体某部位的）感染◆He's been off work with a throat infection.他因咽喉感染而歇班。◆Sneezing is the most common way of spreading an infection.打喷嚏是传染疾病的最常见途径。   see also infect ⇨ pass sth on ■ condition [countable] (rather formal) a medical problem that you have for a long time because it is not possible to cure it （因无法治愈而长期患有的）疾病◆Does your child have any kind of medical condition that we should know about?你的孩子患有我们应该知晓的长期疾病吗？◆He suffers from a serious heart condition.他患有严重的心脏病。■ ailment [countable] (rather formal) an illness that is not very serious 轻微疾病；微恙◆Below is a list of common childhood ailments.下面是一份儿童期常见轻微病症的清单。■ bug [countable] (informal) an infectious illness that is usually fairly mild 轻微传染病；小病◆There's a stomach bug going round (= people are catching it from each other).现在流行一种肠胃传染病。■ complaint [countable] (rather formal) an illness, especially one that is not serious, and often one that affects a particular part of the body （尤指不严重，常影响身体某部位的）疾病◆He suffers from a skin complaint called 'rosacea'.他患有一种叫红斑痤疮的皮肤病。■ virus ˈvaɪrəs [countable] (informal) a disease caused by a virus (= a living thing, too small to be seen without a microscope, that causes infectious disease) 病毒性疾病；病毒病◆There's a virus going around the office.办公室里流行一种病毒性疾病。ⓘ A more formal way of talking about a virus in this meaning is viral infection. 病毒性疾病更为正式的表达方式是viral infection（病毒性感染）。■ sickness [uncountable, countable, usually singular] (in compounds 构成复合词) a particular type of illness or disease ⋯病；⋯症◆Do you need any travel sickness tablets?你需要晕车药片吗？ⓘ Words that form compounds with sickness include altitude, morning, mountain, radiation and travel. 与sickness构成复合词的词有altitude、morning、mountain、radiation和travel。
IELTS BNC: 931 COCA: 775

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