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IELTS BNC: 342 COCA: 550

cost

Word family 
Related topics: Trade
cost1 /kɒst $ kɒːst/ ●●● S1 W1 noun  
1  [countableC]COST the amount of money that you have to pay in order to buy, do, or produce something 费用；成本
cost of
 the cost of accommodation
住宿费用
 I offered to pay the cost of the taxi.
我提出支付出租车费。
 Insurance to cover the cost of a funeral is possible.
可以用保险支付葬礼费用。
 This doesn’t include the cost of repairing the damage.
这不包括修理破损的费用。
 The new building’s going up at a cost of $82 million.
新大楼正以8,200万美元的造价拔地而起。
 low cost housing
低成本住宅
5 A cassette/radio is included at no extra cost .
附送一台卡式收录机。
 the high cost of production
很高的生产成本
n Travel insurance is included at no extra cost.
 The funds will just cover the museum’s running costs.
这些资金只够支付博物馆的运转费用。
→ cost of living
 Register
In everyday English, people usually ask how much did it cost? or how much was it? rather than using the noun cost: 在日常英语中，人们一般问how much did it cost? 或how much was it? 而不用名词cost
What was the cost of the accommodation? → How much did the accommodation cost?
膳宿费花了多少钱？ | I’ll find out the cost. → I’ll find out how much it costs/is. 我会了解清楚这要多少钱 。
2  costs [plural]
a) SPEND MONEYthe money that you must regularly spend in order to run a business, a home, a car etc 开支；花费；成本
reduce/cut costs
 We have to cut costs in order to remain competitive.
我们只得削减成本来保持竞争力。
 At this rate we’ll barely cover our costs (=make enough money to pay for the things we have bought).
照这样下去，我们只勉强够支付成本。
 the travel costs incurred in attending the meeting (=money you have to spend)
参加此次会议所产生的差旅费
 Because of the engine’s efficiency the car has very low running costs (=the cost of owning and using a car or machine).
由于引擎效能高，这辆汽车的养车费用很低。
b) (also court costs)SCT the money that you must pay to lawyers etc if you are involved in a legal case in court, especially if you are found guilty 诉讼费用
 Bellisario won the case and was awarded costs.
贝利萨里奥赢了官司，诉讼费被判由败诉方支付。
 He was fined £1,000 and ordered to pay costs of £2,200.
他被罚1,000英镑，法院还判他支付2,200英镑的诉讼费。
Examples from the Corpus
running costs• However, governance structures differ in terms of their set-up and running costs.• Even if the crèche is already built, running costs can be considerable.• Some methods of treatment require plants that cost more than others. whereas some processes may have much lower running costs.• Thus maintenance can make an important contribution to containing machine running costs as well as ensuring optimum machine availability.• The corporation has prepared a detailed indication of running costs for the new hovercraft.• Gas is slower-burning, resulting in reduced wear on principal engine components and reduced running costs.• It will probably be used for capital funding rather than running costs.• Here, the university provides premises for a social centre For the graduates; the Manpower Services Commission provides the running costs.
3  [countableC, uncountableU]LOSE/NOT HAVE ANYMORE something that you lose, give away, damage etc in order to achieve something 代价；牺牲
at (a) cost to somebody
 She had kept her promise to Christine, but at what cost to herself?
她对克里斯蒂娜兑现了诺言，但自己又付出了怎样的代价？
social/environmental etc cost
 They need to weigh up the costs and benefits (=disadvantages and advantages) of regulation.
他们需要权衡一下规章制度的利弊。
 He’s determined to win, whatever the cost (=no matter how much work, money, risk etc is needed).
他决心不惜一切代价也要获胜。
 We must avoid a scandal at all costs (=whatever happens).
我们必须不惜任何代价避免丑闻。
4  [singular] especially American EnglishAmEBBTCOST the price that someone pays for something that they are going to sell 成本价格 SYN cost price
5  know/find out/learn etc something to your cost SUFFERto realize something is true because you have had a very unpleasant experience 付出了代价[吃了苦头]后才知道某事
→ count the cost at count1(11)
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
pay the cost of something
I’m not sure how I’m going to pay the cost of going to college.
cover the cost (=pay for something)
The money he had saved just covered the cost of the trip.
meet/bear the cost of something (=pay for something, especially with difficulty)
His family were unable to meet the cost of his operation.
afford the cost of something
We can’t afford the cost of a holiday abroad this year.
reduce/lower/bring down the cost
If you go later in the year, it will bring down the cost of your holiday.
cut the cost (=reduce it)
The government has promised to cut the cost of medical care.
increase/push up the cost
The new tax will increase the cost of owning a car.
the cost rises/goes up
The cost of electricity has risen again.
the cost falls/goes down
Airline costs have fallen considerably.
adjectives
high/low
the high cost of fuel
the average cost
What’s the average cost of a wedding in the UK?
an extra/additional cost
At the campsite, many activities are available at no extra cost.
the full/total cost
Experts are still assessing the full cost of the disaster.
the estimated cost (=one that is guessed and may not be exact)
The estimated cost was in the region of £3,000.
the annual/monthly cost
This figure represents the annual cost of a loan.
labour/production/transport etc costs
They had to pay £30,000 in legal costs.
running/operating costs (=the amount it costs to run a business, a machine etc)
The new technology is cheaper and the running costs are lower.
borrowing costs (=the amount it costs to borrow money from a bank)
Interest rates and borrowing costs are likely to be higher next year.
phrases
the cost of living (=the amount you need to pay for food, clothes etc)
People are complaining about the rising cost of living.
 THESAURUS
cost the amount of money you need to buy or do something. Cost is usually used when talking in a general way about whether something is expensive or cheap rather than when talking about exact prices 价格；成本；费用〔一般笼统地指价格贵贱，而不是指具体的价格〕
The cost of running a car is increasing.
养车费用越来越高。
the cost of raw materials
原材料成本
price the amount of money you must pay for something that is for sale 价钱，价格
They sell good-quality clothes at reasonable prices.
他们出售的衣服品质好，价格合理。
the price of a plane ticket to New York
到纽约的机票价格
value the amount of money that something is worth 价值
A new kitchen can increase the value of your home.
新厨房可以增加你房屋的价值。
charge the amount that you have to pay for a service or to use something 〔使用服务或某物的〕费用，手续费
Hotel guests may use the gym for a small charge.
酒店客人支付少许费用便可使用健身房。
bank charges
银行手续费
fee the amount you have to pay to enter a place or join a group, or for the services of a professional person such as a lawyer or a doctor 〔进入某地或加入某组织的〕费用；〔专业人士的〕服务费
There is no entrance fee.
没有入场费。
The membership fee is £125 a year.
会员费是125英镑一年。
legal fees
律师费
fare the amount you have to pay to travel somewhere by bus, plane, train etc 〔公共汽车、飞机、火车等的〕交通费
I didn’t even have enough money for my bus fare.
我甚至连买公共汽车车票的钱都不够。
fare increases
票价上涨
rent the amount you have to pay to live in or use a place that you do not own 〔房子或地方的〕租费，租金
The rent on his apartment is $800 a month.
他的公寓租金是800美元一个月。
rate a charge that is set according to a standard scale 〔根据标准比率而定的〕费用，费率
Most TV stations offer special rates to local advertisers.
大多数电视台都给当地的广告客户提供优惠费率。
toll the amount you have to pay to travel on some roads or bridges 〔道路或桥梁的〕通行费
You have to pay tolls on many French motorways.
法国许多高速公路都要付通行费。
Examples from the Corpus
cost• In the budgeting process the firm should decide on what should be treated as profit centres and what as cost centres.• Medical care costs keep rising.• IBM is continuing to cut costs in an effort to be more competitive.• We will deliver and install your computer at no extra cost.• The high cost of health care in the US is causing a great deal of concern.• War is never worth its cost in human life.• If you lose the case, you will face substantial legal costs.• This procedure, known as the capitalization of costs, also increases net income.• Bovard estimated a minimum of 10,000 volumes were flooded, at a replacement cost of $ 10 million.• £650,000 will be needed to cover the hospital's running costs during its first year.• In general, however, they found that consumers took better care of appliances on hire purchase and that servicing costs were lower.• But increased short-term costs should result in overall savings in the longer term.• Many old people have to live in poverty because of the steady rise in the cost of living.• Corporate Software Inc has developed an approach to the problem designed to minimise the cost.• Internet banking will considerably reduce the cost of doing business.• A regular service contract is not expensive when compared to the cost of modern instruments and can provide great peace of mind.• A company hired to do telemarketing ups the cost to as much as 40 percent.• We'll make sure you have the operation, whatever the cost.• The cost of electricity has fallen in the last twelve months.
running costs• However, governance structures differ in terms of their set-up and running costs.• Even if the crèche is already built, running costs can be considerable.• Some methods of treatment require plants that cost more than others. whereas some processes may have much lower running costs.• Thus maintenance can make an important contribution to containing machine running costs as well as ensuring optimum machine availability.• The corporation has prepared a detailed indication of running costs for the new hovercraft.• Gas is slower-burning, resulting in reduced wear on principal engine components and reduced running costs.• It will probably be used for capital funding rather than running costs.• Here, the university provides premises for a social centre For the graduates; the Manpower Services Commission provides the running costs.
at all costs• Avoid at all costs unnecessary negative comments when speaking to a work-inhibited student.• Gusty winds are to be avoided at all costs.• Gardeners occasionally regard shade as an evil to be avoided at all costs.• In their eyes a reconciliation was to be avoided at all costs.• He had to hold the Control at all costs and discourage the enemy from any further attempt to rush his position.• The withdrawn lands had to be kept off-limits at all costs.• In the effort to bolster ratings at all costs, journalistic standards have been lowered.
at cost• Most of the materials were bought at cost from local suppliers.
Related topics: Finance
cost2 ●●● S1 W2 verb  
1  (past tensepst and past participlepp cost) [linking verb]COST to have a particular price 价格为；需支付〔某一数量的钱〕
2  cost somebody their job/life/marriage etc LOSE/NOT HAVE ANYMOREwhen something makes you lose your job etc 以某人的工作/生命/婚姻等为代价
Examples from the Corpus
cost somebody their job/life/marriage etc• And, for those who work in the travel and tourism industry, this tax could cost them their jobs.• His plans to slash defence budgets by £6 billion would cost 100,000 more their jobs.• It could cost them their lives.• I believe that it would cost many people their jobs and would cause far more damage than good.• The most far-reaching internal investigation in Phoenix police history cost four officers their jobs Friday for purchasing banned rifles under false pretenses.
3  cost somebody dear/dearly SUFFERto make someone suffer a lot or to lose something important 使某人付出沉重代价
4  (past tensepst and past participlepp costed) [transitiveT]BFCOUNT/CALCULATE to calculate the total price of something or decide how much the price of something should be 计算…的成本；估计…的花费
5  it will cost you spokenEXPENSIVE used to say that something will be expensive 要花大钱，贵得很
Examples from the Corpus
it will cost you• The more successful we are at extending longevity, the more it will cost us.• If you give credit two things will happen: it will cost you money and give you problems.
n COLLOCATIONS
phrases
cost a lot
Their hair products are really good but they cost a lot.
not cost much
Second hand clothes don’t cost much.
cost something per minute/hour/year etc
Calls cost only 2p per minute.
cost something per person
There’s a one-day course that costs £80 per person.
cost something per head (=per person)
The meal will cost about £20 per head.
not cost (somebody) a penny (=cost nothing)
Using the Internet, you can make phone calls that don’t cost a penny.
cost a fortune/cost the earth (=have a very high price)
If you use a lawyer, it will cost you a fortune.
cost a bomb/a packet British EnglishBrE (=have a very high price)
He has a new sports car that must have cost a bomb.
cost an arm and a leg (=have a price that is much too high)
A skiing holiday needn’t cost you an arm and a leg.
 THESAURUS
cost to have a particular price 价格为
The book costs $25.
这本书售价25美元。
A new kitchen will cost you a lot of money.
一个新厨房需要花费很多钱。
nIt’s a nice dress and it didn’t cost much.
be especially spoken to cost a particular amount of money 价格是
These shoes were only £5.
这双鞋只卖5英镑。
be priced at something to have a particular price – used when giving the exact price that a shop or company charges for something 价格是…〔指商店或公司的定价〕
Tickets are priced at $20 for adults and $10 for kids.
票价成人20美元，儿童10美元。
retail at something to be sold in shops at a particular price – used especially in business 零售价是…〔尤用于商业〕
The scissors retail at £1.99 in department stores.
剪刀在百货商店的零售价是1.99英镑。
sell/go for something used for saying what people usually pay for something 卖某价钱
Houses in this area sell for around £200,000.
这个地区的房子卖20万英镑左右。
fetch used for saying what people pay for something, especially at a public sale 〔尤在公开出售时〕售得，卖得
The painting fetched over $8,000 at auction.
这幅画在拍卖会上拍了8,000多美元。
nA sports car built for Mussolini is expected to fetch nearly £1 million at auction.
set somebody back something informal to cost someone a lot of money 花费某人许多钱
A good set of speakers will set you back around £150.
一套好的扬声器要花掉你150英镑左右。
come to if a bill comes to a particular amount, it adds up to that amount 〔账单〕总计为
The bill came to £100 between four of us.
账单我们四个人一共100英镑。
Examples from the Corpus
cost• Tickets for the show cost £15 or £20.• The Department of Education estimates that it will cost $17 billion to build the new schools.• Our staff are trained to administer the policy on page 53, which costs £17 per person for 18 days.• Cable TV service costs $19.95 a month.• My first bike cost $ 200.• The options are being costed and analyzed.• The project had been incorrectly costed and the money ran out before it could be completed.• It would be a good idea to get the plan costed before presenting it to the board.• Look at Frank's new Mercedes - it must have cost a fortune.• Instead, they survive on a liquid diet that costs a staggering $ 10,000 a month.• Larry's years of hard drinking and living almost cost him his life.• How much does a house like that cost in America?• I stayed in a hotel in Paris which cost me $150 a night.• Slopeside lodgings cost more, but often you are spared the expense of renting a car.• Treasury sums said the rebate would be worth £4m, but would cost more to fix.• It is costing our industrialists dear, and our exporters.• All this delay has cost the company an important contract.• Mr Major has already discovered that repossessions and defaults cost the government money as well as damaging consumer confidence and financial institutions.• The field goal he missed cost the team the game.• Another mistake like that could cost you your job.
cost the earth• A well planned, well made kitchen that doesn't cost the earth.• But ... but it must cost the earth.• He would miss seeing Harry and, besides, a weekend at some hotel would cost the earth.• In Coventry Sir William Lyons produced wonderful engineering and style-but he didn't believe his cars should cost the earth.• It's better than getting a locum in - they cost the earth and sometimes do more harm than good.• It would cost the earth, but it had to be safer than Nigel's Aston Martin.• But flooring need not cost the earth; nor is carpeting the only solution.• This is a flexible, well-designed machine which produces quality prints and doesn't cost the earth to print them.
From Longman Business Dictionary
costcost1 /kɒstkɒːst/ noun
1[countableC, uncountableU] the amount of money that you have to pay in order to buy, do, or produce something
The distributor bears the full cost of promoting a film.
Siemens is moving production to low cost sites in Portugal and Mexico.
The policy covers all major illnesses and includes children’s cover at no extra cost.
The company had to bring in skilled workers from abroad, often at high cost.
2costs [plural]ACCOUNTING the money that a business or an individual must regularly spend
The rising costs of land and labour have weakened the ship repair business in Singapore.
Delays in construction could increase costs significantly.
Kraft is seeking to cut costs by closing plants.
Rents will be sufficient to cover costs (=pay for costs) and allow the developer a profit.
→ accrued cost → bid costs → carrying cost → current cost → depreciated cost → direct cost → discretionary costs → economic cost → factor cost → factory cost → fixed cost → historic cost → holding cost → incremental cost → indirect cost → landed cost → lifecycle cost → marginal cost → one-off cost → operating cost → opportunity cost → overhead cost → replacement cost → running cost → setup cost → standard cost → standby cost → sunk cost → transaction cost → unit cost → variable cost
costcost2 verb
1 (past tensepst and past participlepp cost) [transitiveT] to have a particular price
This dress cost $75.
cost (somebody) something
How much did the work cost you?
2cost a (small) fortune/the earth (also cost a bomb/packet British EnglishBrE informal) to have a very high price
The meal cost a small fortune, but it was well worth it.
What a fantastic dress. It must have cost a bomb!
3 (past tensepst and past participlepp costed) [transitiveT usually passive]ACCOUNTING to calculate the cost of something or decide how much something should cost
We’ll get the plan costed before sending it to the board.
Origin cost2
(1300-1400) Old French coster, from Latin constare “to stand firm, cost”; → CONSTANT1
cost1 noun →REGISTER1 →n COLLOCATIONS1
→THESAURUS1cost2 verb →n GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
→n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1
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