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BNC: 305 COCA: 260

since

since /sɪns/ ●●● S1 W1 prepositionprep , conjunction , adverb  
1  SINCEfrom a particular time or event in the past until the present, or in that period of time 自从…以来，自从…之后
 We’ve been waiting here since two o’clock.
我们从两点钟开始就在这里等了。
 I haven’t played rugby since I left university.
我大学毕业后就没打过橄榄球。
 She left London ten years ago, and I haven’t seen her since.
她十年前离开伦敦，此后我再没有见过她。
 The factory has been here since the 1970s.
这家工厂从 20 世纪 70 年代起就在这里了。
 It was exactly five years since her father had died.
从她父亲去世到现在正好满五年。
 Since the end of the war, over five thousand prisoners have been released.
自从战争结束以后，已有五千多名战俘获释。
 He lost his job five years ago, but has since found other work.
他五年前失去工作，但此后找到了其他工作。
 I left school in 1995, and since then I’ve lived in London.
我 1995 年离开学校，此后就在伦敦生活。
ever since (=all the time since) 自从，从此
 We’ve been friends ever since we were at school together.
我们从上学的时候起就一直是朋友。
 She’s been terrified of the sound of aircraft ever since the crash.
自从那次飞机失事后，她就一直害怕听到飞机声。
 We came to the UK in 1974 and have lived here ever since.
我们 1974 年来到英国，此后就一直在这里生活。
2  BECAUSEused to give the reason for something 因为，既然
 Since you are unable to answer, perhaps we should ask someone else.
既然你回答不了，那我们也许该问问别人。
► see thesaurus at because
3  since when? spokenANGRY used in questions to show that you are very surprised or angry 从什么时候起？〔用于问句，表示惊讶或气愤〕
 Since when have you been interested in my feelings?
你从什么时候起开始关心我的感受了？
Examples from the Corpus
since when?• Me: No kidding, since when?• Oh, yeah? Since when are you in charge around here?• True, the storyline was not completely didactic, which was just as well since when art does so it becomes dreary.• And since when have you been such an excellent student of human nature?• His championship-winning days began in 1983 and he lost the flyweight title two years ago, since when he has remained unbeaten.• But since when is $ 250 high end?• However, the next owner dismantled the walls in 1685, since when it has remained in a state of decay.• After that she was put away until they closed the asylums, since when she's lived in that place.• The winter of Keynesian discontent probably occurred in the early 1980s, since when there have been signs of a marked rally.
4  long since PASTif something has long since happened, it happened a long time ago 很久以前，早已
 I’ve long since forgiven her for what she did.
我早已原谅她的所作所为了。
Examples from the Corpus
long since• He had long since given up reading the tabloids.• Other staff had long since gone home.• The reservoir behind it would have long since silted up.• I've long since stopped caring about him.• Women who had long since stopped listening except to their own ossified ramblings.• The Democratic Party has long since taken black voters for granted.• Clearly he had long since trained himself to tune out all awareness of boys unless they menaced his engine or coachwork.• That one has long since vanished, as a result of the Falls' implacable backward erosion.
5 GRAMMAR 语法: since, for
Use since to say that something started at a point in time in the past, and is still or was continuing . since 表示某事于过去某一时间开始,并且现在仍在继续
He has been living in Leeds since 1998.
他从 1998 年起就住在利兹。
Since is usually followed by a time expression (‘last year’, ‘this morning’, ‘4 o’clock’ etc) or by the simple past tense. Use the present perfect or the past perfect in the other clause . since 后面常跟表示时间的短语（如last year,this morning,4 o’clock等）,或是跟一般过去时。在另一个分句中要用现在完成时或过去完成时
We’ve known about it since May.
我们从五月份起就知道这件事了。
Speakers of British English usually say it is a long time/two weeks etc since …, and speakers of American English it has been a long time/two weeks etc since …, but both uses are correct . 英国英语一般说 it is a long time/two weeks etc since … ,而美国英语则一般说 it has been a long time/two weeks etc since … ,两种说法都是正确的
He had been seriously ill since Christmas.
他从圣诞节开始就一直病得很重。
Use for when you state the length of time that something has been or had been happening . for 表示某事发生的时间长度
I have loved movies since I first went to the cinema.
我第一次去电影院后就喜欢上了电影。
It’s weeks (BrE【英】)/It’s been weeks (AmE【美】) since I saw Grandma.
我已经好几个星期没有见到祖母了。
We have known each other for ten years (NOT不说 since ten years).
我们认识已经有十年了。
I had been waiting for hours (NOT不说 since hours).
我已经等了好几个小时了。
n GRAMMAR: Comparison
since
You use since with a time, year, date, or other point in time:
He has been living in England since 2008.
We’ve known about it since May.
Don’t use since with a period of time. ✗Don’t say: He has been living in England since 12 years.
You use the present perfect before since:
I have liked him since we first met.
We’ve been driving since six this morning.
✗Don’t say: I like him since we first met.
You also use the past perfect before since:
She had been waiting since five o’clock.
✗Don’t say: She was waiting since five o’clock.
You use the simple past tense after since:
He has grown since I last saw him.
for
You use for with a period of time:
I’ve known him for ten years.
We’ve been waiting for hours.
Examples from the Corpus
since• Sarah's been sick since Friday.• Unemployment is now at its lowest point since World War II.
ever since• Federal authorities have tried to put together a criminal case against Zimmermann ever since.• Instantly we fell in love with the area and have been returning regularly ever since.• It has been on my conscience ever since.• Another interview revealed that ever since childhood she had been very suspicious of strangers.• He's had to be kept apart from the hamsters ever since one bit him on the nose.• Marsha says Michael has been difficult to control ever since she divorced his father in 1979.• She behaved in this way ever since the first attempt...
Origin since
Old English siththan, from sith tham “since that”
since prepositionprep →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
BNC: 305 COCA: 260
BNC: 305 COCA: 260
BNC: 305 COCA: 260
since
From now or from a particular time: since, meanwhile, henceforth...
After another event or time: after, following, since...
Before a time or event: before, first, early...
Ways of explaining or clarifying: after all, as, as a matter of fact...

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